Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The control of unimanual and bimanual aiming movements by Parkinson's disease and control subjects was examined. Despite greater bimanual movement initiation asynchrony and overall bradykinesia, the Parkinson's disease subjects were affected by the experimental manipulations in the same way as controls. Symmetrical and, more especially, asymmetrical bimanual movements required more preparation time and were executed more slowly by both groups than were unimanual movements. Both groups also showed temporal linkage of movements to targets of different extents--movements which have different movement times when performed unimanually, as well as of the faster and slower limbs. A majority in both groups over-compensated for asynchrony in bimanual movement initiation by modulation of movement times, but there was no group difference in this tendency. The results are discussed in terms of underlying motor control processes and with regard to previous evidence for impaired control of simultaneous movements in Parkinson's disease.
 ...
PMID:The control of bimanual aiming movements in Parkinson's disease. 334 87

Manganese (Mn) poisoning, a well-known hazard in miners and industrial workers, shares many features with Parkinson's disease. Two young agricultural workers with a parkinsonian syndrome, who mentioned exposure to the fungicide maneb (manganese ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate), led us to investigate a new possible source of Mn intoxication. Fifty male rural workers with occupational exposure to maneb were compared with 19 rural workers without fungicide exposure. We noted significantly higher prevalence of plastic rigidity with cogwheel phenomenon, headache, fatigue, nervousness, memory complaints, and sleepiness in the exposed group. In addition, we saw other neurologic signs, such as postural tremor, cerebellar signs, and bradykinesia, although without statistical significance. The data suggest that occupational exposure to pesticides containing Mn is a possible source of Mn intoxication of the CNS.
 ...
PMID:Chronic exposure to the fungicide maneb may produce symptoms and signs of CNS manganese intoxication. 335 9

The relationship between severity of disease, intellectual impairment, and depression was examined in 50 patients with Parkinson's disease. A significant correlation between severity of disease and intellectual impairment suggests that both may result from the same subcortical lesions. Depression was not significantly related either to severity of disease or to intellectual impairment. This suggests that the relationship between severity of disease and intellectual impairment was not an artifact of increasing depression. Severity of rigidity and of bradykinesia did predict severity of intellectual decline, but severity of tremor predicted better intellectual status. Patients with a predominance of tremor may have a more benign clinical course as well as better intellectual function than patients with a predominance of rigidity and bradykinesia.
 ...
PMID:Relationship of motor symptoms, intellectual impairment, and depression in Parkinson's disease. 340 93

Sixty-four cases of idiopathic Parkinson's disease were studied focusing the neuropsychological performance. To all subjects a brief mental status questionnaire was administered (30 items). Cases with a performance below normal and meeting the dementia criteria of the Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition (DSM III), were considered demented. This evaluation showed that 12 of the 64 patients had dementia, a prevalence rate of 18.7%. Patients that had neuropsychological performance below normal showed more severe bradykinesia than normals. Short term memory, abstract thinking, visual gnosia, calculations, dynamic motor function of hands, constructional ability and recent memory were the most affected psychological functions. The significance of the mentioned findings is discussed and the literature reviewed.
 ...
PMID:[Neuropsychological dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease: a study of 64 cases]. 342 18

In an open pilot study, 10 patients with Parkinson's disease and nocturnal and/or early-morning disabilities were given Madopar HBS (hydrodynamically balanced system; mean dose 250 mg) shortly before retiring in addition to their usual daytime antiparkinsonian treatment. Eight patients derived worthwhile improvement; the most gratifying responses were seen in the relief of nocturnal bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor. Early-morning symptoms were also improved in 3 out of 5 patients, possibly as a secondary response to an improved nights sleep. Cramps, early-morning dystonia and pain, however, responded poorly. Overall results are sufficiently encouraging to warrant further controlled studies with Madopar HBS in what has been a relatively neglected area of distress for many patients with Parkinson's disease.
 ...
PMID:A sustained-release formulation of L-dopa (Madopar HBS) in the treatment of nocturnal and early-morning disabilities in Parkinson's disease. 342 6

Twelve Parkinson disease (PD) patients were submitted to a single night of total sleep deprivation (SD). Disease duration had a median of 5.1 years and all were using either anticholinergic or L-Dopa or the combination of both drugs. After SD there was an improvement of rigidity, bradykinesia, gait and posture disturbances and functional disability that remained significant for 2 weeks. No effect was observed on tremor. Concerning depressive symptoms, a significant difference was noted, that remained for one week. These results suggest that SD may be an useful procedure to improve PD symptomatology. It is discussed a possible change of dopaminergic receptors, induced by SD, to explain the improvement.
 ...
PMID:Total sleep deprivation and Parkinson disease. 343 4

Sixty patients with Parkinson's disease were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests. Using regression data from a matched normal control sample, age- and education-residualized test scores were obtained for the patients. Three clusters of patients were identified: those with both verbal memory and visuospatial reasoning disorders (n = 24), those with memory impairment only (n = 17) and those with normal intellectual function (n = 12). Analysis of variance and planned comparisons (Newman-Keuls) were performed to detect group differences. No difference on 9 memory measures were found between the 2 memory-impaired groups. However, these groups differed significantly on all memory measures from the group with normal function. The 2 memory-impaired groups also differed significantly from each other on all 7 measures of visuospatial reasoning. The group with memory loss only was significantly younger than the group with both visuospatial and memory impairment and also demonstrated less bradykinesia. Otherwise, there were no group differences in the severity of motor signs, disease duration or duration of levodopa therapy. These findings support a different etiology for motor and intellectual deficits in Parkinson's disease.
 ...
PMID:Subtypes of Parkinson's disease defined by intellectual impairment. 347 20

N-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a potent dopaminergic neurotoxin, was administered to cats systemically for 5 to 7 days. This treatment produced a behavioral syndrome characterized by akinesia, ataxia, bradykinesia, and feeding difficulties, lasting for several weeks. During this period of severe behavioral impairment, caudate and nucleus accumbens dopamine and norepinephrine concentrations were quite depleted. Behavioral recovery ensued over the next several weeks as did some recovery of striatal catecholamines. MPTP destroyed the majority of substantia nigra pars compacta neurons while affecting a much lesser number of locus ceruleus and ventral tegmental neurons. These results demonstrated for the first time that MPTP can cause long-lasting deficits in nigrostriatal functioning in the cat and may provide a means for studying the apparently selective neurotoxic effects of MPTP as well as for understanding the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.
 ...
PMID:Production of a Parkinson-like syndrome in the cat with N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP): behavior, histology, and biochemistry. 348 7

Infusion of MPTP (0.2-0.8 mg/kg) into the right internal carotid artery of monkeys produces toxin-induced injury to the right nigrostriatal pathway with sparing of other dopaminergic neurones on the infused side and with negligible or little injury to the opposite, untreated side. There are contralateral limb dystonic postures, rigidity, and bradykinesia, but the animals are able to eat and maintain health without drug treatment. Spontaneous motor activity is attended by circling towards the injured side, whereas treatment with L-DOPA/-carbidopa or apomorphine stimulates circling towards the intact side. Dopamine and dopamine metabolite levels are normal in the left caudate and putamen, but markedly depressed on the right (MPTP-treated) side. This animal hemiparkinsonian model will be useful in studies of volitional movement control, drug treatments of Parkinson's disease, and functional efficacy of brain tissue implants.
 ...
PMID:Hemiparkinsonism in monkeys after unilateral internal carotid artery infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). 348 91

The study concerns symptoms and behavioral characteristics induced by MPTP in a 20-year-old Macaca cynomolgus fascicularis, their evolution over 7 months, and the animal's response to 1-dopa treatment. The symptoms which the animal developed include those that have been described earlier in Macaca mulatta and Saimiri sciureus, i.e., rigidity, action tremor, postural tremor, postural flexion, hypokinesia, and bradykinesia. In addition, however, the animal developed a 3.8 Hz resting tremor which in humans is pathognomonic of Parkinson's disease, as well as cogwheeling, the glabellar tap sign, drooling, impaired ability to relax, and many other symptoms. Also unlike previously described MPTP monkeys, the animal's symptoms neither improved spontaneously, nor did they remain stable shortly after MPTP injection. Instead, symptoms steadily progressed to reach a severe status 2 months after MPTP, and further progression was apparent after another 5 months. Therapeutic responses to 1-dopa required accumulation of or kindling by the 100 mg unit doses that were spaced 4 hr apart, were often organized in time as ON episodes that alternated with OFF episodes, and were associated with dyskinesias and bizarre behavior. Of particular interest is that the animal showed kinesia paradoxa which, in humans, constitutes a feature that is unique to Parkinson's disease among the extrapyramidal disorders. In addition to available evidence, the present findings validate the syndrome induced by MPTP in monkey as an animal analogue of Parkinson's disease. Taxonomic category, age, and the occurrence of shock in response to MPTP are discussed as variables that may possibly co-determine the pathology which MPTP may induce in monkey.
 ...
PMID:Symptoms and behavioral features induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in an old Java monkey [Macaca cynomolgus fascicularis (Raffles)]. 348 98


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10