Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For a trial of explaining of the occurrence of sensory symptoms in Parkinson's disease evoked somatosensory potentials were studied in 10 patients with hemiparkinsonism and paraesthesiae on the side of the parkinsonian signs. Somatosensory evoked potentials were compared after stimulation of the median nerve on the side of parkinsonian signs with those obtained after stimulation of this nerve on the asymptomatic side. No statistically significant differences were found in the latency of various components of the evoked potentials between both sides of the body. Only slight differences were observed in the morphology of the evoked potentials which were difficult for statistical interpretation.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Somatosensory potentials in hemiparkinsonism]. 322 74

The authors describe 5 patients with Parkinson's disease with coexistent sensory symptoms, mainly pains. In the light of the pertinent literature the authors regard pain as one of the symptoms in the parkinsonian syndrome. Diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in this form of parkinsonism are stressed.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Pain as a symptom of parkinsonism]. 356 67

The incidence of drug-induced dyskineses was evaluated in a group of 131 patients with Parkinson's disease on long-term treatment with L-DOPA preparations and the relationships were sought for between this incidence, and age of the patient at the onset of the disease and duration of treatment. Drug-induced dyskineses were observed in 79 (60%) patients. It was observed that their incidence was greater in patients with disease onset at a younger age. The mean age of disease onset in cases with dyskinesis development was nearly 10 years lower than the mean age of disease onset in those who had no dyskineses. In most cases of dyskinesis it developed already in the first year of treatment.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Dyskinesia as a complication of the treatment of Parkinson disease with L-dopa--clinical observations]. 409 40

The 5-HIAA/HVA ratio was determined in the cerebrospinal fluid in 5 patients with Parkinson's disease with L-DOPA preparations in which drug-induced dyskineses developed, in 5 patients treated with L-DOPA without dyskineses, and 10 controls. A decrease in the 5-HIAA/HVA ratio was observed in the group with dyskineses as compared with patients without dyskineses and in controls. The directions of further investigations on hte pathomechanism of drug-induced dyskineses are discussed.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Pathomechanism of dyskinesia associated with treatment of Parkinson disease with levodopa]. 617 92

The frequency of dyskinesias connected with L-DOPA treatment of certain extrapyramidal system diseases was studied. Among 111 studied patients with Parkinson's disease drug-induced dyskinesias were observed in 56 cases (that is 50% of the treated patients) while in the group of other extrapyramidal system diseases (torsion dystonia, Hallervorden-Spatz disease, Huntington's chorea with increased muscular tonus) they were observed in only 8 cases (of 73 treated ones - about 11%). Two groups of patients with Parkinson's disease were isolated - differing in the susceptibility to dyskinesia development: those susceptible to dyskinesia which developed nearly immediately after starting treatment, and those non-susceptible, in whom dyskinesia appeared only after years of treatment. The pathomechanism of drug-induced dyskinesia development in these groups is discussed.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Involuntary movements as a complication of treatment of extrapyramidal disorders with L-dopa]. 646 Feb

The authors report the results of treatment of hereditary extrapyramidal diseases with new preparations acting upon neurotransmitter systems. Patients with torsion dystonia, Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease, hereditary tremor, myoclonic epilepsy were followed-up for several years.. The best results in akinetic-rigidity syndromes (Parkinson's disease, rigid froms of torsion dystonia, Hallevorden-Spatz disease) were obtained with L-DOPA (including Sinemet, Nacom, Madopar) and in many patients these preparations were given in combination with other drugs (cholinolytic agents, Midantan) which contributed to compensation of the disturbed equilibrium of neurotransmitter systems and reduction of side effects. For decreasing the side effects of L-DOPA (hyperkineses of dystonic type, chorea and myoclonia) preparations from the group of phenothiazine and diazepine were given. In many cases improvement was achieved by slover increase of L-DOPA doses. In the hyperkinetic syndromes (Huntington's chorea, idiopathic tremor, myoclonic epilepsy, hyperkinetic torsion dystonia) preparations of phenothiazine, butyrophenone and new drugs active on the GABAergic system (Baclophen, Lyoresal, Pantogam) and diazepine (Clonazepam) were used. The analysis of the results shows that disturbed equilibrium of central neurotransmitters plays and important role in the pathogenesis of hereditary extrapyramidal system diseases.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Pathogenetic treatment of various hereditary extrapyramidal disorders with new drugs]. 732 7

This article, basing on experimental analysis and clinical observations, focuses on the role of subcortical structures in memory processes. It explained terminological problems and defined terms of memory: immediate, delayed, recent, remote, declarative and procedural. The present article pointed out functional hemispheric specialization as a predicator of material-specific forms of memory. Neuroanatomical basis was revealed, especially limbic system with its connections to prefrontal, cortical and brain stem regions. Amnesic Korsakoff and Wernicke syndromes, transient global amnesia, memory loss after bilateral damage of temporal lobes and after anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture, were also discussed. Next part exhibited current knowledge about definition of dementia which may be caused by many multi-focal brain diseases like multiinfarct (vascular) dementia, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease, and sclerosis multiplex, and compared to Alzheimer disease. Term of dementia was defined, according to Cummings and Benson, as syndrome of acquired intellectual dysfunction when three of the following mental functions are impaired: language, memory, visuospatial skills, emotion, and cognition (abstraction, calculation, judgement). There is little doubt that various subcortical diseases are characterised by similar, no specific dysfunctions of cognitive processes including: disturbed attention and concentration, slowness of mental processing, forgetfulness, personality alterations and mood disturbances as well as motivational impairment, visuospatial disturbances, absence of symptoms of cortical dysfunction such as aphasia, agnosia and apraxia and associated motor disorder. Review of the literature suggests that rapid forgetting and retrieval deficits are most often symptoms of memory deficits observed after subcortical brain injuries.
Psychiatr Pol
PMID:[Neuropsychological description of memory impairment following cortical and subcortical brain injuries]. 756 22

The paper reports the results of fetal substantia nigra transplantations into the brain of patients suffering from Parkinson's disease, performed in different neurosurgical centers in the world. Commonly accepted Ethical Guidelines for Fetal Tissue Transplantations are presented. The criteria regarding patients selection for therapeutic transplantation are also discussed. The results of studies concerning the problem of optimal fetal age for transplantations are presented. The optimal age seems to cover the period between the 7th gestational week when dopamine synthesis begins and the 11th week when protoplasmic processes start to grow intensively. The damage of these processes during transplantation procedure is thought to make the fetal cells survival difficult. The discussion concerning controversial problem of immunosuppression treatment after the neurotransplantation is also reported. The paper presents the principles of signs and symptoms assessment before and after operation including CAPIT system which emphasises the role of movement ability tests, PET-scanning with [18F]-6-L-fluorodopa and magnetic resonance imaging. The PET-scanning allows to follow up the changes in patient's brain resulting from the graft survival and its dopamine synthesis ability. The methods of donor woman examination to avoid the transmission of infections into the patient's brain are reviewed. The analysis of yet published results of about 100 operated on parkinsonian patients show marked improvement due to human fetal substantia nigra transplantation. The improvement lasts, at least 46 months postoperatively (the longest period of observation). Many of the grafted patients returned to normal self-dependent living activities and some of them resumed even their professional jobs. Most authors present the opinion that the therapeutic effects of fetal substantia nigra transplantations are more valuable and longer lasting than those after adrenal medulla autografts. However it should be borne in mind that both methods are yet only the experimental approach in Parkinson's disease therapy.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Neurotransplantation. III. Intracerebral grafting of fetal substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease]. 802 8

Before the intracerebral transplantations of adrenal medulla and fetal substantia nigra in parkinsonian patients were introduced to restore the dopamine deficit, many intensive experimental studies were performed during the last decades. The history of these experiments was presented including the animal models of Parkinson's disease, different implantation techniques and the effects of neurotransplantations of adrenal medulla and fetal substantia nigra obtained in experimental animals. Different mechanisms underlying the transplant-induced functional effects as well as the methods of its stimulation to extend the graft survival and function were described. The ability of intracerebral transplantations to ameliorate the symptoms in animal models of disorders other than Parkinson's disease is also discussed.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Neurotransplantations: experimental studies]. 823 38

The paper reports the results of adrenal medulla autotransplantations into the brain of parkinsonian patients performed up to now in many neurosurgical centers in the world. Different surgical techniques and methods of tissue preparation for transplantation are also reviewed. Core Assessment Program for Intracerebral Transplantation (CAPIT) is presented. This program was developed as an unified system for patients' diagnosis and evaluation of clinical signs and symptoms before and after transplantation. It enables direct comparison of the results obtained in different centers. Surgical risk depending on the method of operation is discussed. The mechanisms involved in functioning of adrenal medulla grafts are considered as well as the trials to improve graft survival and its activity in the host brain. The results of neuropathological studies from autopsy cases are also reported. The analysis of about 400 published cases shows moderate or marked clinical improvement due to adrenal medulla autotransplantation which was observed until 20 months postoperatively. The results indicate that the progress of Parkinson's disease becomes slower and the clinical symptoms are less severe. L-dopa doses might be decreased which is followed by the reduction of its side effects. The opinions from different neurosurgical centers evaluating adrenal medulla autografts vary depending on the results noticed after those neurotransplantations.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Neurotransplantation Part II. Autografts of adrenal medulla in Parkinson's disease]. 824 44


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