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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The furcation involvement of 200 molars in 50 patients suffering from advanced periodontitis was investigated. Presurgically, the horizontal probing attachment levels (CAL-H) within the furcations of 4 molars per patient was assessed twice within 14 days. Within a subset of 11 patients duplicate measurements of clinical probing depths (PD) and vertical clinical attachment levels (CAL-V) at the same molars were performed. To determine the measurement error of CAL-H, PD and CAL-V, respectively, the standard deviation of single measurements were calculated. The CAL-H measurements were repeated intrasurgically and compared with presurgical assessments of furcation measurements. The overall standard deviation of single measurements was 0.759 mm. For Class 0, I, and II furcations, the standard deviations were 0.879 mm, 0.664 mm, 0.682 mm, respectively. The standard deviation of PD single measurements and CAL-V single measurements varied from 0.393 mm to 0.993 mm (PD) and from 0.555 mm to 1.161 mm (CAL-V), respectively. The agreement of replicate measurements of furcation degrees was moderate for furcation locations which showed a CAL-H < or = 3 mm and a CAL-H > 3 mm, respectively (weighted kappa-coefficients 0.500 and 0.691). At sites with furcation involvement Class O and II there was no statistically significant difference between presurgical and intrasurgical measurements. At sites with Class I furcations there was a statistically significant mean difference of 0.255 mm between presurgically and intrasurgically assessed CAL-H. There was no statistically significant difference between furcation classes as assessed presurgically and intrasurgically (chi 2 between 1.9 and 4.4).
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PMID:Reproducibility and validity of furcation measurements as related to class of furcation invasion. 855 1

The present study was carried out to compare the ability of different methods of periodontal assessment to identify those subjects in a population who had suffered the worst periodontal breakdown. Comparisons were made between full mouth approximal attachment loss (CAL) assessment and methods relying on pocket probing depth (PPD) evaluation or on partial recording of CAL or PPD. Both of the latter types of assessment are commonly used in epidemiological surveys. 202 workers at an electronics factory aged between 20 and 40 yr were examined for approximal PPD and CAL, excluding third molars. The data were used to determine which individuals had the worst periodontitis based on CAL at several thresholds. Further analysis was carried out to determine which of these subjects would have been identified on the basis of the presence of deep (> or = 6 mm) pocketing, or by using one of a battery of partial recording subsets. CAL was frequently present in the absence of deep pocketing. A subset made up of four approximal sites around each of the 10 index teeth recommended by the WHO for partial recording (two molars in each quadrant and maxillary right and mandibular left central incisors) and a subset comprising maxillary buccal and mandibular lingual sites ("Pritchard" sites) performed best of the subsets considered in identifying the subjects who had been found by full mouth assessment to have at least one or at least two approximal sites with CAL at thresholds of 2, 3 or 4 mm. It was concluded that measurements of CAL using either of these subsets should reduce problems of under-recording of the prevalence of periodontitis associated with the use of PPDs alone or on CAL assessment at other partial recording subsets.
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PMID:Clinical assessment of periodontitis in young adults--evaluation of probing depth and partial recording methods. 883 16

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the assessment of clinical furcation parameters (horizontal attachment levels [CAL-H], class of furcation invasion). Replicate measurements of CAL-H and furcation class were performed within 14 days in 420 molars of 105 patients with advanced periodontitis using a Nabers- (n=50), a TPS- (n=30) and a PCPUNC15-probe (n=25). Validity of clinical assessments was assessed by intrasurgical measurements. The standard deviation of single measurements (s) was calculated as a measure of the reproducibility of CAL-H measurements and weighted kappa-coefficients (Kw) to estimate the agreement of furcation class assessments. The s ranged from 0.55 to 1.13 mm (Nabers), 0.55 to 1.02 mm (TPS), and 0.58 to 1.11 mm (PCPUNC15). For all probes, a statistically significantly smaller measurement error was observed in buccal and lingual sites than in mesiolingual and distolingual furcations (P < 0.005). The Kw ranged from 0.59 to 0.89 (Nabers), 0.50 to 0.80 (TPS), and 0.53 to 0.72 (PCPUNC 15). Multiple linear regression analysis identified distolingual location, probing depth (PD) and CAL-H as factors influencing the variability of CAL-H measurements. Whereas there was no statistically significant difference between pre- and intrasurgical CAL-H measurements using the Nabers probe, the TPS and PCPUNC15 probe underestimated CAL-H for distolingual furcations (P < 0.025). Using the Nabers probe, no asymmetries between pre- and intrasurgically obtained class of furcation involvement were revealed, while the TPS and PCPUNC15 probe underestimated furcation degrees (P < 0.1). Multiple linear regression analysis identified distolingual location and height of furcation, as well as PD, vertical attachment level (CAL-V) and type of probe, as factors influencing the validity of CAL-H measurements. Clinical diagnosis of furcation lesions using the 3 mm incrementally marked Nabers probe provides reproducible and valid information about furcation invasion.
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PMID:Reproducibility and validity of the assessment of clinical furcation parameters as related to different probes. 957 19

The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of initial periodontal therapy (IT) and to determine the additional effects of systemic amoxicillin (Flemoxin Solutab) 375 mg TID plus metronidazole 250 mg TID therapy, in patients with adult Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)-associated periodontitis in conjunction with either Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Bacteroides forsythus (Bf) and/or Prevotella intermedia (Pi). In addition the adverse effects of the antimicrobial therapy were also documented. A total of 22 patients were enrolled. The deepest, bleeding pocket in each quadrant was selected and at these 4 experimental sites clinical measurements and microbiological testing was carried out at baseline, after (IT), i.e., 21 weeks after baseline, and after antimicrobial therapy (AM), i.e., 35 weeks after baseline. At baseline, the mean plaque index (PI) amounted 0.5, 0.1 after IT and 0.3 after systemic AM. The mean bleeding index decreased from 1.6 to 1.2 after IT and a further decrease to 0.7 after AM was noted. Suppuration was completely eliminated after AM. The mean change of probing pocket depth (PPD) after IT amounted 1.4 mm and was further reduced with an additional mean change of 1.1 mm after medication. Clinical attachment gain was 1.1 mm after IT and an additional 0.9 mm was observed after AM. One of the 22 Aa positive patients and 4 of 17 Pg positive patients became negative for these species after IT. The number of patients with detectable Pi decreased from 16 to 10 after IT. After AM, in comparison to baseline, suppression below detection level for Aa was achieved in 19 out of 22, for Pg in 9 out of 17, for Bf in 13 out of 14, and for Pi in 11 out of 16 patients. By contrast, higher frequencies of Peptostreptococcus micros and Fusobacterium nucleatum were found after AM. On the basis of the microbiological results the study group was separated into 2 subgroups: group A consisted of subjects who had no detectable levels of Aa, Pg, Bf and <5% of Pi after AM. Group B consisted of those who still showed presence of one of these 3 species and/or > or =5% levels of Pi. After AM, group B had significantly higher PI, BI, PPD and CAL scores then group A. It is concluded that group A showed low plaque scores and no detectable periodontal pathogens. This microbiological condition has been associated with a long-term stable periodontium.
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PMID:Additional clinical and microbiological effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole after initial periodontal therapy. 984 93

The aim of the present study was to clinically and radiographically compare guided tissue regeneration (GTR) therapy with bioabsorbable polyglactin 910 barriers and conventional periodontal surgery in intrabony defects. In 26 patients with advanced periodontitis, 29 teeth exhibiting interproximal intrabony defects were treated; 15 by conventional periodontal surgery (control) and 14 by GTR (test). Before and 12 months after surgery, clinical parameters were assessed and standardized radiographs were taken. On the radiographs the distances from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar crest (AC), and the CEJ to the most apical extension of the bony defect (BD) were measured using a computer-assisted analyzing device (LMSRT). Twelve months after surgery, 24 patients with 27 lesions were available for examination. For both methods statistically significant (P < 0.001) probing depth (PD) reduction (mean +/- standard deviation) of -4.49 +/- 1.94 mm (n = 13, test) and -3.22 +/- 1.48 mm (n = 14, control), as well as clinical attachment gain (CAL-V) of 3.41 +/- 1.59 mm (test) and 2.07 +/- 1.10 mm (control), was observed. Radiographic changes of the distance CEJ to AC of -0.95 +/- 1.72 mm (n = 9, test), and -0.98 +/- 1.53 mm (n = 11, control) were not significant. A significant bony fill (distance CEJ-BD) of 1.05 +/- 1.22 mm was observed for the test group (P < 0.01); the 0.68 +/- 2.04 mm bony gain for the control group was not statistically significant. The PD reduction (P < 0.05) and attachment gain (P < 0.01) in the test group was statistically significantly more favorable than in the control group. Twelve months after surgery, statistically more favorable PD reduction and attachment gain was observed using polyglactin 910 barriers than compared to conventional flap surgery. Hence, the use of bioabsorbable barriers for therapy of intrabony defects may be recommended.
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PMID:Periodontal surgery of vertical bony defects with or without synthetic bioabsorbable barriers. 12-month results. 984 30

The purpose of this study was to compare the bovine derived xenograft (BDX) Bio-Oss to demineralized freeze dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in human intrabony defects. 17 healthy patients with no systemic disease with moderate-severe periodontitis (7 males, 10 females; aged 34-67), were treated. Surgically, defects were included only if the intraosseous defect depth was >3.0 mm. Final selection included 30 defects. The sites were randomly assigned treatment with DFDBA or BDX. Soft tissue and osseous defect measurements were taken the day of surgery and 6 months post-operatively at re-entry. Average baseline PD, CAL, and surgical defect depth for the DFDBA group were not statistically different from the BDX group. No adverse healing response occurred. The results showed a statistically significant improvement in PD and AL for both materials at 6 months in 26 defects (4 defects did not respond to therapy). Soft tissue measurements for the DFDBA group included PD reduction of 2.0+/-1.3 mm, and AL gain of 2.6+/-1.6 mm, while the BDX group showed a PD reduction of 3.0+/-1.7 mm, and AL gain of 3.6+/-1.8 mm. Osseous measurements showed bone fill of 2.4 mm (46.8%) for the DFDBA group and 3.0 mm (55.8%) for the BDX group. Defect resolution was 59.4% for the DFDBA group and 77.6% for the BDX group. Statistical analysis revealed there was no statistical difference between the 2 materials in all measurements.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of Bio-Oss: a bovine-derived xenograft for the treatment of periodontal osseous defects in humans. 1041 45

The healing process following periodontal surgery for advanced adult periodontitis is described. Of the various indicators, tooth mobility (TM) is considered, and its relation to surgical treatment and the time lapse from the flap surgery is quantitatively modeled by non-parametric regression. Mobility is measured by an electronic apparatus, which also automatically performs the modeling. A new statistical method for TM prediction is demonstrated, and its quality is estimated. We show that the quality at the first step of prediction is approximately 0.7. This indicates that the prediction method is able to model the effect of surgery on the healing process, although the random scattering of TM data recorded in the examined group is relatively large. The influence of periodontal surgery on TM, alone and in combination with systemic metronidazole, is quantitatively characterized in two groups of 12 patients each. In the test group, which received metronidazole, TM decreased significantly 1 week postoperatively, compared to the control group without the antibiotic. The gingival fluid flow rate (GFFR) and the percentage of spirochete morphotypes detected by darkfield microscopy exhibited a similar dependence. Significant differences in TM, GFFR and the percentage of spirochetes between the two groups were observed over a period of several weeks. Probing depths (PD) in both groups at 2 and 12 months after surgery did not reveal any category with pockets deeper than 4 mm. A gain of clinical attachment level of more than 2 mm (CAL) was observed at measurements of 16.7% and 10.6% on the test and control groups, respectively, 1 year after surgery.
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PMID:Statistical modeling of tooth mobility after treating adult periodontitis. 1199 61

One of the ways of treating of the aggressive forms of periodontitis is the method of guided tissue regeneration using enamel matrix proteins included in Emdogain preparation. The aim of work was clinical evaluation of the complex treatment of those periodontolyses using the above mentioned material as the implant material. 35 intrabony pockets were operated in 11 patients aged 17-50. The treatment results were described with the use of clinical indices of API and SBI, indices of pockets depth PPD and the loss of the attachment CAL indices before and within the period of 8 to 12 months after the surgeries. The values of the examined features were submitted to statistical analysis using Shapiro-Wilks and Wilcoxon's tests. The treatment that was applied led to extremely statistically significant improvement of the examined parameters.
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PMID:Use of Emdogain enamel matrix proteins in the surgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis. 1531 22

Several proinflammatory cytokines can induce periodontal tissue destruction and are thought to be useful indicators or diagnostic markers for periodontitis. Here, we aimed to investigate whether oncostatin M (OSM) was present in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and to clarify the correlation of GCF OSM and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels with the severity of periodontitis. Sixty-two sites in 14 patients were divided into 4 groups based on probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP). GCF was collected using paper strips from clinically health sites (PD < or = 3 mm, CAL: 1-3 mm, without BOP, n = 31), mildly diseased sites (PD < or = 3 mm, CAL: 3-5 mm, with BOP, n = 11), moderately diseased sites (PD = 4-6 mm, CAL: 5-8 mm, with BOP, n = 11), and severely diseased sites (PD > 6 mm, CAL: 8-12 mm, with BOP, n = 9). IL-6 and OSM in GCF were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and are expressed as concentrations (pg/ml) and total amounts (pg/site). Correlations of OSM and IL-6 levels with the severity of periodontitis in all groups were determined using Spearman rank correlation (r(s)). Our results showed that OSM and IL-6 were detected in most GCF samples. The total amounts of OSM and IL-6 were significantly positive correlated with severity of diseased sites (OSM: r(s) = 0.526, p < 0.01; IL-6: r(s) = 0.729, p < 0.01). No correlations of OSM or IL-6 concentration in GCF were found with disease severity. OSM and IL-6 levels in GCF were positively correlated to each other when expressed as either concentrations or total amounts (concentrations: r = 0.485, p < 0.01; total amounts r = 0.490, p < 0.01). In conclusion, our findings suggest that IL-6 and OSM may play a role in modulating the inflammatory cascade of chronic periodontitis.
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PMID:Measurement of gp130 cytokines oncostatin M and IL-6 in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with chronic periodontitis. 1586 89

The primary goal of periodontal therapy is the removal of supra and subgingival bacterial deposits by mechanical debridement consisting in scaling and root-planing (SRP) using manual or power-driven instruments. The complete removal of bacteria and their toxins from periodontal pockets is not always achieved with conventional mechanical treatment. The use of lasers as an adjunctive therapy for periodontal disease may improve tissue healing by bactericidal and detoxification effects. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Diode laser used as adjunctive therapy of SRP to that of SRP alone for non surgical periodontal treatment in patients with chronic periodontitis. Nineteen pairs of teeth with untreated chronic periodontitis were selected in 13 patients and randomly treated by SRP alone (control group) or by SRP + laser irradiation (test group). Clinical measurements (PPD, CAL, BOP, GI, PI) were performed before treatment at baseline (T0) and at T1 (after 4 weeks), T2 (8 weeks), T3 (12 weeks), T4 (6 months). Subgingival plaque samples were taken at baseline and after treatment and examined for 8 periopathogens bacteria using PCR technique. The present study showed that the additional treatment with diode laser may lead to a slightly improvement of clinical parameters, whereas no significant differences between test and control group in reduction of periodontopathogens were found.
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PMID:Use of diode laser 980 nm as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. A randomized controlled clinical trial. 1912 7


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