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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It seems to be generally agreed that periodontal disease is a local manifestation of a systemic immune response. Interleukin-1 (IL-1), which has multiple biologic activities, is detected in the gingival sulcus fluid of periodontitis sites. Recent investigations have revealed that IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are analogous to osteoclast activating factor and promote bone resorption. These findings have suggested the possibility that IL-1 and TNF may play a significant role in the initiation and development of periodontal disease. However, it remains to be determined whether these cytokines influence periodontal tissue breakdown in periodontitis. To elucidate the mechanisms of tissue breakdown in periodontitis, we examined cytokine production by human periodontitis gingival tissue. Twelve periodontitis patients were included in this study. Control subjects with healthy periodontium consisted of nine individuals. Gingival samples were biopsied from inflamed or healthy gingival tissues. Biopsy specimens were dissected into fragments 3 mm in diameter and plated onto 24 well culture plates with RPMI 1640 medium. IL-1 activity was measured by a growth inhibition assay using melanoma cell line A 375. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA) was used for measuring levels of human IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta. TNF alpha activity was measured by a growth inhibition assay using cell line LM2D6. IL-1 activity was detected in significantly (p less than 0.001) higher levels in culture supernatants from gingival tissues in periodontitis (48.0 +/- 23.3 units/ml) than in control tissues (2.3 +/- 0.6 units/ml), however, levels of IL-1 activity were not associated with periodontal pocket depth or extent of alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi 1989 Sep
PMID:[Study of cytokine production in inflamed human gingival tissues in periodontitis. Interleukin-1 (IL-1 alpha, beta) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha)]. 248 32

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between clinical findings and subgingival microbial flora in periodontitis. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In a phase-contrast microscopic study, no correlation was found between the clinical findings, total bacteria or proportional distribution of spirochetes or motile rods in the periodontal pocket. 2. Anaerobic incubation revealed no correlation between clinical findings, total bacteria or proportional distribution of black-pigmented Bacteroides in the periodontal pocket.
Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi 1989 Sep
PMID:[Relationship between clinical findings and subgingival microbial flora in periodontitis (1)]. 248 35

The purpose of this study was to clinically and microbiologically evaluate the effects of supragingival plaque control, scaling and root planing on periodontal therapy. Six patients affected with moderate or severe periodontitis were selected. The clinical status of each patient was recorded with such clinical parameters as probing pocket depth (PD), probing attachment level (PAL), gingival crevicular fluid flow (GCF), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), suppurative index (SI), and mobility (Mo). After the patients had learned to perform their own oral prophylaxis, they were treated by scaling and root planing. Microbiological status was assessed by phase contrast microscopy and bacterial forms were classified into following six groups: coccoid cells, rods, filaments, fusiforms, motile rods, spirochetes. The number and the relative proportion of each group were compared statistically. Clinical and microbiological status from baseline to 5 months after scaling and root planing were re-examined. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The most significant change in clinical and microbiological status was observed one month after scaling and root planing. In particular, the total number of the microorganisms and the number and relative proportion of motile organisms were reduced. 2. Thereafter clinical and microbiological status was maintained during experimental period by means of supragingival plaque control.
Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi 1989 Sep
PMID:[Effects of scaling and root planing on clinical parameters and bacterial flora in periodontal pockets. 1. Changes in clinical parameters and subgingival bacterial flora after treatment]. 248 36

The purpose of this study was to compare differences in pocket reduction rate between different tooth types and sites after initial treatment. Forty-one adult periodontitis patients (mean age 40.8) whose O'Leary plaque records during initial treatment were maintained at a level of less than 10% (mean level 9.02 +/- 4.93%) were selected for this study. A total of 5983 surfaces were monitored by recording probing pocket depths (P.P.D.). The results obtained were as follows. 1. Significant probing pocket depth reduction was obtained following initial treatment (P less than 0.001). 2. Significantly improved teeth were 421/124 (p less than 0.001), 5/5 and 53/35 (p less than 0.05), and 32/23 (p less than 0.05). Deep residual P.P.D. were observed in 1/1, 6/6, 7/7, 6/6 and 7/7 (p less than 0.001), and 2/2 and 3/3 (p less than 0.05). 3. Response to treatment by tooth type was favorable in 54/45 and 431/134 and was poor in 71/17, 7/7. 4. Mandibular residual pocket depths were much deeper on proximal surfaces than on the mid-facial and lingual surfaces. Maxillary pockets on palatal surfaces were significant deeper than on facial ones. 5. Poor response to treatment was treatment was observed on the mesio-palatal surfaces (p less than 0.001), mid-palatal surfaces (p less than 0.01) of 6/6 (p less than 0.001), the distolingual surfaces of 7/7, and 7/7 (p less than 0.001), and the mesio-palatal surfaces of 1/1 (p less than 0.05). Favorable responses were observed on the disto-buccal and the id-palatal surface of 4/4 (p less than 0.05), mesio-distal buccal surfaces of 5/5 (p less than 0.05) and mesio-lingual surfaces of 4/4 (p less than 0.05). This results clearly indicate which tooth types and root surfaces must be paid careful attention to during treatment.
Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi 1989 Sep
PMID:[Pocket reduction after initial treatment in relation to tooth type and site]. 248 40

Serum antibody titers to lipopolysaccharide from Bacteroides intermedius (B. intermedius) and Bacteroides gingivalis (B. gingivalis) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples from subjects with healthy gingiva and patients with periodontitis. The IgG antibody titers to LPS from B. gingivalis were significantly higher in the patients group, compared with healthy controls. No such difference was found between IgG activity to LPS from B. intermedius in the healthy and the periodonitis. Likewise, no significant difference in specific IgA level was found between the group with healthy gingiva and the patients group, both in LPS from B. intermedius and B. gingivalis. The IgM antibody levels to LPS from B. intermedius and B. gingivalis were low in subjects of patients and controls.
Nichidai Koko Kagaku 1989 Sep
PMID:[IgG, IgA and IgM serum antibodies against lipopolysaccharide from Bacteroides intermedius in periodontal health and disease]. 248 7

A study on the structure of human natural dental plaque on the mesial surface of normal teeth, gingivitis teeth, periodontitis teeth, juvenile periodontitis teeth and carious teeth was carried out using scanning electron microscopy. The aim of this study was to contrast their mutual structure characteristics. From this investigation it can be concluded that 1. the structure and microbial composition of the dental plaque differs markedly in normal teeth, periodontally diseased teeth and carious teeth. 2. the significant higher proportion of spirochetes in subgingival plaque plays an active role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. 3. the results of this study also point out that the pathogenic agents and pathogenesis differ in gingivitis, periodontitis, juvenile periodontitis and caries.
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1989 Sep
PMID:[Observations on human natural dental plaque associated with normal, periodontally diseased and carious teeth by scanning electron microscopy]. 251 34

The prevalence of periodontitis was studied in a population of 157 insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients aged 8-78 years attending the outpatients diabetic clinic of a large general hospital in Cork, Ireland. Every third diabetic patient attending the clinic was selected for examination. The dental parameters measured were plaque index (PI), gingivitis index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PD) and periodontal attachment loss (PAL). Diabetic control was measured by estimating percentage haemoglobin glycolysation (% Hb Alc) known duration of diabetes (KDD) and insulin dependence. It was found that none of the diabetic measurements showed any consistent pattern in relation to any of the periodontal measurements. The findings are in agreement with other studies which suggest that no significant correlation between diabetic parameters and periodontal disease can be demonstrated. When the diabetic patient suffered periodontitis it was due to factors (such as genetic predisposition) other than impaired glucose metabolism.
J Periodontal Res 1989 Sep
PMID:Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease in an Irish population. 253 53

In any longitudinal study of periodontitis, it is important to determine when change in probing depth or clinical attachment level occurs as soon as possible. In this study, simulation was used to compare three statistical methods for detecting change in linear periodontal measurement under a variety of conditions including type of change, number of follow-up visits, magnitude of linear measurement and examiner variance. The statistical methods included: 1) testing the slope of a regression line, 2) a comparison of running medians and 3) the cumulative sum (cusum) method. Three types of change and random examiner error were imposed on baseline linear measurements. The types of change included a gradual change, a burst, and rapid loss followed by regeneration. The results indicated that all three methods yielded similar results when the change was gradual. However, the regression line was less sensitive to bursts of change than the other methods. Overestimation of examiner error for the running median and cusum methods increased specificity and decreased sensitivity. Underestimation of examiner variance decreased specificity and increased sensitivity of the cusum and running median methods, while the regression was unaffected by estimates of examiner variance. If preventive or therapeutic action does not need to be taken immediately, either the running median or the cusum would be a good choice for detecting change. If immediate intervention is needed, the cusum appears to be the method of choice for detecting change at specific sites in longitudinal periodontal studies.
J Periodontal Res 1989 Sep
PMID:Detection of longitudinal change in periodontitis. 253 58

Granulated artificial bone implant materials such as hydroxyapatite (HAP) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) have been frequently used in attempts to restore periodontal tissue lost as a result periodontitis. However, these materials are considered insufficient for the maintenance and stability of granules at sites losing bone, for active bone formation, or for periodontal ligament regeneration. We have now developed a complex consisting of HAP or TCP coated with atelocollagen (which has recently received attention as a biomaterial) and have conducted experiments to determine the effects of this material on the reconstruction of periodontal tissue. Implantations were performed using a HAP-atelocollagen complex, TCP-atelocollagen complex, HAP and TCP at three-wall bone defect sites in experimentally-induced periodontitis in dogs. A control group without the implants was included in the study. Histopathological observations were conducted 2, 4 and 12 weeks after surgery. Compared with the control group, the groups implanted with the complex displayed enhanced maintenance and stability of granules, suppression of epithelial downgrowth, and acceleration of new bone and cementum formation. These results indicate that the implant method using an atelocollagen-coated artificial bone implant material would be useful for periodontal surgical treatment, eliminating some of the disadvantages of conventional implant methods.
Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi 1989 Sep
PMID:[Effect of periodontal regeneration using collagen-coated synthetic bone implant materials. Histopathological study]. 256 66

Between 1950 and 1986, 11,839 patients were ambulant and stationary treated with odontogenous soft-tissue infections. In the aetiology the Periodontitis apicalis and wounds after tooth extractions are in the highest position. Odontogenous infections were rearly found in tenderage. In ambulant patients the subperiosteal submucous localisation was predominated, in stationary the position near the border of the lower jaw. The first molar and the premolares were the chief cause of the infections.
Stomatol DDR 1989 Sep
PMID:[Epidemiology of odontogenous soft-tissue infections]. 263


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