Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objective of this work was to assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-related oral lesions (HIV-ROL) in HIV-positive/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) including HIV-protease inhibitors. One hundred fifty-five (154) AIDS patients (69 intravenous drug users [IDU], 53 heterosexuals, 29 males who have sex with males, 1 transfused, and 2 of unknown contagious source) receiving HAART, were examined. We found the following prevalences: HIV-ROL 53.2%; oral candidiasis 34.4%; hairy leucoplakia 26.6%; xerostomia 15.5%; herpes simplex labialis 1.9%; HIV/periodontitis-gingivitis 0.6%. No cases of Kaposi's sarcoma were observed. The highest prevalence of HIV-ROL was found in the IDU group, and in patients with viral load more than 10,000 copies and CD4(+) cell count less than 200. Using our historical controls, this suggests that the prevalence of all oral lesions, particularly oral candidiasis, herpes simplex labiali, Kaposi's sarcoma, and periodontal disease has decreased more than 30% after the institution of HAART.
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PMID:Oral lesions in HIV/AIDS patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral treatment including protease inhibitors: a new face of oral AIDS? 1111 29

A cross-sectional study examining oral manifestations was carried out in HIV-infected patients of a general HIV-specialized unit to provide prevalence data on oral lesions and periodontal diseases. The occurrence of oral lesions was correlated with demographic and clinical characteristics, immunologic and virologic parameters. Among 139 patients 86% presented any oral lesions with a prevalence of 76% of any periodontal diseases. Most periodontal lesions were classified as conventional gingivitis (28%) or periodontitis (30%). Dental plaque formation was associated with a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases (p = 0.01) and periodontal inflammation scores were higher in patients with more reduced CD4-counts (p = 0.03). Prevalence for HIV-specific oral lesions was 29% with a proportion of 9% of linear gingival erythema (LGE), 3.6% of necrotizing and ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) or periodontitis (NUP), 7% of oral candidiasis, 3.6% of oral hairy leucoplakia (OHL) and single other lesions. HIV-specific lesions (NUG/NUP, oral candidiasis and OHL) were found predominantly in patients with advanced immunosuppression and elevated viral load. Compared with data of oral diseases of the pre-HAART era prevalence of HIV-specific lesions was markedly reduced. Especially frequently known lesions such as oral candidiasis and OHL were less common seen. We noticed a shift of prevalence towards periodontal diseases. Lack of oral hygiene determined by plaque formation and reduced CD4-counts with pronounced periodontal inflammation can be seen as risk factors for periodontal disease. Overall high prevalence of manifestations underlines the importance of oral examination for the general practitioner and visits by oral specialists should become a routine procedure in HIV-patients care.
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PMID:Prevalence of oral lesions and periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. 1628 7

The objective of the study is to establish the prevalence of oral manifestations and their influence on oral functions. A total of 514 subjects aged 18 to 58 years (mean 42 years) were randomly recruited from five The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) clinics in Uganda. They were clinically examined for oral lesions under field conditions by four trained dentists based on World Health Organization criteria. Women constituted 74.5% of the study population. Oral manifestations were recorded in 72% of the subjects, out of which 70% had candidiasis of pseudomembranous, erythematous, and angular cheilitis variants. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, atypical ulcers, necrotizing periodontitis, and hairy leucoplakia were least frequently observed in the subjects. Of those who had oral lesions (n = 370), 68.4% had some form of discomfort in the mouth. Tooth brushing, chewing, and swallowing were frequently associated with discomfort. Reported forms of discomfort were dry mouth, increased salivation, and burning sensation especially on taking salty and spicy foods or acidic drinks. Only 8.5% (n = 44) of the subjects were taking medications specifically for oral lesions, which included antifungal, antiviral, and antibacterial agents. None of the subjects were on antiretroviral therapy. Oral lesions associated with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in TASO clients is a major public health problem requiring education in recognition and appropriate management.
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PMID:Oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS in clients attending TASO clinics in Uganda. 1747 37

The presence of bacteria within the pocket epithelium and underlying connective tissue in gingival biopsies from patients with periodontitis has been reported using various methods, including electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence using bacteria-specific antibodies, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using a fluorescence-labeled oligonucleotide probe. Nevertheless, these methods are not widely used due to technical limitation or difficulties. Here a method to localize bacteria within paraffin-embedded tissues using DIG-labeled DNA probes has been introduced. The paraffin-embedded tissues are the most common form of biopsy tissues available from pathology banks. Bacteria can be detected either in a species-specific or universal manner. Bacterial signals are detected as either discrete forms (coccus, rod, fusiform, and hairy form) of bacteria or dispersed forms. The technique allows other histological information to be obtained: the epithelia, connective tissue, inflammatory infiltrates, and blood vessels are well distinguished. This method can be used to study the role of bacteria in various diseases, such as periodontitis, cancers, and inflammatory immune diseases.
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PMID:In Situ Detection of Bacteria within Paraffin-embedded Tissues Using a Digoxin-labeled DNA Probe Targeting 16S rRNA. 2606 90