Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies were conducted to evaluate cefuzonam (L-105, CZON), a new cephem type antibiotic, in the pediatric field. A total of 9 pediatric patients (2-14 years) was treated with intravenous injection of CZON: 4 cases with one shot of 20 mg/kg, 2 cases with one shot of 40 mg/kg and 3 cases with drip infusion over 1 hour of 40 mg/kg. CZON concentrations in serum and the excretion in urine were determined. Mean serum concentrations of CZON after one shot intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg were 49.0, 22.7, 9.03, 2.13, 0.37, and 0.09 micrograms/ml at 15, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours, respectively. With 40 mg/kg one shot intravenous injections, mean serum concentrations were 117.5, 68.0, 26.2, 8.80, 0.63 and 0.19 micrograms/ml at 15, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours, respectively. With 40 mg/kg intravenous drip infusions over 1 hour, mean concentrations were 57.1, 78.8, 12.9, 1.12 and 0.23 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours, respectively. Mean half-lives were 0.69 hour for 20 mg/kg one shot injections, 0.44 hour for 40 mg/kg one shot injections, and 0.58 hour for 40 mg/kg 1 hour drip infusions. Urinary recovery rates in 6 hour after administration were 70.8% (mean) for the 20 mg/kg one shot injection, 44.1% (1 case) for the 40 mg/kg one shot injection, and 60.0% (mean) for the 40 mg/kg 1 hour drip infusion. CZON was administered in 26 cases of pediatric infections, and the clinical efficacy, antibacterial activity, and side effects were evaluated. Of the 26 cases 2 were excluded for the reason of not having bacterial infection, and the remaining 24 cases were assessed. Included in the 24 cases were 16 cases of acute pneumonia, 2 cases of acute purulent lymphadenitis, and 1 case each of acute bronchitis, acute purulent otitis media, acute apical periodontitis, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), acute pyelonephritis, and acute enteritis. Clinical efficacy evaluation showed 19 excellent cases and 5 good cases, with an efficacy rate of 100%. Bacteriologically, Staphylococcus aureus 1 strain, Streptococcus pneumoniae 1 strain, beta-Streptococcus 1 strain, Haemophilus influenzae 10 strains, Haemophilus parainfluenzae 1 strain, Proteus mirabilis 1 strain, and Campylobacter jejuni 1 strain were determined or assumed as pathogens, but all of them were eradicated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefuzonam in pediatrics]. 361 84

The effectiveness of drug and surgical treatments for chronic destructive types of periodontitis was examined in 64 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis by using clinical, X-ray, and immunological data. The findings suggest that surgical management is more preferable for treating prolonged destructive periodontitis in patients with chronic bronchitis.
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PMID:[The efficacy of conservative and surgical methods of treating periodontitis in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. 810 12

The efficacy of conservative treatment of chronic apical periodontitis is compared is somatic patients and somatically healthy subjects. Twenty-seven patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and secondary immune insufficiency and 31 patients without underlying diseases were treated. Conservative treatment of chronic apical periodontitis was insufficient in the patients with secondary immunodeficiency.
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PMID:[A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of the conservative treatment of chronic apical periodontitis in patients with secondary immune deficiency and in somatically healthy persons]. 964 4

The established risk factors for ischemic stroke do not sufficiently explain all clinical and epidemiological features of the disease, such as the winter peak of stroke incidence, the decline of stroke during this century and the time point of cerebral ischemia. A role of infectious disease as stroke risk factor may partly explain above features. Several case-control studies with both hospital and population control groups showed that acute infection within the preceding week and mainly respiratory infection of both viral and bacterial origin increase the risk of cerebral ischemia independent from other risk factors (odds ratio 2.9-14.5). Infection as a risk factor appears to be most important in young age groups. Infection may cause a procoagulant state and thus, trigger thrombosis and cerebral ischemia. There is increasing evidence for chronic infection as stroke risk factor. A case-control study indicated chronic and recurrent bronchitis to increase stroke risk. Two case-control and one cohort study showed that chronic dental infection, mainly parodontitis, is a risk factor for stroke. There are conflicting results on chronic infection with cytomegalovirus and insufficient evidence for a role of Helicobacter pylorii infection in pathogenesis of stroke. Seroepidemiological studies and analyses of carotid plaques indicate a role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in ischemic stroke. However, causality can not yet be inferred from present results. Acute and chronic infectious diseases are treatable and partly preventable conditions. Their recognition as stroke risk factors could therefore be important for stroke prevention.
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PMID:[Infection, atherosclerosis and acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease]. 1069 60

In the past decade there has been renewed interest in the old hypothesis that infections increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and stroke. There is now a convincing body of evidence that atherosclerosis has a major inflammatory component and is much more than the simple vascular accumulation of lipids. Infectious agents that have been linked to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) include Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, cytomegalovirus, and herpesviruses. The concept has emerged that each of these agents is an independent risk factor for CHD and that common chronic infections are important. In addition, periodontal infections have also been implicated as one of several factors contributing to the development of CHD. Evidence supporting a causative role of chronic infections in CHD is largely circumstantial. However, the evidence is sufficiently strong to warrant further examination of the possible link between chronic infections and CHD. In this review the lines of evidence for a causative role of C. pneumoniae in the development of CHD are summarized and contrasted with the lines of evidence suggesting a periodontal infection--CHD association. If common or widespread chronic infections are truly important risk factors for CHD, it is unlikely that a single infection will be shown to be causative. It is likely that the entire microbial burden of the patient from several simultaneous chronic infections is more important (e.g., H. pylori-caused gastric ulcers + C. pneumoniae-caused bronchitis + periodontitis). Increased cooperation between cardiologists and periodontists will be required to determine if, and what, combinations of common chronic infections are important in the pathogenesis of CHD and stroke.
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PMID:Periodontal infections and cardiovascular disease--how strong is the association? 1135 66

Evidence of immune stimulation has been noted in opiate dependent patients for many decades. Documented changes have included lymphadenopathy, round cell infiltration of the hepatic portal triads, diffuse peri-bronchitis, hyperglobulinaemia, lymphocytosis, monocytosis, systemic cytokine stimulation, and cytokine and chemokine activation within the neuraxis. A parallel literature describes an elevated list of chronic degenerative disease as common in such patients including neurodegenerative conditions, atherosclerosis, nephrosclerosis, hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis, chronic obstructive and fibrotic lung disease, osteoporosis, chronic periodontitis, various cancers, hair greying, and stem cell suppression. All of these disorders are now known to have an important immunological role in their pathogenic pathways. The multisystem nature of these myriad changes strongly suggest that the ageing process itself is stimulated in these patients. The link between the immunostimulation on the one hand and the elevated and temporally advanced nature of the chronic degenerative diseases on the other appears not to have been made in the literature. Moreover as immunostimulation is also believed to be an important, potent and principal contributor to the ageing process it appears that experimental and studies of this putative link are warranted. Verification of such an hypothesis would also carry management implications for dose and duration of chronic pain and addiction treatment, pharmacotherapeutic selection, and novel treatments such as long term naltrexone implant therapy and heroin trials.
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PMID:Chronic immune stimulation as a contributing cause of chronic disease in opiate addiction including multi-system ageing. 2080 Mar 62

The oral cavity is a source of readily available neutrophils and can be used as a model to better understand the role of neutrophils in chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, bronchitis, periodontitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In this chapter we describe reproducible methods to obtain highly purified neutrophil samples from blood and saliva in humans to enable cell analysis using whole-genome microarrays.
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PMID:High-purity neutrophil isolation from human peripheral blood and saliva for transcriptome analysis. 2450 69