Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The treatment of Parkinson's disease is discussed. Levodopa is the most effective drug in this therapy. The place of other agents is discussed.
Postgrad Med J 1977 Dec
PMID:The treatment of Parkinson's disease. 34 79

We describe a method for the assay of urinary 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid (homovanillic acid), based on its separation on a microparticulate reversed-phase column and direct electrochemical detection. Patients with neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and Parkinson's disease have increased amounts of this compound in their urine.
Clin Chem 1979 Dec
PMID:Assay of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic (homovanillic) acid by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. 50 5

The authors studied the behaviour of the b wave in the ERG in patients with Parkinson's disease treated with L-Depa (Sinemet). The results demonstrated that a significant reduction of the voltage of the b wave coincides with a therapeutic overdose and side-effects of the neuropsychiatric type. The authors recommend, therefore, that a periodic ERG examination should be conducted in patients with Parkinson's disease during the course of treatment in order to prevent reactions from pharmacological overdosage.
J Fr Ophtalmol 1979 Dec
PMID:[Clinical value of electroretinographic tests in Parkinson's disease (author's transl)]. 53 73

Ventricular fluid concentrations of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the respective metabolites of dopamine and serotonin, were measured in 57 patients undergoing thalamotomy for relief of movement disorders. The diseases included were Parkinson disease, dystonia, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and posttraumatic or posthypoxic encephalopathy. Untreated parkinsonian patients had the lowest mean HVA level (119 ng per milliliter). Patients with multiple sclerosis or with posttraumatic or posthypoxic encephalopathy with both intellectual impairment and bilateral motor involvement had lower mean HVA levels (197 and 177 ng per milliliter, respectively) than cerebral palsy patients with bilateral motor disease (233 ng per milliliter), dystonia patients (246 ng per milliliter), or multiple sclerosis patients with normal intellect (376 ng per milliliter). The data suggest that diffuse cerebral disease may lead to diminished dopaminergic activity. Ventricular fluid 5-HIAA levels were similar in all groups of patients. Chronic cerebellar stimulation markedly increased ventricular fluid HVA and 5-HIAA levels, indicating that cerebellar stimulation affected cerebral dopaminergic and serotonergic systems.
Neurology 1978 Dec
PMID:Ventricular fluid homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations in patients with movement disorders. 56 83

Plasma levodopa and therapeutic responses to treatment with levodopa in combination with benserazide or carbidopa were studied in 49 patients with Parkinson disease not previously treated with levodopa in a blind randomized crossover trial. The treatment periods were 12 weeks; similar dosage schedules were used, with doses that induced equal levels of plasma levodopa in both combinations. In pretrial studies of plasma levodopa responses, 200 mg of levodopa and 50 mg of benserazide was equal to 250 mg of levodopa combined with 25 mg of carbidopa. Equal plasma levodopa responses to both combinations were also found during the trial. There was no significant difference between the treatment groups in beneficial effects on parkinsonian disability and individual symptoms or in the frequency of involuntary movements. However, nausea and vomiting occurred significantly more often during treatment with levodopa and carbidopa than during treatment with levodopa and benserazide. This difference was probably due to inadequate inhibition of peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor by the 1:10 ratio of carbidopa to levodopa.
Neurology 1979 Dec
PMID:Levodopa with benserazide or carbidopa in Parkinson disease. 57 21

Patients with Parkinson's disease performed several different stereotyped elbow flexion tasks, and the electromyographic (EMG) patterns from biceps and triceps were compared with previously established normal standards. The EMG pattern during a smooth flexion task was almost always abnormal and was characterized by alternating activity in biceps and triceps. The EMG patterns during a fast flexion task were also usually abnormal although they were always composed of bursts of EMG activity of normal duration appearing alternately in the agonist and antagonist muscles. These bursts, associated with movements of the limb, have a superficially similar appearance to the EMG bursts seen with tremor-at-rest, but certain physiological differences are demonstrated. This study demonstrates that both slow (ramp) and fast (ballistic) movements are clearly abnormal in these patients with disease of the basal ganglia. In a task designed to investigate antagonist inhibition before agonist activity, a majority of the patients performed normally. This suggests that, contrary to previous claims, slowness of movement (akinesia/bradykinesia) is not due either to failure to relax or to rigidity of antagonist muscle.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1977 Dec
PMID:Analysis of stereotyped voluntary movements at the elbow in patients with Parkinson's disease. 59 80

In Parkinson's disease, the concentration of homovanillic acid (HVA) was reduced in lumbar CSF from patients with idiopathic Parkinsonism (n = 54, P less than 0.05) and post-encephalitic Parkinsonism (n = 19, P less than 0.01). The reduction in the concentrations of 5-hydroxyindolylacetic acid (5-HIAA) was not significant, and there was no alteration in the levels of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethylene glycol (MHPG). Treatment with L-dopa increased the concentration of HVA in the CSF (P less than 0.05) but had no effect on the levels of 5-HIAA and MHPG. Carbidopa given in combinations with L-dopa produced similar CSF concentrations of dopa as did L-dopa alone but caused less than half the rise in HVA. Fourteen patients who became functionally independent on treatment with L-dopa had higher 5-HIAA levels than 23 patients who showed no such improvement (P less than 0.001), suggesting that intact 5-hydroxyltryptamine neurones may be important in the therapeutic response to L-dopa. In a variety of movement disorders, the levels of HVA, 5-HIAA, and MHPG were not significantly different from age-matched controls. Treatment with tetrabenazine did not significantly alter the metabolite levels in patients in whom it produced either improvement, or side effects.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1977 Dec
PMID:CSF studies on the relationship between dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in Parkinsonism and other movement disorders. 59 81

Twenty-six patients affected by Parkinson's disease were treated with a 2-Br-alpha-ergocriptine (CB 154): 14 cases were given CB 154 alone, and 12 were given CB 154 along with L-dopa plus benserazide (Madopar). Both CB 154 and combined therapy (CB 154+Madopar) induced a significant improvement in total disability score, tremor, rigidity, akinesia, self-sufficiency, and some motor performance tests (dynamic tests). No significant difference was found between results obtained with CB 154 therapy and with Madopar treatment, while the improvement induced by combined therapy (CB 154+Madopar) was significantly higher than that obtained by Madopar alone. The averse reactions caused by CB 154 alone or associated with Madopar are similar to those observed during other dopaminergic treatment. CB 154 alone or combined with Madopar appears to be a useful advance in the management of Parkinson's disease.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1977 Dec
PMID:Bromocriptine alone or associated with L-dopa plus benserazide in Parkinson's disease. 59 82

Using psychiatric interviews, sexual and affect rating scales, hormonal studies, and neurologic assessment, the authors assessed the effect of L-dopa treatment on men with Parkinson's disease. Patients demonstrated variable affect changes. Approximately one-half of the patients reported an increased sexual interest that was not related to improvement in locomotor function. Hormonal factors appeared to be involved. The findings suggest that male parkinsonian patients who possess an intact hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis experience increased sexual function related to L-dopa treatment.
Am J Psychiatry 1978 Dec
PMID:Sexual function and affect in parkinsonian men treated with L-dopa. 71 78

Visual evoked potentials elicited by reversing grating patterns were recorded in 35 patients with Parkinson's disease and in 26 controls. The average latency of evoked potentials in patients with Parkinson's disease exceeded by two standard deviations the average of the age-matched control group of other neurological patients. Over two-thirds of all patients with Parkinson's disease had abnormal latency. In these patients latency did not correlate with age. In 5 patients the latency became less prolonged on levodopa therapy, suggesting that catecholaminergic pathways have either indirect or direct effects on the generation of visual evoked potentials. Extrapyramidal connections of the visual cortex, as well as retinal dopaminergic neurons, require further study in Parkinson's disease.
Brain 1978 Dec
PMID:Measurements of visual evoked potentials in Parkinson's disease. 73 24


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