Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 68 year-old woman had been taking flunarizine 10 mg daily for 10 weeks when she developed severe bradykinesia and rigidity, resting tremor of both hands, akathisia, buccolinguofacial dyskinesias and depressed mood. Flunarizine was discontinued. After 3 months the patient was asymptomatic. This case and data from the literature suggest that extrapyramidal symptoms and depression may be observed even at the recommended daily dose of 10 mg. Flunarizine should be avoided in patients with Parkinson's disease. Patients on flunarizine should be watched for depressive and extrapyramidal signs, especially those aged over 60.
 ...
PMID:[Extrapyramidal syndrome during treatment with flunarizine]. 307 Jun 97

A multicenter trial was conducted at 9 Neurology Departments to evaluate the action of L-Deprenyl, a specific monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor, combined with L-Dopa in the treatment of Parkinson disease. In all, 76 patients were treated, 33 women and 43 men, on stable treatment with L-Dopa+ aromatic decarboxylase inhibitors (DI) for at least 6 months. After a 50% reduction of the L-Dopa dose, all received L-Deprenyl 5 mg twice daily for 35 day. The combined treatment resulted in a definite improvement in rigidity, bradykinesia and, most of all, tremor. Further, at the end of treatment fewer patients had depressive symptoms and the total daily number of hours of wellbeing and normal movement increased. 12 patients presented modest side effects, in no case serious enough to warrant suspension of treatment. The trial shows that with the L-Deprenyl + L-Dopa combination the dose of L-Dopa needed to control the disease can be drastically reduced.
 ...
PMID:Multicenter trial of L-Deprenyl in Parkinson disease. 308 93

Data from a descriptive study of idiopathic Parkinson's disease were analysed aimed at getting a clearer picture of the impact of the disease on the community and the help available to patients and carers. Altogether 267 patients aged 40-92 were identified, and the median duration of disease in those in whom this could be assessed was 7.2 years. Of the 267 patients, 204 (76.4%) were living in the community, 51 alone. A total of 201 patients were taking levodopa, 29 out of 102 had retired early, and 60 out of 84 (71.4%) had given up driving. Most patients had symptoms at the time of study, and signs such as bradykinesia, rigidity, impaired speech, and abnormal gait were often moderate or severe. Of 214 patients whose disease was assessed using the scoring system of Hoehn and Yahr, 78 (36.4%) had grade 4 and 23 (10.7%) grade 5 disability. Despite this, however, 105 of 265 patients (39.6%) were not subject to regular medical review and only 57 of 227 patients (25.1%) had been seen by an occupational therapist, 16 (7.0%) by a physiotherapist, and 10 (4.4%) by a speech therapist. Patients with Parkinson's disease may benefit from regular medical review and being seen by therapists.
 ...
PMID:Parkinson's disease: disability, review, and management. 309 77

Lisuride, a semisynthetic dopaminergic ergot derivative, was administered in 34 patients with Parkinson's disease (mean age 67.5 years, average duration of illness 7.1 years, mostly stage IV) in an average oral dosage of 1.2 to 1.5 mg (range 0.4 to 3.0 mg) in addition to basic treatment with levodopa and decarboxylase inhibitor. Duration of combined treatment was 3 to 44 months. Daily dose of levodopa could be reduced by 13 to 34%. In the short-term group (3 months) the total disability score improved by 50%, and in the long-term group (up to 44 months) by 46%, with improvement of rigidity, tremor, speech and repeated movements, less of bradykinesia. Similar to treatment with dopamine agonists, after 18 to 24 months, despite increased dosage of levodopa, a slight increase of some clinical features of parkinsonism, particularly bradykinesia and gait disorders, were observed. Daily fluctuation and on-off symptoms often improved in intensity, but were eliminated only in a small number of patients. Discontinuation of lisuride due to adverse effects was necessary in 17.6%. Often, however, preexisting adverse effects of levodopa therapy, particularly psychiatric complications, responded favorably. Lisuride is a new effective agent in the combination treatment of advanced stages of parkinsonism.
 ...
PMID:[Lisuride in the combination treatment of Parkinson disease]. 311 Oct 99

Patients with Parkinson's disease may have more difficulty performing repetitive motor acts than single motor acts because of bradykinesia and skeletal muscle rigidity. We thought that repetitive ventilatory tasks might be similarly limited and that this dysfunction would likely contribute to respiratory muscle fatigue. We studied 9 patients with Parkinson's disease who had no evidence of restrictive or obstructive lung disease and 5 normal age-matched control subjects who performed repetitive, forced inspiratory resistive-loaded tasks. The time a given mean airway opening pressure could be sustained, the incremental oxygen cost of breathing, and the work rate of breathing (W) were measured. Although maximal static inspiratory pressures were comparable in both groups, 8 of the 9 patients could not sustain as high a W in the resistive-loaded tasks as could the normal control subjects (41.0 +/- 23.0 versus 67.7 +/- 29.1 J/min; mean +/- SD, p less than 0.01) and the efficiency of breathing was reduced (2.0 +/- 0.8 versus 3.8 +/- 1.4%; p less than 0.01). These findings are similar to derangements of task performance by peripheral skeletal muscle groups in Parkinson's disease.
 ...
PMID:Respiratory muscle dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. 319 26

Nursing interventions for each of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, tremors at rest and postural reflex abnormalities, are designed to increase the patient's quality of life by minimizing symptoms. Nurses are responsible for planning patient medication schedules to maximize drug effectiveness. Dietary implications include a low-protein regimen for the patient during the day, eliminating foods high in Vitamin B6, high caloric foods, and soft-solid foods offered at frequent feedings. Constipation is addressed by increasing the patient's fiber and fluid intake and by increasing the patient's mobility. Patient mobility is increased when the patient is taught purposeful activities and to concentrate on the way he walks. Communication is facilitated if the patient takes deep breaths before speaking and uses diaphragmatic speech. A telephone receiver which amplifies the patient's voice is also available. Interventions are good only if the patient chooses to implement them; he is the head of the health team planning his care.
 ...
PMID:Nursing care of patients with Parkinson's disease. 322 57

Systemic administration of high doses of MPTP caused transient bradykinesia, "freezing" episodes, head tremors, hunching of the back and peripheral autonomic effects. Neurological syndrome was clearly dose-dependent. It has been established that Parkinson's syndrome is caused by high-amplitude paroxysmal discharges in the nucleus caudatis. It is concluded that the nucleus caudatis plays the role of a pathological determinant structure in the development of Parkinson's syndrome induced by MPTP.
 ...
PMID:[Experimental parkinsonian syndrome in rats induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine]. 325 64

The distribution of cerebral blood flow and metabolism is related to neuronal activity. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in ten patients with Parkinson's disease and five age-matched normal control subjects were measured with positron emission tomography (PET) using 15O2, C15O2 steady state inhalational technique to investigate functional changes of the cortex and the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease. All patients had no history of cerebrovascular disease and CT scan showed no abnormal findings except for moderate cerebral atrophy in only one patient. When the level of clinical disability was related on the scale of Hoehn and Yahr, one patient was stage I, four were stage II, four were stage III, and one was stage IV. Psychic symptoms which include hallucination, depression, and dementia were recognized in four patients. One of these four patients was mildly demented. Four patients were newly diagnosed and had never been treated with antiparkinsonian medication before. Before the patients had their PET study their antiparkinsonian medication was discontinued for more than three days. But in two patients PET study was performed without discontinuity of antiparkinsonian medication. The values for regional CBF and regional CMRO2 were lower in the patients than in the normal control subjects, especially in the frontal cortex there was a significant decrease of CBF and CMRO2. There was no discrepancy between CBF and CMRO2 both in the patients and the normal control. CBF and CMRO2 in the cortex and the basal ganglia were not correlated with the severity of tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in patients with Parkinson's disease]. 326 73

Budipine, a new 4,4-diphenylpiperidine derivative, and placebo were administered three times daily to 31 patients with Parkinson's disease over a period of 12 weeks. All patients in the two treatment groups received levodopa (plus benserazide) at an optimum and constant dose for at least 2 months before the start of the study and throughout the trial. The additional administration of budipine (daily dose 60 mg) was excellently tolerated by 14 patients, while 2 patients left the study because of mental confusion at an early stage of the trial. The budipine group showed a 22% improvement on the Columbia Rating Scale (median score). Compared with the placebo group (4% improvement), there was a highly significant difference (P less than 0.01, one-tailed test). Of the three main symptoms of Parkinson's disease, the best effect was seen on tremor, and less pronounced effects on bradykinesia and rigidity. Owing to its long half-life (31 h) with little plasma level fluctuations, budipine appears to be an effective agent in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
 ...
PMID:Adjuvant treatment of Parksinson's disease with budipine: a double-blind trial versus placebo. 330 21

We evaluated 32 patients with Parkinson's disease in a double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study with ciladopa (a troponylpiperazine derivative). The dosages administered were 5 mg b.i.d. and 15 mg b.i.d. Significant improvement was found in the gait scores and in the total disability scores in the high dose group (p less than 0.05). In addition, there was a trend toward improvement, though not significant, in the bradykinesia and rigidity scores in the high dose group and in the disability scores in the low dose group. Four patients in the low dose group and five patients in the high dose group decreased their Sinemet doses while no patients increased their Sinemet dose. There were no adverse effects observed in this study. These findings suggest that ciladopa may be an efficacious agent in Parkinson's disease. The low incidence of adverse effects with this agent suggests that higher doses may be utilized and may prove to be more effective.
 ...
PMID:A double-blind evaluation of ciladopa in Parkinson's disease. 333 14


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>