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Query: UMLS:C0030567 (
Parkinson's disease
)
63,064
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Mirror writing was done in 72 preschool children, 40 school children, 60 mentally retarded school children, 40 normal adults, 37 patients suffering from cerebrovascular diseases with or without aphasia and 13 patients with
Parkinson's disease
. The results showed that total
mirror writing
was demonstrated in only 2 cases and partial
mirror writing
with the left hand in 72 cases and with the right hand in 16 cases. The incidence of
mirror writing
in writing with left hand was higher (45.8%) in preschool children. It gradually decreased to 43.3% in mentally retarded school children, 24.3% in cerebrovascular disease (CVD) patients, 10.0% in school children, 7.7% in
Parkinson's disease
(PD) patients and 2.5% in normal adults. The relationships between
mirror writing
and left/right disorientation, between
mirror writing
and development of Chinese writing language and between
mirror writing
and higher cerebral function were observed.
...
PMID:Mirror writing of Chinese characters in children and neurologic patients. 161 13
Twenty-eight cases of
mirror writing
were seen during a period of three and a half years. These consisted of 12 patients with essential tremor, nine with
Parkinson's disease
, three with spino-cerebellar degeneration and four other cases. There were no cases of hemiparesis, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia or confusion. Fragmentary reversals were excluded from this study. Since essential tremor, Parkinsonian tremor and cerebellar tremor can be abolished by a stereotaxic produce applied to the thalamus, a common neural pathway via the thalamic nuclei may exist in these disorders. The existence is therefore proposed of some neural mechanism that controls the higher cerebral function of writing via the thalamus.
...
PMID:The aetiology of mirror writing: a new hypothesis. 343 91
Thirty-five patients with
Parkinson's disease
(PD) and 35 normal subjects were investigated using handedness, the writing part of the Chinese Aphasic Examination Scale. All subjects were instructed to write with their left and right hands. Among them, 19 cases of PD and 19 controls were examined by intelligence, visuo-spatial perception and visual memory tests. Seven of the 35 PD patients (20.0%) and three out of 35 normal subjects (8.6%) showed
mirror writing
when they were asked to write with their left hand. The percentage of occurrence of
mirror writing
in PD patients was higher, but not statistically significant, and the degree of
mirror writing
more severe. Mirror writing in PD may be related to the PD per se, educational level and ageing. In the PD group, the intelligence of the seven cases with
mirror writing
was significantly lower than the others, but visuo-spatial perception and visual memory showed no significant difference except for the Stick-Frame Test. It is suggested that
mirror writing
in PD may be related to intelligence but not to visuo-spatial perception and visual memory. In this paper the classification criteria of
mirror writing
is suggested.
...
PMID:Mirror writing of Chinese characters in patients with Parkinson's disease. 1859 Oct 2
