Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Periodontitis is accompanied by the proliferation of small blood vessels in the gingival lamina propria. Specialized postcapillary venules, termed periodontal high endothelial-like venules, are also present, and demonstrate morphological and functional traits similar to those of high endothelial venules (HEVs) in lymphatic organs. The suggested role of HEVs in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis involves participation in leukocyte transendothelial migration and therefore proinflammatory effects appear. Recent observations suggest that chronic periodontitis is an independent risk factor for systemic vascular disease and may result in stimulation of the synthesis of acute phase protein by cytokines released by periodontal high endothelial cells (HECs). However, tissue expression of HEV-linked adhesion molecules has not been evaluated in the gingiva of patients with chronic periodontitis. This is significant in relation to potential therapy targeting expression of the adhesion molecules. In this review, current knowledge of HEV structure and the related expression of four surface adhesion molecules of HECs [CD34, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, endoglin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)], involved in the key steps of the adhesion cascade in periodontal diseases, are discussed. Most studies on the expression of adhesion molecules in the development and progression of periodontal diseases pertain to ICAM-1 (CD54). Studies by the authors demonstrated quantitatively similar expression of three of four selected surface markers in gingival HEVs of patients with chronic periodontitis and in HEVs of reactive lymph nodes, confirming morphological and functional similarity of HEVs in pathologically altered tissues with those in lymphoid tissues.
 ...
PMID:Role of high endothelial postcapillary venules and selected adhesion molecules in periodontal diseases: a review. 2258 23

The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of the angiogenesis rate in chronic periodontitis (CP). A total of 61 human gingival samples were taken from patients with CP (n = 40) obtained during open curettage with gingivectomy, healthy periodontia (n = 15), and reactive lymph nodes (n = 7). Quantitative immunocytochemistry studies of VEGF, CD31 (PECAM-1) and CD105 (endoglin) were performed using the spatial visualization method. CD105/CD31 and VEGF/CD31 angiogenetic ratios (ARs) were established to determine the proliferation fraction of the endothelium. In patients with CP, the proliferation of blood vessels was observed, including the presence of numerous high endothelial venules (HEVs) and ordinary vessels. In gingival HEVs of patients with CP, the higher expression was shown by CD31 and, in turn CD105 and VEGF. The entire vascular expression of CD31 in the gingiva correlates with grading in lamina propria, but our study failed to document correlations between the expression of VEGF and CD105 and clinical data of patients with CP. Higher ARs were seen in gingivae of CP patients compared to controls. We concluded that overexpression of the angiogenesis-associated factors in CP suggests its significance in protracting the inflammatory process or periodic exacerbations of the process and destruction of the periodontium. The increased CD105/CD31 and VEGF/CD31 ratios in gingiva confirms an augmented proliferative fraction of the endothelium in gingiva with CP.
 ...
PMID:Expression of angiogenesis-stimulating factors (VEGF, CD31, CD105) and angiogenetic index in gingivae of patients with chronic periodontitis. 2326 19