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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Filmy local drug delivery systems (LDDSs) were administered to periodontal pockets in beagles with induced periodontitis, and the in vivo-in vitro correlation of drug release from the LDDS and changes in the clindamycin (CLDM) concentration in the periodontal pocket fluid were studied. The in vitro drug release rate from the LDDS was determined by the dissolution study, without agitation, using phosphate buffer as the dissolution medium at 37 degrees C, and the in vivo drug release rate was determined according to the decrease in the drug load remaining in the LDDS after administration in periodontal pockets. The in vivo drug release rate from LDDSs was lower than the in vitro rate determined by the dissolution study, but the two rates showed a correlation in LDDSs that released drugs by diffusion. Therefore, the in vivo drug release rate was considered to be estimated from the results of the in vitro dissolution study. Changes in the drug concentration in the periodontal pocket fluid after administration of LDDS were dependent on the drug release properties of the LDDS. Also, when CLDM was administered as an aqueous solution in periodontal pockets, its concentration in the periodontal pocket fluid decreased according to a pseudo first-order equation. Therefore, the concentration in the periodontal pocket fluid after administration of a LDDS is considered to be simulated by the one compartment model based on a pseudo first-order elimination process.
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PMID:Local drug delivery systems for the treatment of periodontal disease. 187 76

Heroin is a half synthetic opiate with. It is used by a relatively small number of the general population, but relatively frequently by homeless people and prisoners. Since heroin has an inhibitory effect on the nervous system and on breathing, an overdose of heroin can have fatal consequences. Sudden abstinence of heroin results in general discomfort, restlessness, muscle cramps, perspiration, nausea, shivers and goose bumps. Oral effects of heroin include increased risks of caries, periodontitis and bruxism. Saliva has the potential of detecting heroin abuse.
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PMID:[Heroin and oral health]. 1979 91

Prevention or treatment of apical periodontitis is aimed at disinfecting the root canal system so that the periradicular tissues are not vulnerable to attack from microbiota within the tooth. This is achieved by a process of cleaning and shaping the root canal space. The fundamental principles underlying this process have not changed in decades. In contrast, the armamentarium available to the clinician continues to evolve rapidly. The use of specially designed nickel titanium (NiTi) files to create a glidepath allows the clinician to manage tight curved canals more predictably in situations which would otherwise have proved too difficult using conventional techniques. Other files, designed to shape the canal, have been developed using metallurgic principles which permit NiTi files to be more flexible and resistant to cyclic fatigue. These newer systems also require fewer instruments to prepare a canal and some, which have adopted a reciprocating (rotational) motion, may only require one file. Progress is also being made in enhancing efficacy of irrigant activity using negative apical pressure systems, sonic and ultrasonic agitation techniques. These contemporary techniques used to clean and shape the root canal system should result in improved confidence and predictability when managing endodontic disease.
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PMID:Contemporary Cleaning and Shaping of the Root Canal System. 2882 33