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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Previous studies have described an inconsistent histological occurrence of a zone of surface demineralization on periodontitis-affected cementum following treatment with citric acid, and a lack of connective tissue attachment to the latter surfaces. In view of these findings, the purpose of the present study was to use scanning electron microscopy to examine the surface morphology of cementum from normal and periodontitis-affected root surfaces following citric acid treatment for differences in the effects of the demineralizing solution on these surfaces. Cementum surfaces were derived from the roots of extracted human teeth from areas beneath attached periodontal ligament fibers (normal) and calculus deposits (periodontitis-affected). 5 specimens were evaluated in both groups. Periodontal ligament fibers were removed from normal root surfaces with a curette, and calculus deposits were removed from periodontitis-affected root surfaces using an ultrasonic scaler. The resultant 5 specimens in each group were then sectioned in half, one-half serving as the untreated control and the other as the experimental, citric acid treated specimen. Experimental specimens were immersed in a saturated solution of citric acid, pH 1 for 3 min and then rinsed in tap water. Both control and experimental specimens were dehydrated in ethanol, critical-point dried, sputter-coated with gold and examined in the scanning electron microscope for morphological characteristics. Citric acid treatment of cementum from normal root surfaces produced an undulating, markedly fibrillar surface morphology which is consistent with the exposure of a fibrillar, collagen substrate. Periodontitis-affected cementum, however, was not appreciably altered in appearance by the citric acid treatment, having only a faint mat-like surface texture. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Citric acid treatment of periodontitis-affected cementum. A scanning electron microscopic study. 189 52

The effects of combined therapy, including Slavic mud applications, sodium chloride mineral water, and interference currents, on the clinical status and immunologic reactivity parameters (cellular and humoral immunity, natural resistance of the body, nonspecific bacterial allergy) were studied in 50 patients with generalized periodontitis. The results evidence a favorable effect of such therapy on the patients' clinical status and immunologic shifts.
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PMID:[The use of immunological reactivity indices for assessing the efficacy of periodontitis treatment]. 208 12

The technique of iodobromine water irrigations of the oral cavity in periodontitis has been developed to be used at health resorts of Anapa. A total of 4650 patients aged 25 to 52 with periodontitis of varying severity were treated; mineral water irrigations were preceded by removal of dental deposit. The treatment efficacy was assessed by functional methods: electrothermometry and rheography.
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PMID:[The use of iodobromine water on patients with periodontitis at a health resort]. 214 50

In previous studies, elevations in the levels of active and latent collagenase in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) have been correlated positively with periodontal disease activity. To provide a simple diagnostic approach for testing collagenolytic activity, the feasibility of using a 3.0 ml water mouthrinse to collect GCF simultaneously from all sites in the mouth was assessed. Patients with adult periodontitis (AP, n = 23) and local juvenile periodontitis (LJP, n = 7) were sampled before periodontal therapy and some (12 AP, 4 LJP) were also assessed longitudinally after scaling and root planing, administration of antibiotics, and following periodontal surgery. Healthy patients (n = 19) were used as controls. The levels of active collagenase, procollagenase, and collagenase inhibitor activity were determined by functional assays and quantitated after SDS-PAGE and fluorography. Gelatinase and progelatinase were assayed by enzymography on gelatin-substrate gels. Active collagenase levels were found to be significantly higher (14- to 20-fold) in AP and LJP patients compared to controls, whereas matrix metalloproteinase activity was not detected in mouthrinses from edentulous patients. Collagenase inhibitor levels were generally low in all groups of subjects tested. Following clinical treatment the levels of active collagenase and gelatinase were reduced; the reduction was significant for active collagenase after tetracycline treatment and scaling in LJP patients. Of the clinical indices recorded (gingival index, plaque index, and pocket depth) there were no significant correlations with enzyme activity but similar trends were observed between the changes in active collagenase and gingival index. In patients with untreated periodontal disease, collagenase occurred predominantly in the active form. N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and p-aminophenylmercuric acetate (AMPA) were equally effective as activators of the latent collagenase, indicating that the collagenase was derived from PMNs, which were also the source of gelatinase. The results of these studies indicate that measurement of active collagenase and gelatinase in mouthrinse samples is potentially useful in the diagnosis and assessment of periodontal disease activity.
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PMID:Identification of polymorphonuclear leukocyte collagenase and gelatinase activities in mouthrinse samples: correlation with periodontal disease activity in adult and juvenile periodontitis. 217 Jun 17

Treatment of marginal periodontitis may include use of local antibiotics. In the present in vitro study the bioabsorbable materials Surgicel, Tissell, and CollaCote and acrylic strips were examined for release of doxycycline into liquids and residual antibacterial activity of the materials. Pieces of material were incubated in 1 ml of water or human serum which was exchanged every day for 9 days. The concentration of doxycycline in the liquids was measured spectrophotometrically while the residual antibacterial activity of the materials was determined microbiologically. Surgicel constantly showed very high concentrations and level of residual activity. The acrylic strip and CollaCote decreased to low levels of both concentration and residual activity in a few days. Tissell was intermediate with a continuous decrease in concentration but rather high level of residual activity throughout the study. In serum the acrylic strip was partly dissolved and Surgicel was totally dissolved after 2 days. Left undisturbed in serum Surgicel was not dissolved for 2 weeks. These results indicate that Surgicel and Tissel may be capable of prolonged release of doxycycline in vivo.
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PMID:In vitro release of doxycycline from bioabsorbable materials and acrylic strips. 231 19

A 4% alcohol solution of bee glue is suggested to be added to the filler for root-canal filling, besides the traditional treatment of the root canals with bee glue solution. Clinical and x-ray examinations have demonstrated a high efficacy of such technique in acute, exacerbated, and chronic forms of periodontitis. This filler is characterized by an anesthetizing effect; it resolves behind the root canal apex within 3-12 months, is preserved in the root canals, does not stain the tooth crown, promotes regeneration of the bone structures, and prolongs the effect of 0.4% water-alcohol bee glue emulsion.
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PMID:[The treatment of periodontitis with prolonged-action propolis preparations (clinical x-ray research)]. 237 24

Water-free cattle parietal peritoneum was used in surgical treatment of 62 patients with severe periodontitis. Use of xenoperitoneum in multiple-modality treatment of periodontitis was conducive to bone tissue regeneration in bone pockets, to a more rapid recovery of gingival temperature round incisors and molars.
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PMID:[Pathogenetic mechanisms in the treatment of periodontitis using xenogeneic peritoneum]. 238 66

The maxillary teeth of 10 patients with moderately advanced chronic periodontitis were treated in a split-mouth design study. The baseline examination included plaque and bleeding scores, probing depths and probing attachment levels. 2 sites in each quadrant were selected for dark-field microscopic analysis. Each quadrant was randomly assigned to test or control and instrumented with an ultrasonic scaler using either 0.02% chlorhexidine or water as the coolant. Measurements were repeated 2, 6 and 10 weeks later, together with additional plaque sampling. Ultrasonic instrumentation with either chlorhexidine or water was equally effective in reducing bleeding scores and improving probing attachment levels. 42% of chlorhexidine- and 38.7% of water-treated sites showed gains of 1 mm or more in clinical attachment. Mean reductions in probing depth were similar (0.9 mm chlorhexidine, and 0.8 mm water). At the final examination, the chlorhexidine-treated quadrants had significantly more sites with probing depths in the 1-3 mm category and less in the greater than 3 mm category than the control quadrants (P less than 0.05). Both treatments reduced the microscopic counts of motiles and spirochaetes, resulting in a subgingival microbiota consistent with periodontal health. The results indicate that chlorhexidine has a slight adjunctive effect in the reduction of pocket depth when used as a coolant during ultrasonic root planing for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
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PMID:A clinical and microbiological comparison of the effects of water and 0.02% chlorhexidine as coolants during ultrasonic scaling and root planing. 240 33

The prevalence of periodontal diseases has been determined by means of CPITN in 35- to 44-year-olds (N = 330) residing for more than 26 years in an F-optimized water area and compared with samples taken of people of the same age in 14 county towns of the German Democratic Republic (N = 1261) and also the Spremberg district (N = 1,116). A relation with the systemic availability of fluoride could neither be deduced from the frequency of calculus nor the prevalence of periodontitis.
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PMID:[Periodontal disease prevalence (CPITN) in the adults of an F-optimized drinking water area]. 252 24

In 40 white rats the spontaneous parodontitis was induced and the long-lasting effect of a complex of coenzyme vitamins was studied in their water solution daily application to oral mucosa for a month. This normalized the blood acid-base balance, CTK functional activity, activated the NADP-dependent ICDH, increased the tissues oxidative potencies, thus preventing the jaw alveolar processus atrophy.
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PMID:[Normalization of metabolic disorders in periodontitis using a complex of coenzyme vitamins]. 274 84


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