Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of study was the evaluation of periodontal pockets microflora in patients with advanced periodontitis. From each subject 16-20 samples were taken using paper points. Pooled sample after 60 s. mixing was serially diluted in reduced BHI. For total cell counts and for the isolation of black pigmented anaerobes Brucella agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood, hemin, menadione, with and without Kanamycin-Vancomycin mixture and BM agar plates were used. For isolation of A. actinomycetemcomitans TSBV agar plates were used. Cultures were incubated in anaerobic chamber at 37 degrees C for 7 days and TSBV agar plates in an atmosphere of 95% air-5% CO2 at 37 degrees C for 5 days. Microorganisms were identified by Gram staining, colony morphology, fluorescence in UV-light, haemagglutination of 3% sheep erythrocytes, fermentation of sugars, production of indole, urease (API 20A), specific enzymes (Rapid ID 32A). Twenty seven subjects with clinically recognized periodontitis were examined. Microorganisms important in periodontitis were isolated from periodontal pockets of almost all examined subjects. The number of bacteria obtained from the sample of one patient ranged from 1 x 10(4) CFU/ml to 3,6 x 10(6) CFU/ml. Porphyromonas gingivalis was identified in the samples taken from 17 patients, Prevotella intermedia-19, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans -11, Fusobacterium nucleatum-9, Peptostreptococcus spp.-22.
 ...
PMID:[Microflora of periodontal pockets in advanced periodontitis]. 941 Oct 79

Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease that affects more than 12 million people in the United States and represents a risk factor for periodontitis with odds ratios of 2.1 to 3.0. New data support the concept that in diabetes-associated periodontitis, the altered host inflammatory response plays a critical role. We have recently examined the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) mediator level, monocytic secretion, and clinical presentation of 39 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 64 non-diabetic patients with various degrees of periodontal health and disease. First, we found that there was an unexpected high level of GCF mediators among the IDDM subjects, even in the gingivitis and mild periodontitis patients. Furthermore, the GCF and monocytic mediator responses were obviously bimodal in distribution with respect to periodontal status. Gingivitis patients and mild periodontitis patients represented one low response group, and the moderate and severe periodontitis subjects the high response group. Accordingly, these 4 periodontal subgroups were pooled to form 2 main groups for analyses--group A (AAP Types I-II) and group B (AAP Types III-IV). Diabetics had significantly higher GCF levels of both PGE2 and IL-1 beta when compared to non-diabetic controls with similar periodontal status. Within the diabetic group, the GCF levels of these inflammatory mediators were almost 2-fold higher in group B subjects when compared to diabetics from group A. Among diabetics, GCF TNF-alpha levels were only marginally detectable and no significant difference was found between group A and group B patients. Insulin-dependent diabetic patients with gingivitis or mild periodontitis (group A) and moderate to severe periodontitis (group B) have abnormal monocytic inflammatory secretion in response to LPS challenge from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) as compared to non-diabetic periodontal patients. Data suggest that the diabetic state results in a significantly upregulated monocytic secretion of PGE2 (4.2-fold), IL-1 beta (4.4-fold), and TNF-alpha (4.6-fold) when compared to non-diabetic controls. Within diabetics, LPS dose-response curves demonstrated that monocytes from group B patients secreted approximately 3 times more PGE2 and 6.2 times more TNF-alpha than those from group A; however, there was no significant difference in monocytic IL-1 beta secretion between the 2 diabetic groups. This upregulated monocytic trait is thought to exist independently of the presence of severe periodontal disease since, in non-diabetic patients with adult periodontitis, Gram-negative bacterial infections alone are not sufficient to elicit a systemic hyperresponsive monocytic trait. Between group A and group B diabetics, there was no significant difference in metabolic control as expressed by mean level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). In conclusion, our data suggest that diabetic patients have exaggerated inflammatory responses when compared to non-diabetic controls. Furthermore, within diabetics, individuals with moderate to severe periodontitis (group B) have significantly elevated monocytic secretion of PGE2 and TNF-alpha upon LPS challenge and significantly higher GCF levels of PGE2 and IL-1 beta when compared to patients with gingivitis or mild periodontal disease (group A). Thus, we suggest that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for more severe periodontal disease because, as compared to non-diabetics, diabetic subjects react with an abnormally high degree of inflammation to an equivalent bacterial burden.
 ...
PMID:PGE2, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha responses in diabetics as modifiers of periodontal disease expression. 972 89

Fungi are elements of the ontocenosis of the oral cavity and causal factors of inflammatory lesions in its mucous membrane. The objective of the study was to find differences in the activity of hydrolytic enzymes of Candida albicans isolated from patients with diseases of the periodontium and mucous membrane of the oral cavity. Of 235 patients examined, 31 were diagnosed with gingivitis, 38 with glossitis, 28 with leucoplakia, 37 with adult periodontitis, 25 with juvenile periodontitis, 36 stomatitis prothetica and 40 with stomatitis atrophica. In 196 patients (83.4 +/- 2.4%), fungi belonging to Candida species were detected. In the evaluation of Candida albicans strains (146) properties, bioMerieux API ZYM tests containing substrates for the detection of 19 hydrolases were used. All the investigated strains were characterized by the activity of 14 enzymes, i.e. phosphatase alcaline, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), leucine and valine arylamidase, phosphatase acid, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, alpha galactosidase, beta galactosidase, alpha glucosidase, beta glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, alpha mannosidase and alpha fucosidase. Strains isolated from the oral cavity of patients with disease of periodontium and mucous membrane are characterised by the highest phosphatase acid activity. The greatest enzymatic activity is characteristic of Candida albicans isolated from patients with stomatitis atrophica or stomatitis prothetica, and the lowest in strains from gingivitis or juvenile periodontitis cases. Differences in the activity of hydrolases are statistically significant (p < 0.01) for: esterase (C4), leucine and valine arylamidase, phosphatase acid, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, beta glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, of fungi isolated from patients with particular clinical diagnoses.
 ...
PMID:Activity of hydrolytic enzymes of Candida albicans strains isolated from patients with periodontal and membrane mucosae of oral cavity diseases. 975 Mar 41

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of factors such as age, gender, standard of living and prophylactic methods used on API and SBI indices. An individual prevention program was started in 182 children aged 6-18 years and included 5 visits during 3 years of follow-up. The children were grouped according to age as follows: group I (6-9 years; n = 67); group II (10-12 years; n = 51); group III (13-15 years; n = 35); group IV (16-18 years; n = 29). During each visit the number of caries cavities, results of color test, SBI and API values were recorded. Questionnaires were used to determine oral hygiene and nutrition habits, as well as the standard of living. A tendency to decreasing SBI and API values was noted during the follow-up period, most notable in groups II and III (Table 1). Higher SBI and API values were found in boys than girls of groups II, III and IV (Table 2). Correlation between API and SBI was ascertained in all groups, corroborating the link between parodontitis and oral hygiene. No correlation was noted between API and number of cavities (Table 2). Fluoride prevention was generally associated with lower SBI and API values. Higher standard of living was linked with significantly lower API and smaller number of cavities in all age groups (Table 3). According to the questionnaires, dental care in terms of regular visits to the dentist, fluoridation and sealing is better in children with a higher living standard. Furthermore, these children eat less sweats and start toothbrushing earlier in life.
 ...
PMID:[Analysis of the value of API and gum bleeding SBI markers for hygiene status in adolescent patients using an individual prophylaxis program]. 1460 90

So far, little phenotypic heterogeneity has been detected in cultured oral treponemes with trypsin-like proteolytic activity, and all have been assigned to the species Treponema denticola. However, comparisons of protein patterns and antigen expression in our collection of proteolytic oral treponemes occasionally identified isolates with a unique phenotype; e.g. strain OMZ 830 (=ATCC 700768), which qualified as a 'pathogen-related oral spirochaete' due to the presence of a approximately 37 kDa protein reactive with the Treponema pallidum FlaA-specific mAb H9-2. In addition to such single isolates, a homogeneous group of seven independent strains is described that were highly motile, medium-sized, proteolytic but asaccharolytic spirochaetes and were cultured from human gingivitis, periodontitis and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in medium OMIZ-Pat supplemented with 1% human serum and antibiotics. Growth of these spirochaetes in OMIZ-Pat was not dependent on, but was stimulated by, human or bovine serum. Carbohydrates were neither required nor stimulatory for growth. The protein and antigen patterns of total cell extracts of these organisms separated by SDS-PAGE were distinct from those of all previously cultured spirochaetes, with highest similarity to T. denticola. The novel spirochaete has a 2 : 4 : 2 arrangement of the periplasmic flagella, similar to T. denticola. However, the flagellin pattern as detected by immunostaining or glycan staining of Western blots readily distinguished the novel group from T. denticola. Also, distinct from reference strains of T. denticola, none of the novel isolates displayed sialidase or dentilisin activities, both of which are expressed by most strains of T. denticola. Trypsin-like activity and other enzymes as detected by API ZYM test were similar to those of T. denticola. The status of a novel species is supported by the 16S rRNA gene sequence, with 98.5% similarity to its closest cultured relative, T. denticola. The name Treponema putidum sp. nov. is proposed (type strain OMZ 758T=ATCC 700334T=CIP 108088T).
 ...
PMID:Treponema putidum sp. nov., a medium-sized proteolytic spirochaete isolated from lesions of human periodontitis and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. 1528 Feb 79

One of the ways of treating of the aggressive forms of periodontitis is the method of guided tissue regeneration using enamel matrix proteins included in Emdogain preparation. The aim of work was clinical evaluation of the complex treatment of those periodontolyses using the above mentioned material as the implant material. 35 intrabony pockets were operated in 11 patients aged 17-50. The treatment results were described with the use of clinical indices of API and SBI, indices of pockets depth PPD and the loss of the attachment CAL indices before and within the period of 8 to 12 months after the surgeries. The values of the examined features were submitted to statistical analysis using Shapiro-Wilks and Wilcoxon's tests. The treatment that was applied led to extremely statistically significant improvement of the examined parameters.
 ...
PMID:Use of Emdogain enamel matrix proteins in the surgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis. 1531 22

The use of laser therapy as the agent reinforcing conventional treatment of the periodontal diseases becomes more and more common. In the physiotherapy of the periodontal diseases the biostimulating, laser is eagerly used because of its action which accelerates the healing of wounds and also because of its antioedematous, anti-inflammatory and analgesic action. The aim of work was the evaluation of the influence of laser biostimulation on the change of the periodontological pockets depth after the routine conservative periodontological treatment with additional use of laser biostimulation and without it for two groups of pockets: above and below 5 mm. In six patients having periodontitis 613 sites were submitted to the statistic analysis (290 treated conservatively only, including 251 with the depth 2-5 mm and 39 above 5 mm as well as 323 with the use of laser therapy including 297 shallow pockets and 26 deep ones). The initial values of API, SBI, PPD and their changes in the course of the treatment were registered. During each control appointment the patients subjectively estimated periodontal pain occurrence. In both studied groups statistically essential decrease of the evaluated parameters was obtained. Reinforcing the conventional treatment with laser biostimulation shortens its duration and leads to the elimination of pain faster than with the use of conservative treatment only. The changes of the PPD index among the successive examinations were statistically essentially higher in the therapy with the use of laser, especially in relation to deep pockets.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of the effectiveness of the conservative treatment of the periodontal pockets with or without the use of laser biostimulation. 1614 36

According as the loss of mineral bone density (MBD) of peripheral skeleton grows parodontal lesion heaviness increase was demonstrated. Strong negative correlations between API and PBI indices, as well as middle negative correlations between PI index and degree loss of MBD of peripheral skeleton were disclosed. In patients with osteoporosis chronic generalized parodontitis (CGP) was found more frequently when compared with patients not suffering from CGP (41,5 against 12,5% correspondingly).
 ...
PMID:[Parodontal status distinctive features in patients with the loss of mineral density of peripheral skeleton bone tissue]. 1845 21

Regenerative treatment of periodontally damaged teeth is a demanding task. Advantages which comes with use of biomaterials are mainly connected with fact that traditional, surgical treatment protocols often do not lead to bone regeneration. The aim of this research was to evaluate clinical and radiological effectiveness of surgical periodontal treatment (with application of HA-Biocer, Biogramu, Bio-Oss) after eight years prior to surgical protocol. Clinical evaluation consisted of measuring pocket depths with perio probe, than evaluation of API (approximal plaque-index) hygiene index (-). Calculation of modified sulcus bleeding index - SBI (%) by Muhlemann and Son was done. Engelberger, Marthaler and Rateitschak index on xrays was calculated. Routine check up eight years after surgical treatment of periodontitis with use of biomaterials was conducted on 32 patients (20 woman, 12 men). The group of patients was divided into: 28 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), and 4 patients with general aggressive periodontitis (GAP). Eight years after surgical treatment increase of bleeding areas were observed - in all applied biomaterials. For Bio-Oss average percent of SBI 45.2% (+/-24.3), for Biogran 62% (+/- 36.2) and respectively for HA-Biocer 51% (+/-33.2) API index (%) on teeth proximal surfaces was estimated for Biogran 47%, BioOss - 46.5% and for HABiocer 45.6%. Mean pocket depth (mm) has decreased - in case of all applied biomaterials. Radiological index was also calculated. Decrease of index value was stated. Outcomes of 8 years study indicate, decrease of oral hygiene, increase bleeding, decrease of Engelberger, Marthaler, Rateitchak index. It is necessary to perform routine check up of and control on oral hygiene. It seems to be important to mobilize patients to preserve high oral hygiene.
 ...
PMID:Long term evaluation of biomaterial application in surgical treatment of periodontosis. 1907 28

We isolated spore-forming gram-positive aerobic rods from three patients with persistent periapical periodontitis. These cells possessed unique phenotypic characteristics by exhibiting dense meshwork-like structures on their cell surfaces that could be found in a number of biofilm-forming bacteria. We identified these strains as Bacillus subtilis by the API system and 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rRNA) sequencing. Treatment of the meshwork-like structures with protease K and staining with calcofluor for polysaccharides indicated that these structures were polysaccharides in nature and could be essential for biofilm formation by these isolates. Our findings suggest that B. subtilis could form biofilms in periapical periodontitis lesions, and this might contribute to the resistance to treatment resulting in the development of persistent periapical periodontitis observed in these patients. The particular mechanisms for B. subtilis biofilms to develop periapical periodontitis are still unknown. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of biofilms in persistent infections.
 ...
PMID:Identification and characterization of clinically isolated biofilm-forming gram-positive rods from teeth associated with persistent apical periodontitis. 1924 93


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>