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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

160 HIV-infected Greek patients were prospectively examined and the oral signs and symptoms recorded. At the time of oral examination, 76 patients were asymptomatic seropositive, 47 were in the ARC stage, and 37 had AIDS. 1 or more oral findings were recorded in 90.6% of the patients, while a total of 33 different lesions were observed. The more common oral lesions (highly suspicious) were candidiasis (61%), hairy leukoplakia (24%), periodontitis (19%), necrotizing gingivitis (11%), and Kaposi's sarcoma (12%). In addition, some unclassified lesions or symptoms (xerostomia--26%, burning mouth syndrome--19%, patchy depapillated tongue--16%, hairy tongue--10%, exfoliative cheilitis--4%) were common, while submandibular and cervical lymph node enlargement were found in 49% of the patients. It is interesting that in 16 patients (10%), the suspicion of HIV infection was based exclusively on oral lesions. The authors' findings show that oral signs and symptoms are common and occasionally early manifestations of HIV infection, and it is in association to those reported in previous studies.
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PMID:Oral signs and symptoms in 160 Greek HIV-infected patients. 131 36

One hundred seventy-eight HIV-infected Greek patients were examined and the gingival lesions were recorded. At the time of oral examination, 77 patients were HIV positive, 53 had ARC, and 48 had AIDS. The mean age of the patients was 36.6 years; 158 were men and 20 were women. Fifteen different gingival lesions were recorded. Necrotizing gingivitis (10.1%), gingivitis (5.0%), periodontitis (18.5%), candidiasis (5.8%), and Kaposi's sarcoma (5.0%) were the most common lesions observed. Oral lymphomas and other lesions were recorded in low numbers. Our findings show that dentists should be aware of gingival lesions of HIV disease because some of them are common and diagnostically important.
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PMID:Gingival lesions of HIV infection in 178 Greek patients. 150 24

In June 1991, practicing, research, and academic dentists attended a symposium on oral research and dental treatment in HIV infection at Guy's Hospital in London, England. Oral lesions in HIV infection were classified as strongly associated, probably associated, and possibly associated with HIV infection. A speaker stressed that those strongly associated with HIV infection should be of the most interest to general dental practitioners. Another speaker said that chronic erythematous candidiasis has emerged as an oral infection strongly associated with HIV infection in addition to pseudomembranous candidiasis. A dentist mentioned hairy leukoplakia as a new condition strongly associated with HIV infection. Other HIV associated periodontal disease included gingivitis, necrotizing gingivitis, and periodontitis. A speaker noted that AZT increases longevity of AIDS patients and the drugs dideoxyinosine and dideooxycytidine are being tested. Another dentist spoke about the issue of HIV infected dentists citing the example of the dentist in Florida who infected 5 patients. Other speakers addressed the cases and needs of asymptomatic HIV infected people. A survey of dentists showed that only 33% of dentists would provide dental care to HIV infected people and only 20% would if the patients had AIDS. A dentist addressed the problem of a lack of data on prevention and treatment of oral lesions since their etiology and pathogenesis were unknown. Other presentations focused on research on antibodies and DNA probes in reference to saliva and subgingival flora. The symposium revealed the ran ge and depth of research going on in British schools on oral manifestations of HIV infection.
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PMID:Oral research and dental treatment in HIV infection. 168 36

Determining the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection based on cellular and clinical markers has become increasingly important. Although a number of studies have shown a relationship between the presence of certain oral lesions and progression to AIDS, few data exist regarding the association with T lymphocyte counts. In this study, the question of whether intraoral lesions preceded or were the consequences of changes in T lymphocyte counts was examined. A total of 116 HIV-infected patients participating in two randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials of zidovudine at the University of Minnesota AIDS Clinical Trials Unit (ACTU) were enrolled in a prospective dental study. Patients were examined for the presence of hairy leukoplakia, candidiasis, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, aphthae, atypical gingivitis, HIV-associated periodontitis, and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, as well as other oral lesions, every 3 months for a maximum of four examinations over a 1-year period. T lymphocyte counts before and after each patient's oral examination were obtained. No significant differences were found at examination 1 for differences in gender, race, age, education, tobacco smoking status, ethanol consumption habits, duration in ACTU drug protocol, duration in dental study protocol, or mean T lymphocyte counts between individuals with or without oral lesions at any time in the dental study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Increasing CD8+ T lymphocytes predict subsequent development of intraoral lesions among individuals in the early stages of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. 168 73

The clinical findings of patients with oral Kaposi's sarcoma are reviewed. These oral findings commonly included candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, gingivitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), periodontitis, and other symptoms, including xerostomia. The other common symptoms of HIV disease that may be of importance in leading to a diagnosis are reviewed in this patient group. Treatment by local radiotherapy or by intralesional vinblastine of these oral Kaposi's sarcomas resulted in successful palliation, with more than 50% regression of the lesions in 80% of the patients treated.
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PMID:HIV infection: clinical features and treatment of thirty-three homosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma. 170 95

We studied the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease among 181 heterosexual men and women with AIDS. Included were 167 (92%) intravenous drug users (IVDU) and 14 sexual partners of persons at risk for AIDS. Periodontal disease was seen in 71 of 78 (91%) women compared to 75 of 103 (73%) men. Gingivitis was the most severe form of periodontal disease in 7 (9%) women and 15 (15%) men. Increased severity of periodontal disease was seen in women as compared with men (P less than .001); among subjects with periodontitis, 48 (75%) of 64 women had moderate to advanced disease compared to 32 (53%) of 60 men. For individuals with periodontitis, the extent of involvement was associated with severity; 90% of subjects with advanced periodontitis had all 4 quadrants affected. Concurrent oral manifestations of AIDS, including candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, ulcers and Kaposi's sarcoma were present in 167 (92%) subjects. We conclude that HIV-associated gingivitis and HIV-associated periodontitis are common in heterosexual men and women with AIDS and are often accompanied by other oral manifestations of AIDS. The reason periodontal disease is more severe in women is not known. Clinicians should be aware that these disorders occur in heterosexuals as well as in homosexual men. Further study will be necessary to delineate the pathogenesis of these disorders.
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PMID:Periodontal disease in heterosexuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 192 22

In the course of the infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we frequently observe disorders of the mucous membranes and, occasionally, they present the first manifestation of HIV-induced immunodeficiency. Like in other organs, opportunistic infections and malignant tumors prevail as a result of the impaired immune system. Opportunistic infections are characterized by frequency (candidiasis), aggressive expansion, persistence, frequent recurrences, and resistance to therapy (gingivitis, parodontitis, herpes simplex, warts). Oral hairy leucoplakia is considered a specific lesion of HIV infection. Malignant tumors, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, may cause marked morbidity in AIDS patients; occasionally, the clinical picture of Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is rather uncharacteristic. Other manifestations on the mucous membranes may arise in association with systemic reactions, such as drug eruptions, thrombocytopenic purpura, or acute HIV infection. The etiology of still other lesions of the mucous membranes (e.g. chronic recurrent ulcers, xerostomia, disorders of pigmentation) is incompletely understood. The awareness of these disorders of the mucous membranes in HIV infection is of diagnostic, therapeutic and epidemiological importance.
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PMID:[AIDS--mucous membrane manifestations]. 220 62

It is important that both physicians and dentists recognize the earliest signs of HIV infection in order that a timely diagnosis and patient referral can be made for counseling and treatment. Candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and Kaposi's sarcoma are the most common oral manifestations, but there are other important lesions as well. They include severe necrotizing periodontitis, bacterial and viral infections, lymphomas, and carcinomas. The various oral lesions seen in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are reviewed and managements are discussed.
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PMID:Oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. 220 71

Alterations in polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) function are frequently associated with intraoral disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if alterations exist in three early stimulatory events of PMN function in individuals with intraoral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Peripheral PMNs were isolated from nine HIV-seropositive male homosexuals with HIV-associated periodontitis and intraoral candidiasis and healthy HIV-seronegative age-matched heterosexuals (controls). Phagocytosis was assessed using fluorescent microspheres, oxidative burst was assessed via hydrolysis of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (FCDH) to 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (FCDA) with PMA stimulation, and F-actin formation was assessed with NBD-phallacidin stain after stimulation with f-Met-Leu-Phe. Compared to controls, seven of nine HIV-seropositive patients demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of phagocytic cells while seven of nine HIV-seropositive patients demonstrated a 5-59% increase in number of beads per cell. In the oxidative burst assay, seven of seven HIV-seropositive patients demonstrated a significant increase over controls in FCDA stain with PMA stimulation. In the F-actin assay, four of five HIV-seropositive patients demonstrated a significant increase over controls in NBD-phallacidin staining after f-Met-Leu-Phe stimulation.
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PMID:Elevated phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and F-actin formation in PMNs from individuals with intraoral manifestations of HIV infection. 321 15

A consensus has been reached on the classification of the oral manifestations of HIV infection and their diagnostic criteria, based on presumptive and definitive criteria. The former relate to the initial clinical appearance of the lesion and the latter are often the result of special investigations. Candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, specific forms of periodontal disease [linear gingival erythema, necrotising-(ulcerative) gingivitis and necrotising(ulcerative) periodontitis], Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are strongly associated with HIV infection. Lesions less commonly associated with HIV infection and lesions seen in HIV infection, but not indicative of the disease, are also listed.
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PMID:Classification and diagnostic criteria for oral lesions in HIV infection. EC-Clearinghouse on Oral Problems Related to HIV Infection and WHO Collaborating Centre on Oral Manifestations of the Immunodeficiency Virus. 822 64


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