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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of persistent periodontitis was cured by replacement of all silver amalgam restorations. The patient had a history of developing a rash and swelling whenever she used jewelry containing silver. A patch test to silver nitrate was strongly positive.
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PMID:Allergy to silver amalgams. 27 35

THE AIM OF THIS STUDY was to characterize the plaque matrix and relevant aspects of metabolism of the apical border plaque in relation to teeth affected by chronic adult periodontitis. The material comprised 56 teeth from 24 patients. Ruthenium red, alcian blue, lanthanum nitrate, and safranin 0 were used to label matrix polyanionic macromolecules and periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate for intracellular polysaccharide (IPS). The matrix components were amorphous, fibrillar, or globular. Many intact bacteria exhibited extracellular polysaccharides or glycocalyces associated with their cell wall and cytoplasmic IPS granules. The latter varied in size and distribution and were evident even in the most apically-advanced intact microorganisms. The results indicate that the matrix and IPS features of the apical border plaque in chronic periodontitis in certain respects resemble those of subcontact area plaque on children's teeth, associated with chronic gingivitis and approximal caries. They also suggest the establishment of acidic regions in the microniches of the periodontal pocket.
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PMID:The apical border plaque in chronic adult periodontitis. An ultrastructural study. II. Adhesion, matrix, and carbohydrate metabolism. 137 26

The aim of this study was to estimate the concentration of cementum-bound LPS on a group of 12 teeth that had been extracted because of periodontitis. LPS on scaled root surfaces was labelled by immunogold/silver staining. The concentrations of LPS were estimated by quantifying the amount of bound silver label, using X-ray microanalysis in areas free of plaque or calculus. These were compared against standards of known LPS concentration, which were separately prepared for each sample. Cementum-bound LPS was detected at concentrations of up to 2 EU/mm2 of affected root surface. However, most of the root surfaces had considerably lower concentrations than this, the mean of all samples never exceeding 0.7 EU/mm2. LPS concentrations were highest on cementum towards the apical regions of the affected pocket. These findings confirm that cementum-bound LPS is only present in low concentrations on affected teeth, and suggest that the clinical significance of cementum-associated LPS may have been over-estimated in the past. The demonstration of LPS appears to be more important as an indicator of retained bacteria and calculus than of cementum-bound LPS per se.
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PMID:The distribution and quantitation of cementum-bound lipopolysaccharide on periodontally diseased root surfaces of human teeth. 237 84

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) of the gingiva during a period of experimental periodontitis induced by placing a silk ligature below the gingival margin of dog molars. Incorporation of 3H-glucosamine into the gingiva was determined autoradiographically. The gingiva was collected at 0, 7, 21, 60 and 90 days and cultured in vitro in the presence of 3H-glucosamine. The autoradiographs showed a predominantly epithelial location of the silver grains in all gingival epithelia. The location was intercellular in all epithelia. The results suggest greater 3H-glucosamine incorporation by the epithelium compared with the connective tissue and markedly more rapid metabolic turnover of epithelial GAGs.
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PMID:[Autoradiographic studies on the metabolism of gingival glycosaminoglycans in experimental periodontitis]. 263 5

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a synthetic nonporous hydroxyapatite graft material (OrthoMatrix HA-500), a porous replamineform hydroxyapatite graft material (Interpore 200), and a debrided control with respect to defect fill. Twelve adult patients having periodontitis and three similar angular osseous defects as verified by radiographic analysis and clinical probe depths greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. Clinical parameters gathered prior to surgical intervention and at identified postoperative visits included plaque index, probing depth, and standardized radiographic examination. Customized acrylic stents were used as fixed reference guides for the insertion of endodontic silver points to the base of each defect during both initial and 6-month reentry surgeries. A total of 36 defects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment modalities such that 12 defects received OrthoMatrix HA-500, 12 received Interpore 200, and 12 served as debrided controls. Comparison of nonporous hydroxyapatite, porous replamineform hydroxyapatite, and debrided control treatment modalities revealed a statistically significant improvement (P less than 0.05) in the mean per cent of defect resolved in only those sites treated with nonporous hydroxyapatite. Similar positive trends were seen in the sites treated with nonporous hydroxyapatite for mean reentry defect depth and mean defect fill although these were not statistically significant (P greater than 0.05). No other significant differences were noted.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of porous and nonporous hydroxyapatite in the treatment of human periodontal bony defects. 304 Sep 59

The ligature-induced periodontitis model was used in beagle dogs to compare and contrast profiles of crevicular fluid (CF) proteins collected from gingivitis and periodontitis sites. The protein profiles of CF and serum were determined by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) using a silver stain. 2-D PAGE showed that CF contained proteins with molecular weight 16 K or less and many proteins with molecular weights between 64 K and 16 K in the isoelectric pH between approximately 5.8 and 6.8. The number of such proteins was greater in samples collected from the ligated (periodontitis) side compared to the non-ligated (gingivitis) side. Thus, analysis by 2-D PAGE revealed differences between CF samples from gingivitis and ligature-induced periodontitis sites. This study suggests that analysis of human CF by 2-D PAGE may be useful in diagnosis and investigation of the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
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PMID:Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of dog crevicular fluid proteins. 330 89

Using two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis and western blot assay, we analyzed antigenic proteins in Porphyromonas gingivalis uniquely recognized by antibodies in sera of periodontitis subjects. Proteins in the total membrane fraction of P. gingivalis 381 were resolved into at least 70 protein spots by 2D electrophoresis. In the gel stained with silver, the substance around 47 kDa protein on the acidic side (at an isoelectric point of about 4.5) was stained as a smear. Antigenic substances were characterized using purified IgGs from sera of 16 adult periodontitis (AP), 19 rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP) and 14 periodontally healthy volunteers. Western blots demonstrated that 75 kDa protein reacted with IgGs from 75% of AP patients (p < 0.001), the antigenic substance around acidic 47 kDa protein reacted with IgGs from 81.3% of AP (p < 0.01) and 68.4% of RPP patients (p < 0.01) and the acidic 47 kDa protein reacted with 87.5% of AP (p < 0.01) and 78.9% of RPP patients (p < 0.01). The reaction frequency was significantly different from that of the healthy volunteers. Also 51 kDa and 41 kDa proteins reacted with 47 and 43 of 49 IgG samples, respectively. The substance around acidic 47 kDa protein reacted with mouse antiserum to P. gingivalis-LPS. After treatment with pronase or heat, the antigenic reactions disappeared not only from the proteins, but also from the area around the acidic 47 kDa protein. When the fraction was digested with lipase, the antigenic reaction of the area decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Detection of antigenic proteins in Porphyromonas gingivalis using two-dimensional electrophoresis and western blots. 747 99

Localization of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in different areas of subgingival plaque from advanced adult periodontitis patients was studied immunohistochemically using sensitive immunogold-silver staining and immunoelectron microscopy. Fourteen periodontally diseased teeth were extracted without damaging the subgingival plaque, fixed, and embedded. The subgingival plaque samples were sectioned according to four different pocket depths (0-2 mm, 2-4 mm, 4-6 mm and > or = 6 mm). Serial thin sections were stained using specific antisera to P. gingivalis or T. denticola and then with secondary antibody labelled with colloidal-gold. Cells of both P. gingivalis and T. denticola were predominantly found in subgingival plaque located at depths of more than 4 mm in periodontal pockets. T. denticola cells were found in the surface layers of subgingival plaque, and P. gingivalis were predominant beneath them. However, in the deeper subgingival plaque, the coexistence of P. gingivalis and T. denticola was observed. The present findings suggest that P. gingivalis and T. denticola play important roles in the pathogenicity of periodontal disease and provide the useful information for elucidating the pattern of colonization of microorganisms in the periodontal pocket.
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PMID:Distribution of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in human subgingival plaque at different periodontal pocket depths examined by immunohistochemical methods. 749 75

The purpose of the present study was to compare direct light microscopy using a silver stain, with dark field microscopy for differential counting of subgingival plaque samples from patients with periodontitis. The feasibility of using the staining method was assessed on subgingival plaque samples which were collected at 34 sites from patients with untreated adult periodontitis. Differential counts of plaque morphotypes assessed by both methods showed close agreement. The proportions of spirochaetes assessed by both methods were significantly associated with probing depth. The silver stain proved a simple, rapid and inexpensive method for differential counting of plaque composition. This method is suitable for possible use in general dental practice where smears could be made at the chair-side and allowed to dry ready for staining and counting at the dentist's convenience using a simple light microscope. A permanent record is also produced which could allow for comparison of samples from before and after treatment and could be used as an aid to patient motivation in suitable cases.
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PMID:A feasibility study on the use of direct light silver stain compared with dark field microscopy for differential counting of subgingival plaque. 749 76

This study concerns the apical border (AB) plaque in relation to severe forms of periodontitis (SP), including juvenile, post-juvenile, and rapidly progressing periodontitis. Twenty-four (24) teeth from 16 patients with SP were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The AB was not discrete, with islands of bacteria in the so-called plaque-free zone (PFZ). Coronal to the AB the established plaque consisted of a layer of Gram-positive cocci and ghost cells and a superficial layer mainly of Gram-negative morphotypes, including cocci, rods, filaments, fusiforms, and spirochetes. The most apical apparently intact organisms in the PFZ were in bacterial islands or in isolation and were predominantly Gram-negative cocci and rods, with ghost cells in abundance. Ruthenium red, alcian blue-lanthanum nitrate, and safranin O were used to label matrix polyanionic macromolecules, and periodic acid (thiosemicarbazide) silver proteinate for intracellular polysaccharide (IPS). The matrix components were mainly fibrillar. Many intact bacteria exhibited extracellular polysaccharides or glycocalyces associated with their cell wall, and cytoplasmic IPS granules. The latter varied in distribution and were evident even in the most apically advanced intact microorganisms. The results indicate that IPS and some matrix features of the apical border plaque in severe periodontitis in certain aspects resemble those of sub-contact area plaque on children's teeth, in health or associated with early chronic gingivitis, and with those in chronic adult periodontitis. They also suggest the establishment of acidic regions in the microniche at the bottom of the periodontal pocket in the various forms of periodontitis differing in rate of progression. It was concluded that there was a limited range of intact bacterial morphotypes in the apical border plaque in severe periodontitis, similar to those in chronic adult periodontitis.
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PMID:The apical border plaque in severe periodontitis. An ultrastructural study. 753 28


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