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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oral candidiasis, herpetic lesions, oral mucosal warts, human immunodeficiency virus-associated gingivitis and periodontitis, Kaposi's sarcoma, hairy leukoplakia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are oral manifestations of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. This paper will explain how to identify these lesions, their significance, and recommended treatments.
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PMID:Oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. 199 2

In the course of the infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we frequently observe disorders of the mucous membranes and, occasionally, they present the first manifestation of HIV-induced immunodeficiency. Like in other organs, opportunistic infections and malignant tumors prevail as a result of the impaired immune system. Opportunistic infections are characterized by frequency (candidiasis), aggressive expansion, persistence, frequent recurrences, and resistance to therapy (gingivitis, parodontitis, herpes simplex, warts). Oral hairy leucoplakia is considered a specific lesion of HIV infection. Malignant tumors, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, may cause marked morbidity in AIDS patients; occasionally, the clinical picture of Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is rather uncharacteristic. Other manifestations on the mucous membranes may arise in association with systemic reactions, such as drug eruptions, thrombocytopenic purpura, or acute HIV infection. The etiology of still other lesions of the mucous membranes (e.g. chronic recurrent ulcers, xerostomia, disorders of pigmentation) is incompletely understood. The awareness of these disorders of the mucous membranes in HIV infection is of diagnostic, therapeutic and epidemiological importance.
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PMID:[AIDS--mucous membrane manifestations]. 220 62

Periodontal diseases may be the first clinical sign of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection. Since the immunosuppression and subsequent susceptibility may alter the responses of the oral tissues as well as the microflora, both periodontal treatment and result of therapy may be modified. The periodontal diseases in HIV-seropositive patients include common as well as less conventional forms of gingivitis and periodontitis, and bacterial, mycotic and viral infections are seen. Neoplasias may also involve the periodontium; most common are Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Recent studies of unselected groups of patients indicate that periodontal health in at least some groups of HIV-seropositive patients is better than previously reported.
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PMID:Periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients. 819 44

A consensus has been reached on the classification of the oral manifestations of HIV infection and their diagnostic criteria, based on presumptive and definitive criteria. The former relate to the initial clinical appearance of the lesion and the latter are often the result of special investigations. Candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, specific forms of periodontal disease [linear gingival erythema, necrotising-(ulcerative) gingivitis and necrotising(ulcerative) periodontitis], Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are strongly associated with HIV infection. Lesions less commonly associated with HIV infection and lesions seen in HIV infection, but not indicative of the disease, are also listed.
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PMID:Classification and diagnostic criteria for oral lesions in HIV infection. EC-Clearinghouse on Oral Problems Related to HIV Infection and WHO Collaborating Centre on Oral Manifestations of the Immunodeficiency Virus. 822 64

The exact nature of amyloid-like hyaline material deposits in the skin is not well understood in some disorders. Three of those--ligneous conjunctivitis, ligneous periodontitis and colloid milium--have been rarely reported in a same patient. We report a case of mucosal and skin deposits of an amyloid-like homogeneous material associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and congenital auricular hypoplasia. We discussed and reviewed the literature on these unique associations to determine whether these are the same pathological process. We also noted whether this case represents a new syndrome or a coincidental association.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and auricular hypoplasia: associated with juvenile colloid milium or ligneous conjunctivitis? 1706 83

A large number of studies showed that hairy leukoplakia, pseudomembranous candidiasis, Kaposi' sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, linear gingival erythema, necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis were the most common lesions in patients with HIV infection and AIDS, and their higher prevalence and incidence rates correlated with the falling CD4 counts and higher virus load of the patients. The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was associated with decreases in the prevalence of oral diseases. Oral manifestations may represent early signs of AIDS disease and call attention to disease progression. Oral fluid has been shown to possess superior sensitivity for HIV antibody detection as serum.
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PMID:[Progress on study on oral lesions in patients with AIDS]. 2014 59

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has the propensity to affect non-lymphoid tissue including oral tissue. Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the mandible mistreated as chronic periodontitis with diffuse enlargement of the mandibular canal and ice-cold numbness is very rarely described in English medical literature. A 57-year-old patient presented with a painful swelling on the left side of the mandible with a clinically chronic periodontitis associated with ice-cold numbness. A panoramic radiograph showed a diffuse uniform enlargement of the mandibular canal. Histological examination showed that the lesion was a primary intraosseous non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the mandible. Immunohistochemical examination showed a positive reaction for CD20+, Ki-67+. Seven months after chemotherapy the patient was observed for possible life-threatening propagation of the disease. In conclusion, primary (extra-nodal) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the mandible usually clinically presents with bone swelling, teeth mobility and neurological disturbance. Radiographic features presenting as diffuse enlargement of the mandibular canal could be considered as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:Radiographic enlargement of mandibular canal as first feature of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 2072 89

Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, is a rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with similar presentation to various benign inflammatory diseases. Adequate biopsy is required for a diagnosis because this lymphoma frequently coexists with large amount of necrosis and inflammation. In this study, a case of a 49-year-old woman presenting with a 3-week history of right maxillary alveolar ridge pain with a subsequent diagnosis of periodontitis is described. The patient's clinical condition deteriorated over a period of 6 weeks. Computed tomography delineated involvement of the right maxillary sinus, posterior part of the right pharynx and right nasal cavity. Immunohistopathology initially revealed Wegener's granulomatosis, followed by extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma. Severe refractory periodontitis in a background of Wegener's granulomatosis may be the initial presentation of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. In addition to careful examination, radiographic and laboratory testing, multiple large biopsies should be taken for immunohistochemical analysis to obtain an appropriate diagnosis.
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PMID:Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, masquerading as recalcitrant periodontitis in a patient with a diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. 2311 92

A multitude of disease processes ranging from periodontitis to malignancies can lead to formation of solitary ulcer on the palate. Hence solitary ulcers of palate can often be a challenging one to diagnose. We report an interesting case of a diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the maxillary sinus which perforated the palatal bone and presented clinically as a palatal ulcer. Initially the lesion manifested as a small ill-defined swelling in the posterior palatal slope in relation to 24and25 which were mobile and hence was erroneously diagnosed as chronic periodontal abscess. This paper is intended to stress the relevance of including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of solitary palatal ulcers as it may be often misdiagnosed as more common reactive or inflammatory lesions.
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PMID:Extranodal diffuse large B cell lymphoma of maxillary sinus presenting as a palatal ulcer. 3073 92