Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A chart review from 151 dysphonic patients over the age of 60 was done to define aging related voice disorders. Overwhelmingly, patients suffered from dysphonia due to disease processes associated with aging rather than to physiologic aging alone. These include: 1. central neurological disorders affecting laryngeal function (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, Alzheimer's disease); 2. benign vocal fold lesions (e.g., Reinke's edema, benign and dysplastic epithelial lesions); 3. inflammatory disorders (e.g., laryngitis sicca, medication effect); 4. laryngeal neoplasia; and 5. laryngeal paralysis. Typical laryngeal findings of vocal fold bowing and breathiness consistent with presbylarynges were present in only six patients. Presbylarynges is not a common disorder and should be a diagnosis of exclusion made only after careful medical and speech evaluation.
 ...
PMID:Dysphonia in the aging: physiology versus disease. 173 85

Fluency disorders other than stuttering, which is the major and above all most known form, can be observed and require rehabilitation. Fluency is the quality which enables speech to flow effortlessly with a comfortable delivery, pace and simple transitions. Acquired over a period of several years during childhood, fluency can be altered by numerous neurological syndromes, such as Parkinson's disease, spasmodic dysphonia, or substitution phonations such as the esophageal or tracheoesophageal voice. Their severity is variable and judged above all by the efficacy of communication. Management of the duration and spacing of language segments and their homogeneity with respect to meaning are just as important as the stability of the phonatory organs.
 ...
PMID:[Disfluency disorders other than stuttering]. 892 26

We report a patient with advanced Parkinson's disease, including severe and frequent off periods with freezing of gait, moderate dysphonia, and some cognitive impairment, who underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation. The patient was followed for 1 year after surgery, showing persistent good mobility without off periods and without freezing, which reverted completely when stopping the stimulation. There was deterioration of cognition as well as increased aphonia and drooling, all of which remained when the stimulation was turned off. The striking improvement in motor symptoms following STN stimulation was not paralleled by improvement in disability, probably as a result of a cognitive decline, suggesting a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease with dementia. We conclude that chronic STN stimulation is efficient in alleviating akinetic motor symptoms including gait freezing; this surgery should be offered before patients start to exhibit speech or cognitive disturbances.
 ...
PMID:Bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in a parkinsonian patient with preoperative deficits in speech and cognition: persistent improvement in mobility but increased dependency: a case study. 1063 53

We report on the case of a 69-year-old woman with Parkinson's disease and long-standing history of spasmodic dysphonia that reversed during an episode of transient global amnesia (TGA). To our knowledge, this phenomenon has not been reported before. We suggest possible mechanisms by which the pathophysiology of dystonia could reverse during TGA.
 ...
PMID:Normalization of voice in spasmodic dysphonia during transient global amnesia. 1595 30

Laryngeal physiology depends on dynamic neuromuscular forces acting on a basic framework of cartilage and specialized soft tissues, that is, the vocal folds. A working understanding of this organ in health and disease requires knowledge of specific neurological processes that may affect voice, swallowing, and airway regulation. Neuromuscular impairment continues to be a dominant topic in the study of laryngeal disorders. This subcommittee presentation reviews important aspects of the neurolaryngeal history and physical examination. After this foundation, 4 common movement disorders affecting the larynx are covered in separate subsections. These are stroke, Parkinson's disease, laryngeal tremor, and spasmodic dysphonia. State-of-the-art reviews reflecting our understanding of these clinical issues are presented in this summary.
 ...
PMID:Common movement disorders affecting the larynx: a report from the neurolaryngology committee of the AAO-HNS. 1627 88

This article describes an unusual presentation of pleomorphic adenoma arising from accessory parotid tissue. A patient who had recently been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, presented with worsening dysphonia. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound guided core biopsies confirmed the diagnosis and the mass was removed by extra capsular dissection through a lip split mandibulotomy approach. This case confirms the need for careful examination of the oropharynx in patients with preexisting neurological conditions that develop speech disturbance. It also demonstrates the importance of these imaging techniques in the diagnosis of parapharyngeal lesions.
 ...
PMID:Pleomorphic adenoma arising from accessory parotid tissue presenting as dysphonia. 1909 Mar 91

The focus of this article is the palliative treatment of a variety of dysphonic conditions. Symptomatic relief of hoarseness can be achieved by voice therapy, augmentative alternative communication modalities, and surgery. The causes of dysphonia addressed herein include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, head and neck cancers requiring glossectomy or laryngectomy, unilateral vocal fold paralysis, and presbyphonia. Palliative treatment of dysphonia and voice disorders provides symptomatic relief but not a cure of the underlying disease state. For these patients there are a number of palliative interventions that can greatly improve their quality of life.
 ...
PMID:Palliative treatment of dysphonia and dysarthria. 1913 94

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological illness which impairs motor skills, speech, and other functions such as mood, behavior, thinking, and sensation. It causes vocal impairment for approximately 90% of the patients. As the symptoms of PD occur gradually and mostly targeting the elderly people for whom physical visits to the clinic are inconvenient and costly, telemonitoring of the disease using measurements of dysphonia (vocal features) has a vital role in its early diagnosis. Such dysphonia features extracted from the voice come in variety and most of them are interrelated. The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to select a minimal subset of features with maximal joint relevance to the PD-score, a binary score indicating whether or not the sample belongs to a person with PD; and (2) to build a predictive model with minimal bias (i.e. to maximize the generalization of the predictions so as to perform well with unseen test examples). For these tasks, we apply the mutual information measure with the permutation test for assessing the relevance and the statistical significance of the relations between the features and the PD-score, rank the features according to the maximum-relevance-minimum-redundancy (mRMR) criterion, use a Support Vector Machine (SVM) for building a classification model and test it with a more suitable cross-validation scheme that we called leave-one-individual-out that fits with the dataset in hand better than the conventional bootstrapping or leave-one-out validation methods.
 ...
PMID:Telediagnosis of Parkinson's disease using measurements of dysphonia. 2070 13

We present an assessment of the practical value of existing traditional and non-standard measures for discriminating healthy people from people with Parkinson's disease (PD) by detecting dysphonia. We introduce a new measure of dysphonia, Pitch Period Entropy (PPE), which is robust to many uncontrollable confounding effects including noisy acoustic environments and normal, healthy variations in voice frequency. We collected sustained phonations from 31 people, 23 with PD. We then selected 10 highly uncorrelated measures, and an exhaustive search of all possible combinations of these measures finds four that in combination lead to overall correct classification performance of 91.4%, using a kernel support vector machine. In conclusion, we find that non-standard methods in combination with traditional harmonics-to-noise ratios are best able to separate healthy from PD subjects. The selected non-standard methods are robust to many uncontrollable variations in acoustic environment and individual subjects, and are thus well-suited to telemonitoring applications.
 ...
PMID:Suitability of dysphonia measurements for telemonitoring of Parkinson's disease. 2139 44

Vocal tremor is characterized by involuntary rhythmic modulations of pitch and loudness and is best perceived during sustained phonation of vowels. It is most often present in individuals affected by neurogenic disorders such as Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular dystrophy, spasmodic dysphonia, and essential tremor. Vocal tremor does not appear to be responsive to systemic pharmaceutical management but may benefit from injection of botulinum toxin (i.e., Botox) into affected musculature. However, many individuals do not tolerate the potential side effects of severe breathiness and difficulty swallowing associated with Botox injections. In this article, we summarize the speech evaluation and treatment methods successfully used with an individual with essential vocal tremor. Methods used for characterizing the individual's vocal tremor patterns and the ensuing rationale for behavioral intervention is provided. The outcomes of this case example motivated consideration of speech treatment as a beneficial strategy for some individuals with vocal tremor.
 ...
PMID:Development of a speech treatment program for a client with essential vocal tremor. 2149 58


1 2 3 4 Next >>