Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Periodontal inflammation is characterized by irreversible degradation of periodontal ligament collagen fibers leading to loss of tooth attachment. Cultured gingival keratinocytes and fibroblasts express, in vitro, various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which can degrade fibrillar collagens. We hypothesized that several MMPs are also synthesized in vivo by sulcular epithelium, and analyzed the collagenolytic MMPs (MMP-2, -8, -13, and -14) and matrilysin (MMP-7) in gingival tissue specimens and gingival crevicular fluid from adult and localized juvenile periodontitis patients by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and Western immunoblotting. MMP-2, -7, -8, and -13 were expressed in gingival sulcular epithelium. MMP-7 and -13 were also located in fibroblasts and macrophages, and MMP-8 in neutrophils. MMP-8- and -13-positive cells/mm2 were higher in periodontitis gingiva when compared with healthy control tissue (p < 0.01). In periodontal diseases, gingival sulcular epithelium expresses several, rather than a single, collagenolytic MMPs, and this proteolytic cascade is evidently responsible for the tissue destruction characteristic of adult and juvenile periodontitis.
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PMID:The in vivo expression of the collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, -8, -13, and -14) and matrilysin (MMP-7) in adult and localized juvenile periodontitis. 1120 Oct 47

There is scientific data to support the existence of a two-way relationship between diabetes and periodontitis, with diabetes increasing the risk for periodontitis, and periodontal inflammation negatively affecting the diabetic status. Our study aims to investigate the expression of MMP-7, -8, -9 and -13 in the gingiva of the young patients with aggressive periodontitis (AP) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Gingival biopsies were harvested from five adult patients aged 19-29 years with T1D+AP with moderate (three cases) to severe (two cases) forms of AP and from four adult patients aged 18-28 years with moderate AP without T1D. The MMP-7 immunoreaction was positive in the five cases with T1D+AP with different staining patterns. The MMP-8 immunostaining was positive in all cases. The reaction was more intense in cases with T1D+AP, especially in those with severe periodontitis. The MMP-9 immunoreaction was present in all the structures of the gingival mucosa with different intensity, being frequently present surrounding the blood vessels of the chorion. In most of the patients, reaction to MMP-9 was intense, localized at the level of the cells in the superficial chorion and very rarely at the level of some dispersed cells in the connective vascular islands. MMP-13 was present in all cases, but it was more intense in the two cases with T1D+AP with probing depth (PD)>6 mm when it had similar patterns as MMP-9 staining and in one case with AP when the staining was observed strictly in the lamina propria associated with moderate chronic inflammatory infiltrate. The expression of MMP-7, -8, -9 and -13 in the gingiva of the young patients with aggressive periodontitis and T1D was positive in all studied cases supporting the hypothesis that both are inflammatory diseases with common pathogenic mechanisms involving inflammatory mediators and may be possible biomarkers of disease status.
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PMID:Matrix metalloproteinase -7, -8, -9 and -13 in gingival tissue of patients with type 1 diabetes and periodontitis. 2560 96

Cardiovascular diseases are chronic inflammatory diseases that affect a large segment of society. Coronary heart disease (CHD), the most common cardiovascular disease, progresses over several years and affects millions of people worldwide. Chronic infections may contribute to the systemic inflammation and enhance the risk for CHD. Periodontitis is one of the most common chronic infections that affects up to 50% of the adult population. Under inflammatory conditions the activation of endogenous degradation pathways mediated by immune responses leads to the release of destructive cellular molecules from both resident and immigrant cells. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their regulators can activate each other and play an important role in immune response via degrading extracellular matrix components and modulating cytokines and chemokines. The action of MMPs is required for immigrant cell recruitment at the site of inflammation. Stimulated neutrophils represent the major pathogen-fighting immune cells that upregulate expression of several proteinases and oxidative enzymes, which can degrade extracellular matrix components (e.g. MMP-8, MMP-9 and neutrophil elastase). The activity of MMPs is regulated by endogenous inhibitors and/or candidate MMPs (e.g. MMP-7). The balance between MMPs and their inhibitors is thought to mirror the proteolytic burden. Thus, neutrophil-derived biomarkers, including myeloperoxidase, may activate proteolytic destructive cascades that are involved in subsequent immune-pathological events associated with both periodontitis and CHD. Here, we review the existing studies on the contribution of MMPs and their regulators to the infection-related pathology. Also, we discuss the possible proteolytic involvement and role of neutrophil-derived enzymes as an etiological link between chronic periodontitis and CHD.
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PMID:Neutrophil proteolytic activation cascades: a possible mechanistic link between chronic periodontitis and coronary heart disease. 2660 8

The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of numerous biologically relevant elements. One of the most important components of the TME is the extracellular matrix (ECM). The compounds of the ECM create a network that provides structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells. The most important substances involved in the regulation of the ECM degradation process are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMPs). The disruption of the physiological balance between MMP activation and deactivation could lead to progression of various diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, fibrosis arthritis, chronic tissue ulcers, pathologies of the nervous system (such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease), periodontitis, and atheroma. MMP-TIMP imbalance results in matrix proteolysis associated with various pathological processes such as tumor invasion. The present review discusses the involvement of two MMPs, MMP-2 and MMP-7, in cancer pathogenesis. These two MMPs have been proven in several studies, conducted mostly on adults, to make an important contribution to cancer development and progression. In the current review, several studies that indicate the importance of MMP-TIMP balance determination for the pediatric population are also highlighted. The authors of this review believe that carrying out biochemical and clinical studies focused on metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in tumors in children will be of great relevance for future patient diagnosis, determination of a prognosis, and monitoring of therapy.
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PMID:Selected Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-7) and Their Inhibitor (TIMP-2) in Adult and Pediatric Cancer. 3275 99