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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oral Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains have been classified into five serotypes. The aim of this study was to determine the compositions of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype d- and e- specific antigens. The serodistribution of clinical isolates from the patients with periodontitis were also investigated. Serotype-specific polysaccharide antigens of A. actinomycetemcomitans IDH 781 (serotype d) and OMZ 534 (serotype e) were extracted from whole cells by autoclaving. The extracts were purified by chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Sephacryl S-300HR columns. The serotype d antigen was composed of rhamnose (17.1%), mannose (45.5%), galactose (2.0%) and glucose (35.5%). On the other hand, the serotype e antigen was composed of rhamnose (23.9%), mannose (29.1%), galactose (11.0%), glucose (13.5%) and unidentified sugar (22.5%). Immunodiffusion tests revealed that the purified polysaccharide antigen form a single precipitin line with the corresponding rabbit antiserum. A total of 157 A. actinomycetemcomitans clinical isolates from diseased sites of 39 patients with periodontitis were serotyped by using serotype-specific rabbit antisera against A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype a, b, c, d and e strains. In the immunodiffusion assay, the autoclaved extracts of 42, 12, 34, 8 and 41 A. actinomycetemcomitans clinical isolates reacted with serotype a, b, c, d and e antisera, respectively. These findings indicate that the extraction of serotype antigens by autoclaving is useful and definite for the serotyping of A. actinomycetemcomitans clinical isolates.
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PMID:[Purification of serotype d-- and e--specific antigens from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and seroclassification of clinical isolates from periodontal patients]. 872 65

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative capnophilic coccobacillus that has been implicated in the etiology of certain forms of early-onset periodontitis as well as non-oral infections, mostly bacterial endocarditis. Five distinct serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans have been described. Although the O-polysaccharide (O-PS) of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to define the serologic specificity for this species, only the structure of the O-PS of serotype b has been characterized. The focus of the current study was to define the structures of the O-PS of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes a, c, d and e. Structure determination was accomplished through the use of methylation, periodate oxidation, and one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR methods. The O-PS of A. actinomycetemcomitans (OMZ-542) serotype d had [alpha]D +15 degrees and was composed of D-glucose, D-mannose and L-rhamnose (L-Rha) in a molar ratio of 1:2:1. Methylation, periodate oxidation, and two-dimensional 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR studies showed that the antigenic O-PS was a high-molecular-mass polymer composed of repeating tetrasaccharide units with the structure: [formula: see text] The O-PS of the LPS produced by A. actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 29523) serotype a had [alpha]D +150 degrees and was found to contain 6-deoxy-D-talose (6dTalp) and O-acetyl (2:1) and was a high-molecular-mass polymer composed of O-acetyl-substituted repeating disaccharide units with the structure: [formula: see text] The O-PS of the LPS of A. actinomycetemcomitans (SUNY 67) serotype c had [alpha]D -170 degrees and was composed of 6-deoxy-L-talose and O-acetyl (2:1). Structural analysis showed that the O-PS was a high-molecular-mass polymer of repeating disaccharide units with the structure: [formula: see text] The O-PS of the LPS of A. actinomycetemcomitans (OMZ 534) serotype e had [alpha]D +57 degrees and was composed of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose and L-rhamnose (1:1) and by chemical and NMR analysis was found to be a polymer of repeating disaccharide units with the structure: -->4)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->.
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PMID:Structures of the antigenic O-polysaccharides of lipopolysaccharides produced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotypes a, c, d and e. 902 97

Strong phospholipase A (PLA) and phospholipase C (PLC) activities as potential virulence factors are the outstanding characteristics of eight strains of small oral spirochaetes isolated from deep periodontal lesions. By qualitative dot-blot DNA-DNA hybridization and 16S rDNA sequence comparison, these spirochaetes form a distinct phylogenetic group, with Treponema maltophilum as its closest cultivable relative. Growth of these treponemes, cells of which contain two endoflagella, one at each pole, was autoinhibited by the PLA-mediated production of lysolecithin unless medium OMIZ-Pat was prepared without lecithin. N-Acetylglucosamine was essential and D-ribose was stimulatory for growth. All isolates were growth-inhibited when 1% foetal calf serum was added to the medium. Growth on agar plates supplemented with human erythrocytes produced haemolysis. In addition to PLA and PLC, the new isolates displayed strong activities of alkaline and acid phosphatases, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and sialidase, intermediate activities of C4- and C8-esterases, naphthol phosphohydrolase and alpha-fucosidase and a distinctive 30 kDa antigen detectable on Western blots. This phenotypically and genotypically homogeneous group is proposed as a novel species, Treponema lecithinolyticum sp. nov., with isolate OMZ 684T designated as the type strain. A molecular epidemiological analysis using a T. lecithinolyticum-specific probe showed this organism to be associated with affected sites when compared with unaffected sites of periodontitis patients. This association was more pronounced in patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis than in those with adult periodontitis.
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PMID:Treponema lecithinolyticum sp. nov., a small saccharolytic spirochaete with phospholipase A and C activities associated with periodontal diseases. 1055 10

Small oral spirochaetes with a strict dependence on either glucuronic acid (GluA) or galacturonic acid (GalA) were isolated from European patients with periodontitis and from Chinese patients with either gingivitis or acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG). Thirteen such isolates were similar phenotypically to Treponema pectinovorum ATCC 33768T and this classification was confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing. However, four isolates differed from T. pectinovorum by their small cell size, by a prominent beta-glucuronidase activity, by a distinct protein and antigen profile, by an inability to grow on pectin as sole source of carbohydrate and by a markedly enhanced growth rate when supplied with a second carbohydrate (L-arabinose, D-galactose, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, pectin, D-ribose or D-xylose) in addition to the essential GluA/GalA. By 16S rRNA sequencing these four isolates clustered in the recently described phylotype 'Smibert-2'. T. pectinovorum (14 strains) and 'Smibert-2' (four isolates with beta-glucuronidase activity) could each be subdivided into two serotypes based on immunoblot reactivity with two mAbs. Representatives of the two groups, including T. pectinovorum ATCC 33768T, showed a 1:2:1-type periplasmic flagellar arrangement. 'Smibert-2' is described as a novel species, Treponema parvum sp. nov., with isolate OMZ 833T (= ATCC 700770T) proposed as the type strain and OMZ 842 (= ATCC 700773) as reference strain for a second serotype.
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PMID:Treponema parvum sp. nov., a small, glucoronic or galacturonic acid-dependent oral spirochaete from lesions of human periodontitis and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. 1141 20

So far, little phenotypic heterogeneity has been detected in cultured oral treponemes with trypsin-like proteolytic activity, and all have been assigned to the species Treponema denticola. However, comparisons of protein patterns and antigen expression in our collection of proteolytic oral treponemes occasionally identified isolates with a unique phenotype; e.g. strain OMZ 830 (=ATCC 700768), which qualified as a 'pathogen-related oral spirochaete' due to the presence of a approximately 37 kDa protein reactive with the Treponema pallidum FlaA-specific mAb H9-2. In addition to such single isolates, a homogeneous group of seven independent strains is described that were highly motile, medium-sized, proteolytic but asaccharolytic spirochaetes and were cultured from human gingivitis, periodontitis and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in medium OMIZ-Pat supplemented with 1% human serum and antibiotics. Growth of these spirochaetes in OMIZ-Pat was not dependent on, but was stimulated by, human or bovine serum. Carbohydrates were neither required nor stimulatory for growth. The protein and antigen patterns of total cell extracts of these organisms separated by SDS-PAGE were distinct from those of all previously cultured spirochaetes, with highest similarity to T. denticola. The novel spirochaete has a 2 : 4 : 2 arrangement of the periplasmic flagella, similar to T. denticola. However, the flagellin pattern as detected by immunostaining or glycan staining of Western blots readily distinguished the novel group from T. denticola. Also, distinct from reference strains of T. denticola, none of the novel isolates displayed sialidase or dentilisin activities, both of which are expressed by most strains of T. denticola. Trypsin-like activity and other enzymes as detected by API ZYM test were similar to those of T. denticola. The status of a novel species is supported by the 16S rRNA gene sequence, with 98.5% similarity to its closest cultured relative, T. denticola. The name Treponema putidum sp. nov. is proposed (type strain OMZ 758T=ATCC 700334T=CIP 108088T).
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PMID:Treponema putidum sp. nov., a medium-sized proteolytic spirochaete isolated from lesions of human periodontitis and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. 1528 Feb 79

Host-associated treponeme bacteria play etiological roles in human and animal soft tissue infections. Treponema sp. strain OMZ 804 (ATCC 700766) was isolated from dental plaque sampled from a patient with periodontitis in Switzerland in 1994. We report here the complete genome sequence of its 2.98-Mb circular chromosome.
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PMID:Complete Genome Sequence of Human Oral Phylogroup 1 Treponema sp. Strain OMZ 804 (ATCC 700766), Originally Isolated from Periodontitis Dental Plaque. 3246 86