Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We analyzed the 1986-1997 mortality in a cohort of 2065 residents of an Italian municipality which had been exposed to drinking water with a high content of inorganic selenium over a long period of time, and compared it with mortality in the remainder of the municipal population. Mortality from malignant neoplasms increased [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-1.42], mainly due to an excess mortality from melanoma and colorectal cancer in both sexes, kidney cancer in men, and lymphoid malignancies in women. Overall cardiovascular mortality changed little (SMR 1.05, 95% CI 0.89-1.23), despite the higher cerebrovascular mortality (SMR 1.43, 95% CI 1.03-1.93). Coronary disease mortality slightly decreased (SMR 0.87, 95% CI 0.63-1.16), due to a low mortality among women. We also noted an excess mortality from Parkinson's disease in men and from motor neuron disease in women. Evaluation of these findings is, however, hampered by the lack of information about potential lifestyle confounders, the fact that the exposure could only be characterized by a simple dichotomization, and the inconsistencies of most estimates between the two sexes.
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PMID:Mortality in a population with long-term exposure to inorganic selenium via drinking water. 1102 40

Multi-morbidity is common among older adults; however, for many aging-related diseases there is no information for U.S. elderly population on how earlier-manifested disease affects the risk of another disease manifested later during patient's lifetime. Quantitative evaluation of risks of cancer and non-cancer diseases for older adults with pre-existing conditions is performed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Registry data linked to the Medicare Files of Service Use (MFSU). Using the SEER-Medicare data containing individual records for 2,154,598 individuals, we empirically evaluated age patterns of incidence of age-associated diseases diagnosed after the onset of earlier manifested disease and compared these patterns with those in general population. Individual medical histories were reconstructed using information on diagnoses coded in MFSU, dates of medical services/procedures, and Medicare enrollment/disenrollment. More than threefold increase of subsequent diseases risk was observed for 15 disease pairs, majority of them were i) diseases of the same organ and/or system (e.g., Parkinson disease for patients with Alzheimer disease, HR=3.77, kidney cancer for patients with renal failure, HR=3.28) or ii) disease pairs with primary diseases being fast-progressive cancers (i.e., lung, kidney, and pancreas), e.g., ulcer (HR=4.68) and melanoma (HR=4.15) for patients with pancreatic cancer. Lower risk of subsequent disease was registered for 20 disease pairs, mostly among patients with Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, e.g., decreased lung cancer risk among patients with Alzheimer's (HR=0.64) and Parkinson's (HR=0.60) disease. Synergistic and antagonistic dependences in geriatric disease risks were observed among US elderly confirming known and detecting new associations of wide spectrum of age-associated diseases. The results can be used in optimization of screening, prevention and treatment strategies of chronic diseases among U.S. elderly population.
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PMID:Morbidity risks among older adults with pre-existing age-related diseases. 2406 64

Sulfatides (3-O-sulfogalactosylceramides, sulfated galactocerebrosides, SM4) are esters of sulfuric acid with galactosylceramides. These acidic glycosphingolipids, present at the external leaflet of the plasma membrane, are synthesized by a variety of mammalian cells. They are especially abundant in the myelin sheath of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Studies using cerebroside galactosyltransferase-deficient mice revealed that sulfatides are responsible for proper structure and functioning of myelin. Large amounts of sulfatides are also found in the kidney, gastrointestinal tract, islets of Langerhans, and membranes of erythrocytes, thrombocytes and granulocytes. They are ligands for numerous proteins, but in most cases the biological role of such interactions is poorly understood. A notable exception is their binding by P- and L-selectins. Platelet sulfatides are major ligands for P-selectin, and this interaction is critical for the formation of stable platelet aggregates. Sulfatides also bind to chemokines, and seem to play a role in regulation of cytokine expression in human lymphocytes and monocytes. Aberrant metabolism of sulfatides, could cause several important human diseases. In this article, we describe the changes in sulfatide expression associated with such nervous disorders as metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, and several types of cancer, e.g. colon cancer, kidney cancer, and ovarian cancer. We also discuss the involvement of sulfatides in cancer progression, diabetes and autoimmune and immune disorders such as multiple sclerosis. This acidic glycosphingolipids seem to play an important role in pathogenesis of infectious diseases, serving as receptors for binding various bacteria and viruses.
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PMID:[The biological role of sulfatides]. 2718 Sep 66

Gene set enrichment analysis has become one of the most frequently used applications in molecular biology research. Originally developed for gene sets, the same statistical principles are now available for all omics types. In 2016, we published the miRNA enrichment analysis and annotation tool (miEAA) for human precursor and mature miRNAs. Here, we present miEAA 2.0, supporting miRNA input from ten frequently investigated organisms. To facilitate inclusion of miEAA in workflow systems, we implemented an Application Programming Interface (API). Users can perform miRNA set enrichment analysis using either the web-interface, a dedicated Python package, or custom remote clients. Moreover, the number of category sets was raised by an order of magnitude. We implemented novel categories like annotation confidence level or localisation in biological compartments. In combination with the miRBase miRNA-version and miRNA-to-precursor converters, miEAA supports research settings where older releases of miRBase are in use. The web server also offers novel comprehensive visualizations such as heatmaps and running sum curves with background distributions. We demonstrate the new features with case studies for human kidney cancer, a biomarker study on Parkinson's disease from the PPMI cohort, and a mouse model for breast cancer. The tool is freely accessible at: https://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/mieaa2.
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PMID:miEAA 2.0: integrating multi-species microRNA enrichment analysis and workflow management systems. 3237 65