Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030794 (pelvic pain)
 4,056 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adhesions in the peritoneal cavity have been implicated in the cause of intestinal obstruction and infertility, but their role in the aetiology of chronic pelvic pain is unclear. Nerves have been demonstrated in human pelvic adhesions, but the presence of pain-conducting fibres has not been established. The purpose of this study was to use an animal model to examine the growth of nerves during adhesion formation at various times following injury and to characterize the types of fibres present. Adhesions were generated in mice by injuring the surface of the caecum and adjacent abdominal wall, with apposition. At 1-8 weeks post-surgery, adhesions were processed and nerve fibres characterized histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. Peritoneal adhesions had consistently formed by 1 week after surgery and from 2 weeks onwards, all adhesions contained some nerve fibres which were synaptophysin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and substance P-immunoreactive, and were seen to originate from the caecum. By 4 weeks post-surgery, nerve fibres were found to originate from both the caecum and the abdominal wall, and as demonstrated by acetylcholinesterase histochemistry, many traversed the entire adhesion. Ultrastructural analysis showed both myelinated and non-myelinated nerve fibres within the adhesion. This study provides the first direct evidence for the growth of sensory nerve fibres within abdominal visceral adhesions in a murine model and suggests that there may be nerve fibres involved in the conduction of pain stimuli.
 ...
PMID:Growth of nerve fibres into murine peritoneal adhesions. 1105 24

Functional anorectal and pelvic pain syndromes represent a diverse group of disorders that affect the quality of life and about which many physicians possess little understanding. Nongynecologic causes include levator ani syndrome, proctalgia fugax, and coccygodnia, which can often be distinguished by careful history and physical examination. In women, chronic pelvic pain may arise from the uterus, cervix, ovaries, or from endometriosis and pelvic adhesions. This article reviews these diverse disorders and the approach to diagnosis and management.
 ...
PMID:Functional anorectal and pelvic pain. 1139 33

Chronic pelvic pain in women is a common and disabling illness caused by numerous organic pathologies usually accompanied by varying psychological dysfunctions. Many patients may receive misdiagnosis, misdirected therapies, or do not seek help at all. Pelvic congestion may be responsible for pain in patients without more common diseases, such as endometriosis and pelvic adhesions, among others. Our view of this condition is evolving. In the United States, this medical condition remains controversial. More recent research from the United Kingdom has caused a fresh look at the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pelvic pain produced by pelvic congestion. Potentially, many patients may benefit from a reconsideration of this approach.
 ...
PMID:Current concepts of pelvic congestion and chronic pelvic pain. 1200 5

39 women using the Lippes loop C, and complaining of chronic pelvic pain dating from after insertion of the IUD, were investigated by laparoscopy and transuterine pelvic venography in the premenstrual period of the cycle. Patients complaining only of cramp-like pain similar to spasmodic dysmenorrhea were not included. Other types of pain noticed were dull aching low abdomen, deep seated pelvic pain with associated dyspareunia, and low backache mainly on the sacrum. Pain was attributed to the presence of pelvic variocele diagnosed by laparoscopy (52%), and venography (95%), chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (28%), and pelvic adhesions (8%). The sites of maximum pain correlated well with the sites of maximum varicosities and/or venous stasis. Menorrhagia was associated with pain in one-third of the cases and was explained on the basis of increased pelvic vascularity, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, and cystic changes in the ovaries. The possible factors predisposing to uterine perforation during venography in 3 cases are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Chronic pelvic pain in Lippes IUD users. Laparoscopic and venographic evaluation. 1227 88

210 puerperally sterilized women (1-20 years age) and 500 women of similar age and parity served as the experimental and control groups in a Calcutta hospital study. 96% of the sterilized women had the operation for socioeconomic reasons and multiparity. At sterilization mean age was 27 years 10 months and mean parity was 4.8. The group after sterilization had significantly higher rates of menorrhagia (27.6%), dysmenorrhea (18.09%), and pelvic pain (10%) than had the controls. Rates of dyspareunia and excess libido were 2.3% and 5.2% in the sterilized women, as compared with nil rates in the controls. After operation rates of hydrosalpinx, pelvic adhesions, abdominal incision hernias, and scar endometriosis were 4.76%, 3.8% 4.7%, and .4%, respectively. No significant psychological sequelae occurred. The pregnancy rate after sterilization was .4%. It is concluded that sterilization will be more acceptable to poor women if the method can be improved so less side effects occur.
 ...
PMID:Female sterilisation as a method of population control. Presented at the 14th All India Obstetric and Gynecology Congress, Nagpur, November 26-28, 1967. 1233 19

The ovarian remnant syndrome, a complication of bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, is progressively receiving more attention in the gynecological surgery literature. The syndrome is manifested by pelvic pain and a palpable or sonographic finding of a pelvic mass. However, in rare cases, patients can present with large masses and radiographic suggestion of malignancy. We present the case of a 76-year-old white female, 23 months after bilateral salpino-oophorectomy at the same institution, complaining of 3.5 months of right flank and abdominal pain. Clinical and radiological evidence of a right ovarian remnant was discovered. Subsequent laparoscopic resection was consistent with a well-encapsulated mucinous adenocarcinoma in a right ovarian remnant. Curiously, this patient had no history of endometriosis, dense pelvic adhesions, pelvic inflammatory disease, or difficulty encountered during the original hysterectomy. This is the seventh published case report in the international literature about carcinoma developing in an ovarian remnant. However, this case differs in that the patient had no preexisting gynecologic conditions at the time of hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy to account for residual ovarian tissue. Additionally, the oophorectomy was performed vaginally, in contrast to multiple previous case reports.
 ...
PMID:Mucinous adenocarcinoma in an ovarian remnant. 1530 67

In this study over a 10-year period, 1584 patients complaining of infertility of more than 1 year duration were evaluated for their laparoscopic findings in relation to the presence or not of chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Infertility was the only complaint in 1215 cases (group 1), whereas 369 patients complained of infertility and CPP (group 2). All cases underwent routine infertility investigation and pelvic ultrasonography, followed by diagnostic laparoscopy, with infertility-only cases acting as a control group. At laparoscopy 76.7% of patients with CPP were found with pelvic pathology, compared with only 42.6% of cases without CPP (P < or = 0.0001). Omental-abdominal wall adhesions, advanced endometriosis, endometriomas with adhesions, pelvic venous congestion, and hydrosalpinges with pelvic adhesions were significantly more frequent in cases with CPP. Dysmenorrhoea was the most frequent type of CPP. Cases with CPP and a negative laparoscopy were further investigated using a multidisciplinary approach. In conclusion, chronic pelvic pain can be the result of several pelvic pathologies. Infertile patients with CPP are much more frequently found with an abnormal pelvis in comparison with cases without CPP. Laparoscopy is an invaluable diagnostic tool especially for symptomatic patients and should be used early in their diagnostic infertility work-up.
 ...
PMID:Laparoscopic evaluation of infertile patients with chronic pelvic pain. 1656 25

Abdominal and pelvic adhesions are a frequent occurrence and are responsible for significant morbidity resulting in abdominal and pelvic pain, infertility, and small bowel obstruction. The process of adhesion development begins when damage to peritoneal surfaces from any source (operative trauma, infection, foreign bodies, desiccation, irradiation, allergic reaction, or chemical injury) induces a series of biochemical/molecular biologic cascades involving different elements. These elements include peritoneal fluid, neutrophils, leukocytes, macrophages, cytokines, mesothelial cells, and tissue and coagulation factors, which teleologically have the intention of peritoneal repair; however, these processes also result in adhesion development. Major pathways that play significant roles in the healing process of peritoneal damage leading to adhesion development are the fibrinolytic system, extracellular matrix deposition, growth factor and cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, angiogenesis, apoptosis and proliferation, and remesothelialization. Greater understanding of the regulation and interaction of these processes provides the potential for reduction of postoperative adhesion development.
 ...
PMID:Pathogenesis of Intra-abdominal and pelvic adhesion development. 1875 6

Postoperative intra-abdominal and pelvic adhesions are the leading cause of infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and intestinal obstruction. It is generally considered that some people are more prone to develop postoperative adhesions than are others. Unfortunately, there is no available marker to predict the occurrence or the extent and severity of adhesions preoperatively. Ischemia has been thought to be the most important insult that leads to adhesion development. Furthermore, a deficient, suppressed, or overwhelmed natural immune system has been proposed as an underlying mechanism in adhesion development. The type of surgical approach (laparoscopy or laparotomy) and closure of peritoneum in gynecologic surgeries and cesarean section have been debated as important factors that influence the development and extent of postoperative adhesions. In this article, we have reviewed the current state of adhesion development and the effects of barrier agents in prevention of postoperative adhesions.
 ...
PMID:Postoperative adhesions: from formation to prevention. 1875 8

The purpose of this article is to review progress in the field of abdominopelvic adhesions and the validity of its two underlying assumptions: (1) The formation of adhesions results in infertility, bowel obstruction, or other complications. Reducing or avoiding adhesions will curb these sequelae. (2) "Adhesions" is a monolithic entity to be tackled without regard to any other condition. Evidence is discussed to validate the first assumption. We reviewed progress in the field by examining hospital data. We found a growing trend in the number and cost of discharges for just two adhesion-related diagnoses, and the low usage of adhesion barriers appears in at most 5% of appropriate procedures. Data from an Internet-based survey suggested that the problem may be partly due to ignorance among patients and physicians about adhesions and their prevention. Two other surveys of patients visiting the adhesions.org Web site defined more fully adhesion-related disorder (ARD). The first survey ( N = 466) described a patient with chronic pain, gastrointestinal disturbances, an average of nine bowel obstructions, and an inability to work or maintain family or social relationships. The second survey (687 U.S. women) found a high (co-) prevalence of abdominal or pelvic adhesions (85%), chronic abdominal or pelvic pain (69%), irritable bowel syndrome (55%), recurrent bowel obstruction (44%), endometriosis (40%), and interstitial cystitis (29%). This pattern suggests that although "adhesions" may start out as a monolithic entity, an adhesions patient may develop related conditions (ARD) until they merge into an independent entity where they are practically indistinguishable from patients with multiple symptoms originating from other abdominopelvic conditions such as pelvic or bladder pain. Rather than use terms that constrain the required multidisciplinary, biopsychosocial approach to these patients by the paradigms of the specialty related to the patient's initial symptom set, the term complex abdominopelvic and pain syndrome (CAPPS) is proposed. It is essential to understand not only the pathogenesis of the "initiating" conditions but also how they progress to CAPPS. In our ARD sample, not only was the frequency of women with hysterectomies (56%) higher than expected (21 to 33%), but also the rates of the "initiating" conditions was 40 to 400% higher in patients with hysterectomies than in those without. This may represent increased surgical trauma or the loss of protection against oxidative stress. Related was the higher frequency of ARD patients reporting hemochromatosis (HC; 5%) than expected (~0.5%) and the higher rates (20 to 700%) of initiating conditions in patients with HC than in those without HC. Together with findings related to the toxicity of Intergel, these findings raise the possibility that heterozygotes for genes regulating oxidative stress are at greater risk of developing surgical complications as well as more severe and progressive conditions such as CAPPS.
 ...
PMID:Disorders of adhesions or adhesion-related disorder: monolithic entities or part of something bigger--CAPPS? 1875 13


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>