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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The use of sheep as a suitable animal model of destructive forms of human periodontal disease has been assessed from comparative radiological, histological, and serological investigations of sheep with and without periodontal disease. The results showed that, in sheep with periodontitis, bone resorption, collagen breakdown, degradation of blood capillary vessel walls, cellular infiltration of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and epithelial infiltration were significantly greater than in sheep without periodontitis, and the features are similar to those in rapidly destructive forms of periodontal disease in man. The levels of serum IgG antibody reactive against B. gingivalis antigens (measured by ELISA) were significantly higher in sheep with periodontitis than those without, similar to the association reported in some types of human periodontal diseases. These findings suggest that periodontitis in sheep could represent a suitable animal experimental model for certain types of rapidly destructive human periodontal diseases.
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PMID:Periodontitis in sheep: a model for human periodontal disease. 273 34

Clinico-experimental studies of a new collagen derivative are presented. Experimental investigation in 30 rats showed the substance to promote wound healing. It also proved efficient in the five-years clinical follow-up of 254 patients after 441 surgical interventions (generalized periodontitis).
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PMID:[Clinico-experimental research on the use of collagen in periodontal disease]. 277 51

The ultrastructure of the matrix of the sheep central incisor periodontium showing clinical signs of severe periodontitis was analysed quantitatively. The distribution of collagen fibril diameters in the lower dental pad changed from a bimodal distribution seen in healthy periodontia to a unimodal distribution. Collagen fibrils with an abnormal morphology were seen in the connective tissue adjacent to the crest of the alveolar bone. These results suggest that the deepening periodontal pocket resulting from inflammation removes the major area of support for the tooth and abnormal loads are applied to fibres deeper within the tissue.
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PMID:Effects of inflammatory periodontal disease ('broken mouth') on the ultrastructure of collagen fibrils in the sheep incisor periodontium. 279 71

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the duration of therapeutic effect after administration of the collagen film immobilized tetracycline (TC film). TC film or tetracycline non-immobilized placebo film was applied one time to the periodontal pocket (greater than or equal to 4 mm) of five periodontitis patients (20 teeth). The clinical and microbiological effects are summarized as follows: The group that received TC film continued to show significantly low values for bleeding upon probing the pocket depth for 3 and 4 weeks, respectively, after administration, but there was no significant difference in the plaque index or gingival index when compared with the group that received a placebo film. In the TC film group, the density of microorganisms and the proportion of motile rods and spirochetes were also significantly decreased 3 weeks after administration. These findings suggest that topically administered TC film remains both clinically and bacteriologically effective for 2 to 3 weeks.
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PMID:Subgingival administration of tetracycline on a collagen film. 281 9

We examined in vitro the inhibitory effects of ovomacroglobulin on collagenolytic activity in Bacteroides gingivalis (B. gingivalis) culture supernatant, in human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN), and in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from periodontitis patients. Measurement of collagenolytic activity was conducted with a CollagenoKit CLN-100 using FITC-conjugated type I collagen. The FITC-conjugated collagen was reacted with the sample in solution, and the residue was selectively degenerated at 35 degrees C and removed with ethanol. The fluorescence of the removed residue was then measured. The collagenolytic activity from B. gingivalis displayed dose dependent inhibition as high as 81.4% following addition of ovomacroglobulin at 224 micrograms/ml. The collagenolytic activity from human peripheral blood PMN showed, as a result of addition of 1,600 micrograms/ml of ovomacroglobulin, inhibition as high as 62.4%. The collagenolytic activity from human GCF, which was obtained from patients with different degrees of periodontal disease, exhibited as high as 71.0% inhibition after addition of 1,600 micrograms/ml ovomacroglobulin. Ovomacroglobulin showed almost the same level of inhibition obtained from alpha 2-macroglobulin, which was measured as a positive control. It was also recognized by SDS-PAGE that collagenolytic activity was inhibited after preincubation with added ovomacroglobulin. This collagenolytic activity, which dissolved the collagen substrate, was derived from B. gingivalis and human GCF. The above results demonstrate that ovomacroglobulin inhibits collagenolytic activity from B. gingivalis, human PMN, and human GCF.
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PMID:[The inhibitory effects of chicken ovomacroglobulin on collagenolytic activity in Bacteroides gingivalis culture supernatant, human PMN and human gingival crevicular fluid]. 307 3

Although it has been documented that exogenous antigens of microbial origin are involved in the induction of the local inflammatory responses in human adult periodontitis (AP), endogenous antigens may contribute to the chronicity of this common disease. In this study, we used the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) test to enumerate antibody-secreting cells to human collagen Types I-VI by cells isolated from the gingivae and peripheral blood of AP patients. Analyses of dissociated cells from gingivae of 39 AP patients revealed the presence of high numbers of cells that secrete antibodies to Type I collagen, and to a lesser extent, Type III. Although the majority of such cells produced specific antibodies of the IgG class, IgA- and IgM- anti-collagen -secreting cells were also detected. When compared to the total antibody-producing cells, the numbers of cells forming specific antibodies to collagen Type I were surprisingly high. In contrast, anti-collagen antibody-producing cells were rarely detected in the peripheral blood of patients with adult periodontal disease and only low levels of anti-collagen antibodies were present in the serum. The finding of local production of anti-collagen antibodies in AP suggests that autoimmunity may contribute to the pathogenesis of this common disease.
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PMID:Autoimmunity to collagen in adult periodontal disease. 315 Apr 32

The purpose of this study was to characterize histologically the gingival lesion associated with suppuration in advanced periodontitis. Thirty-three bleeding, suppurating (S) and 23 bleeding, nonsuppurating (NS) interproximal biopsies were obtained from nine patients and processed for light microscopy. Pocket depths (mean +/- SD) were 6.7 +/- 1.6 mm (S) and 5.4 +/- 2.2 mm (NS). Six-micron serial sections were stained with (1) hematoxylin/eosin and (2) van Gieson. Quantitative cell types were determined by a grid intersection counting technique at x 1000. Volumetric analysis of collagen-poor (inflammation) areas was conducted using a computer biometric system that revealed three histologic patterns: Type I sites showed mild to moderate inflammation (less than 50% infiltrate, S = 15, NS = 20); Type II sites showed intense inflammation (greater than 50% infiltrate, S = 17, NS = 3); and only one (S) site had a large connective tissue abscess (Type III). The mean percentage of collagen-poor area was significantly larger in suppurating (42.1 +/- 25.5%) versus nonsuppurating (27.7 +/- 20.4%) sites (P = 0.02). In both S and NS sites, plasma cells (means = 66%) and lymphocytes (means = 27%) predominated in the inflammatory infiltrates. Histologically, suppuration appeared to be associated with increased gingival inflammation and a slight increase in connective tissue neutrophils.
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PMID:Histological characteristics associated with suppurating periodontal pockets. 326 72

Invasion of periodontal tissues by different bacterial morphotypes has been reported in human periodontitis; however, limited information is available as to prevalence, localization and the bacterial species involved. The present study determined prevalence and gingival localization of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans in periodontal lesions of juvenile periodontitis patients. Thirty-five gingival biopsies were obtained from 12 juvenile periodontitis patients at the time of periodontal therapy. One additional control biopsy was obtained from each of two adult periodontally healthy subjects, one adult periodontitis patient and one periodontally healthy monkey (Macaca fosibolius). The biopsies were carefully processed to avoid mechanical introduction of bacteria into the tissues and were examined using light and electron microscopy. Rabbit antisera specific for the three A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes were used for immunofluorescence microscopic localization of A. actinomycetemcomitans antigens in the gingival sections. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed A. actinomycetemcomitans specific antigens in the gingival tissues of 11 of the 12 juvenile patients examined. None of the control specimens showed evidence of A. actinomycetemcomitans antigens in the gingival connective tissue. One specimen from a periodontally healthy subject and the monkey biopsy, however, showed A. actinomycetemcomitans antigens in bacterial plaque on the surface of the crevicular epithelium. Transmission electron microscopic examination showed microcolonies of small gram-negative rods in the connective tissue, as well as single bacterial cells between collagen fibers and in areas of cell debris. In addition to these extracellular bacterial cells, evidence of bacterial cells was also found within gingival connective tissue phagocytic cells. The data from the present study suggest that the gingival tissue in juvenile periodontitis lesions harbors A. actinomycetemcomitans.
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PMID:Tissue localization of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in human periodontitis. I. Light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopic studies. 330 56

Serum IgG antibodies to collagen were investigated by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with chronic periodontal disease. Patients with varying forms of periodontal disease including gingivitis, juvenile periodontitis, and adult periodontitis were compared with the normal subjects. The mean serum IgG levels of ELISA antibodies to native type I or III collagen in patients with juvenile periodontitis were significantly higher than those of the normal subjects, but no difference was found between the patients with either gingivitis or adult periodontitis and the normal subjects. In addition, the mean serum IgG levels of ELISA antibodies to denatured type I or III collagen in patients with juvenile or adult periodontitis were significantly higher than those of the normal subjects. These findings suggest that antibodies to native and denatured type I or III collagen may be associated with different forms or severities of periodontal disease, especially advanced periodontal destruction.
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PMID:Serum antibodies to native and denatured type I and III collagen in patients with periodontal disease. 340 8

This study investigates bacterial invasion of the soft tissue walls of deep pockets from cases with adult (AP) and juvenile periodontitis (JP). Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine pocket soft tissue walls removed from extracted teeth from 5 patients with AP and 2 patients with JP. Bacteria were sparse throughout the epithelium and connective tissue, regardless of the level of tissue breakdown. However many inflammatory cells were seen, and these did appear to be located in regions of marked collagen loss. Accumulations of large numbers of bacteria were extremely rare and found only on the epithelial surface or in artefactual spaces within the deeper tissues. The findings indicate that the tissue destruction associated with periodontitis is not directly related to bacterial invasion. The sparse organisms within the pocket tissues probably result from passive entry rather than an invasive action. Under these circumstances, it would seem reasonable to suggest that bacterial metabolic products rather than the micro-organisms themselves penetrate the tissues in periodontitis.
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PMID:Bacterial penetration of pocket soft tissues in chronic adult and juvenile periodontitis cases. An ultrastructural study. 346 25


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