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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of the predominant subgingival microflora was carried out in 24 periodontitis patients, 18 to 60 years of age, in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Paper point sampling, transport in VMGA III, and conventional microbiological techniques were utilized. Direct microscopic examination revealed that cocci and nonmotile organisms made up 85% of the total organisms and spirochetes as little as 3%. Nonselective culturing showed Gram-negative organisms to constitute 53% of total isolates. Fusobacterium nucleatum averaged 15%, black-pigmented anaerobes 7%, and Peptostreptococcus micros 10% of the cultivable microflora. Enteric rods and acinetobacter species were recovered from 16 patients and comprised 23% of the cultivable flora. Enterobacter cloacae occurred in 8 patients, Klebsiella oxytoca in 3 patients, and 7 other species in 10 patients. Parallel studies have found a significantly lower prevalence of enteric rods in advanced periodontitis patients in the USA. In conclusion, fewer spirochetes and markedly more enteric rods seem to inhabit adult periodontitis lesions in Santo Domingo patients compared to those in USA. High levels of subgingival enteric rods in periodontitis patients in Santo Domingo may have important prophylactic and therapeutic implications.
J Periodontol 1991 Sep
PMID:Subgingival microflora of advanced periodontitis in the Dominican Republic. 165 90

MICROBIOLOGICAL TESTING IS BECOMING an adjunct to the diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal patients. However, choosing which sites and how many sites among the many available in most patients is difficult. A study of 22 periodontitis patients was undertaken to attempt to provide some guidelines to these issues. All mesiobuccal sites along with sites with 4 mm or greater probing depth were sampled with endodontic points and analyzed by DNA probes for P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and A. actinomycetemcomitans. The data suggest that sites with the deepest probing depths and sites that bleed on probing were most likely to harbor these pathogenic species. Using these clinical criteria, an approximation of the number of sites required for sampling was suggested.
J Periodontol 1991 Sep
PMID:Site selection criteria for microbiological testing of periodontal microorganisms. 165 92

Collagenolytic activity (CA) in cervical fluid of patients with inflammation of periodontium was increased with increasing activity of the pathological process. Enhanced CA in patients with severe forms of periodontitis is probably due to depletion of endogenous inhibitors and to the transition of the latent collagenase to its active form. Studies of the effect of EDTA, PMSF and PCMB on CA show that proteinases are an essential factor in inflammation of periodontium.
Biull Eksp Biol Med 1991 Sep
PMID:[Proteinases as a pathogenetic factor in inflammatory processes in periodontal tissues]. 166 Jul 39

7 vertical lesions at 7 teeth in 3 adults with severe periodontitis were treated using open surgical debridement, porous hydroxyapatite grafts and placement of a barrier membrane. Roots were notched at both gingival margins and deepest visible calculus. Flaps were sutured coronally and patients were placed on 0.12% chlorohexidine gluconate twice daily for 2 weeks, post-surgery. Patients returned frequently for plaque control until block removal at 16 to 28 weeks post-surgery. 1 additional block was harvested after 28 weeks. The latter site received root planing only and closed by epithelial adhesion. In the 7 experimental sites, clinical responses were uneventful, and gain in clinical closure varied from 1.7 to 5.0 mm (average = 3.6 mm). Histologically, 2 sites exhibited closure by a long junctional epithelium. The remaining 5 sites showed gingival recession to be apical to the calculus notch or the calculus notch to be epithelialized. However, apical to the notch and within the osseous crater, cellular cementum deposition was marked as was increased bone mass. The increase in bone mass was the result of osteogenesis within the surrounding graft particles which often fused with osseous seams of the crater. A functionally-oriented PDL was seen usually at these sites.
J Clin Periodontol 1991 Sep
PMID:Human intrabony lesion responses to debridement, porous hydroxyapatite implants and teflon barrier membranes. 7 histologic case reports. 166 99

In June 1991, practicing, research, and academic dentists attended a symposium on oral research and dental treatment in HIV infection at Guy's Hospital in London, England. Oral lesions in HIV infection were classified as strongly associated, probably associated, and possibly associated with HIV infection. A speaker stressed that those strongly associated with HIV infection should be of the most interest to general dental practitioners. Another speaker said that chronic erythematous candidiasis has emerged as an oral infection strongly associated with HIV infection in addition to pseudomembranous candidiasis. A dentist mentioned hairy leukoplakia as a new condition strongly associated with HIV infection. Other HIV associated periodontal disease included gingivitis, necrotizing gingivitis, and periodontitis. A speaker noted that AZT increases longevity of AIDS patients and the drugs dideoxyinosine and dideooxycytidine are being tested. Another dentist spoke about the issue of HIV infected dentists citing the example of the dentist in Florida who infected 5 patients. Other speakers addressed the cases and needs of asymptomatic HIV infected people. A survey of dentists showed that only 33% of dentists would provide dental care to HIV infected people and only 20% would if the patients had AIDS. A dentist addressed the problem of a lack of data on prevention and treatment of oral lesions since their etiology and pathogenesis were unknown. Other presentations focused on research on antibodies and DNA probes in reference to saliva and subgingival flora. The symposium revealed the ran ge and depth of research going on in British schools on oral manifestations of HIV infection.
Br Dent J 1991 Sep 07
PMID:Oral research and dental treatment in HIV infection. 168 36

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated gingivitis (HIV-G) and HIV-associated periodontitis (HIV-P) are two intraoral lesions manifested by patients with HIV infection. Periodontal indices were measured for 87 subjects in 5 study groups: HIV-seropositive patients with healthy periodontium (HIV-H), with HIV-G, or with HIV-P; and non-HIV-infected subjects with healthy periodontium (H) or with adult chronic periodontitis (P). The quantitative clinical parameters were compared and statistically significant intergroup differences were noted. The mean scores on PI and PD do not discriminate between HIV-seropositive and non-HIV-infected seronegative cohorts, but a significant difference in the GI between HIV-H and H was noted. When categories of PD and AL are examined, some differences become apparent. Generally, the PD and AL of HIV-P are not as great as those of P. PI correlates well with GI (r = 0.86) in P, but does not (r = 0.33) in HIV-P. In addition, the occurrence of selected putative periodontopathic bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, spirochetes, and motile eubacteria) in these lesions was determined by brightfield (after staining), darkfield and immunofluorescent microscopy. No difference in microbiological profile in the bacterial groups monitored was found between P and HIV-P. Spirochetes were found to be more abundant than P. gingivalis in the lesions of P and HIV-P. In marked contrast, P. gingivalis was found to be in highest numbers in samples from the gingival crevice of H as determined by indirect immunofluorescence.
J Periodontol 1991 Sep
PMID:Clinical documentation and occurrence of putative periodontopathic bacteria in human immunodeficiency virus-associated periodontal disease. 168 37

During the past ten years, biotechnical and scientific advancements in periodontics have improved our knowledge concerning healing (with the concept of guided tissue regeneration) and bone filling (with the new available materials). A combined therapy using both Gore-Tex membranes and Biocoral 450 seemed well indicated for the treatment of an advanced adult periodontitis case. Histological observation of healing tissue biopsy has provided interesting findings concerning coral and cell behavior during the early stages of healing. Besides the slow resorption of the coral, early intrafibrillar calcification processes seem to occur, thus enhancing the regenerative potential.
J Parodontol 1991 Sep
PMID:[Coral and guided tissue regeneration. Histological aspects]. 168 70

Serum samples from persons with Lyme borreliosis, periodontitis, or acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis were analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with and without adsorption and amplification procedures. When biotin and streptavidin reagents were used as an amplification procedure in ELISA without the use of commercially prepared sorbent (Treponema phagedenis biotype Reiter), sensitivity increased. Of the 85 serum samples collected from persons with erythema migrans but no detectable antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi by standard ELISA, 17 (20%) were reactive after amplification. Adsorption of serum samples with a 1:10 dilution of T. phagedenis biotype Reiter sorbent used in conjunction with amplified ELISA also improved the sensitivity of this method. However, cross-reactivity could not be completely eliminated. An adsorbed-amplified ELISA may be helpful in the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis in the laboratory, particularly during early weeks of infection, when antibodies to B. burgdorferi can be present at a low concentration.
J Clin Microbiol 1991 Sep
PMID:Adsorption and biotin-streptavidin amplification in serologic tests for diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. 177 93

The Authors show the results of a clinical trial carried out on two groups of patients affected by acute periodontitis. Patients were treated with proglumetacin or ketoprofen, respectively; the efficacy and tolerability of these two drugs were analyzed.
Dent Cadmos 1991 Sep 30
PMID:[Proglumetacin in acute periodontitis. Effectiveness and tolerance]. 177 79

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, on a short-term basis, the clinical and microbiological effects of a single course of scaling and root planing as compared with those obtained by flap surgery in patients with moderate to advanced periodontitis. 11 patients participated in the study. Using a split-mouth design, one quadrant of the mouth was treated with reverse bevel flap surgery, whereas the contralateral one was subjected to a single course of scaling and root planing. 2 approximal sites on single-rooted teeth with a pocket depth greater than or equal to 5 mm were monitored clinically and microbiologically for 16 weeks after active treatment. Both techniques resulted in a gain of probable attachment levels, a reduction in bleeding on probing and a reduced mean pocket depth, although 31.2% of the sites in the scaling and root planing group still had 6-7 mm deep pockets at 8 and 16 weeks after treatment. Both techniques reduced median relative proportions and frequencies of detection of black-pigmented Bacteroides species. A highly statistically significant increase (p less than 0.01) in median proportions of oral streptococci was recorded only for surgery within the 1st month post-operatively. No correlation was found between residual pocket depth and any of the microbiological parameters considered in the study, suggesting that residual pocket depth does not exert a significant influence on bacterial subgingival recolonization after therapy. The results from this study suggest that surgery can be as effective as scaling and root planing in favoring the establishment of micro-organisms compatible with periodontal health, although this effect is limited to the 1st month after therapy.
J Clin Periodontol 1991 Sep
PMID:Effect of surgical and non-surgical periodontal treatment on periodontal status and subgingival microbiota. 179 57


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