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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patient plaque removal is a major component of periodontal therapy and should be continuously monitored during and following treatment. There do not appear to be studies which address plaque score changes achieved primarily by patient performance from the time of initial presentation to, during, and following active therapy. We assessed individual tooth surfaces and segment plaque scores for 24 adult subjects presenting with periodontitis, the majority of which was ADA case types III and IV, at 3 time points (initial presentation, post-initial preparation, and at 3 months following active therapy), using the O'Leary Plaque Index. The assessments describing surfaces and segments were made prior to any professional intervention. Analysis of buccal (B), interproximal (I), and lingual (L) plaque retentive surfaces at t-0 indicated the mean plaque index on B and L surfaces (30.7% and 41.9% respectively) was less than that on I surfaces (79.6%). At t-1 and t-2, the mean plaque index on all three surfaces was significantly (P less than 0.05) less than at t-0. Analysis of plaque indices in each of 6 segments at each time point revealed that plaque scores in all segments, except the mandibular right segment, were analogously reduced from t-0 to t-1 and to t-2. Our results indicate that plaque reduction for all subjects based primarily on patient performance consistently approaches or exceeds 50% on all surfaces and that interproximal surfaces present with and retain more plaque than buccal and lingual surfaces. Furthermore, patient plaque performance achieved at the time of post-initial preparation may be a predictor of the plaque control achievable during therapy based on patient performance.
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PMID:Plaque score changes based primarily on patient performance at specific time intervals. 219 50

In this report over 400 subgingival plaque samples taken from over 110 patients were examined microscopically and culturally for 30 bacterial parameters. The patients could be placed into six disease categories based upon clinical criteria. The bacterial profile of each clinical category was generally distinctive of that category. Periodontal patients who had been successfully treated and maintained had plaques that were populated by significantly higher proportions of Streptococcus sanguis, Actinomyces viscosus, A. odontolyticus and S. mutans and significantly lower proportions of B. gingivalis and spirochetes compared to the five untreated disease categories. The spirochetes were the overwhelming microbial type in the plaques of adult periodontitis (AP) patients, averaging about 45% of the microscopic count. The bacteriological results could not distinguish between ADA Type III and IV periodontitis, suggesting that the same type of infection was occurring in an active site in any AP patient. The patients designated as early onset periodontitis (EOP) differed from the other patients by their relative youth and by their significantly higher proportions of Bacteroides gingivalis and/or B. intermedius. Two types of EOP were recognized in which the most diseased variant was characterized by having an average of 49% spirochetes in the plaque. Four localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) patients were notable in not having detectable A. actinomycetemcomitans. The data indicate that the various types of periodontitis, with the possible exception of LJP are specific anaerobic infections involving spirochetes and to a lesser extent B. gingivalis and B. intermedius.
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PMID:Bacterial profiles of subgingival plaques in periodontitis. 386 48

In this study the extraction and the immunochemical features of a lipopolysaccharide-like (LPSL) macromolecule of T. denticola strains 35405, 35404, 33521 and 11 were investigated. The yield of LPSL molecule ranged between 0.5-0.9% of the cell dry weight, it possessed Limulus amebocyte lysate clotting activity, and it contained glucosamine, phosphate, heptose, glucose, small amounts of KDO, myristic and beta hydroxy myristic acid. Sera obtained from healthy individuals (ADA type I) periodontitis, from 3-8 month old infants, or the mouse monoclonal antibody, diluted 1:2, against T. pallidum did not react with the LPSL antigens of T. denticola strains 35405, 35404, 33521, and 11. Sera from patients with ADA type III-IV periodontitis were reactive with two 8-14 kDa bands even at serum dilutions of 1:2000. Sera from patients with ADA type II periodontitis showed good antibody response to the 8-14 kDa band at a dilution of 1:50, but were weekly reactive, or nonreactive at serum dilutions of 1:200. This study indicates that extraction of a lipopolysaccharide-like macromolecule is feasible from the assay spirochetes, and this macromolecule may be used as an antigen for the diagnosis of ADA types II-IV periodontitis.
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PMID:Immunochemical features of a macromolecule of Treponema denticola. 747 66

There is little evidence to indicate that bacteria contained within DUWL have been associated directly with the development of infections in patients or dental health care workers. However a number of bacteria identified in biofilm from DUWL are opportunistic bacteria which are known to cause illnesses which have significant morbidity and, indeed, significant mortality. As the CDC guidelines have indicated, failure to deal with this issue is inconsistent with good infection control practices. In addition, the putative link between bacteria associated with refractory periodontitis and DUWL biofilm gives cause for concern. There are a number of products available which, if used as directed, are effective in controlling DUWL biofilm and ensuring the provision of an irrigating solution with bacterial levels which conform to the CDC and ADA guidelines. If a surgical periodontal procedure is undertaken then it is important that handpieces or ultrasonic/sonic scalers are supplied with sterile water delivered through disposable or autoclavable tubing.
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PMID:Contamination of dental unit waterlines: a re-evaluation. 1691 66

Care for a child's teeth and gums can start even before the baby is born. Pregnancy causes many hormonal changes, among these the rise of estrogen and progesterone increases the risk of developing oral health problems, like gingivitis and periodontitis.The presence of maternal periodontal diseases and active infections has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and foetal loss. Therefore, it is important to educate pregnant women about their oral hygiene and the importance of taking care of their newborn's oral health. J. Courtad and A. Horowitz devised six steps to help us in promoting oral health (ADA Convention- 2016 Denver): 1. Asking right questions such as "Has there been any change in your health history since your last visit?" and "When did you brush your teeth last?" is recommended in order to find out wether your patient is pregnant and to get to know her dental care better. 2. Know your audience: Mothers are increasingly informed about childbearing, however not every piece of information is correct! Let them know what they are doing well and do not sound like you are preaching to them. 3. Use informal language. 4. Emphasize the need to get dental treatments and to prevent decay: Parents can pass bacteria to their newborns, therefore we want mothers to have a healthy mouth before they give birth! 5. Mom and dad as first dentists: Teach parents about nutrition and when and how to clean their children's mouth. 6. Listen to patients and confirm what they heard: Ask the patient to tell you what she is going to do at home and confirm. As pregnant women are more receptive to oral health information than in any other moment in their life, our aim is to take this opportunity by providing good prevention information and instilling healthy habits as early as possible.
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PMID:Caring for baby's teeth starts before birth. 2849 94