Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Comparison of the properties of blood platelets and serotonergic synaptosomes suggests that the human platelet can serve as an appropriate model for the transport, metabolism, and release of serotonin (5-HT) by CNS serotonergic neurons. The study of blood 5-HT levels and platelet 5-HT pharmacodynamics in patients with a variety of psychiatric and neurologic disorders has generated interesting leads into possible abnormalities of CNS 5-HT neurons in these patients. This article reviews the experimental evidence, which uses the human platelet model to investigate neurotransmitter-related abnormalities in Down syndrome, mental retardation, infantile autism, hyperactivity syndromes (minimal brain dysfunction), schizophrenia, affective disorders, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Parkinson disease, Huntington chorea, and migraine headaches.
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PMID:The human platelet. A diagnostic and research tool for the study of biogenic amines in psychiatric and neurologic disorders. 14 Jun 32

The mood-enhancing effects of fungi and their medicinal properties have been recognized for centuries. Ergot was initially used by midwives to speed childbirth in the Middle Ages. More recently their pharmacological action on dopamine receptors has been exploited to treat post-partum bleeding, migraine, Parkinson's disease and senile dementia. Further indications of the potential value of microbial metabolites are exemplified by the discovery and development of cyclosporin, to treat organ rejection, and mevinolin, a cholesterol-lowering drug. Such discoveries are not unexpected because we have known for some time that fungi regulate morphogenesis, differentiation and sexuality via hormonal molecules, ranging from peptides through to steroidal molecules similar in structure to human sex hormones. A combination of the power of molecular biology to design screens based on isolated disease mechanisms with the chemical inventiveness of microorganisms is providing numerous new pharmacophores for drug development.
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PMID:Useful functions of microbial metabolites. 130 79

The role of the dopaminergic system in the pathogenesis of migraine was studied by evaluating the course of migraine after the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD) in 5 migraineurs. The course of migraine in patients with a family history of migraine was not changed after the onset of PD. On the other hand, in migraineurs without a family history, the migraine attacks either subsided or became shorter and less severe after the onset of PD. These findings may suggest a different role of the dopaminergic system in migraineurs with and without a family history of migraine, and call for a larger survey.
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PMID:The migraine-dopamine link: do migraine and Parkinson's disease coexist? 132 May 2

The objective of this study is to investigate the type, importance, and incidence of hereditary diseases in patients at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery in Mexico City. A review of 6,258 files indicated that hereditary diseases represent an important problem for the Institute. Of the diseases with the highest incidences, hereditary factors have an important role in seven (epilepsy, depression, facial palsy, schizophrenia, mental retardation, migraine, and Parkinson's disease). Diseases of known monogenic etiology represent 1.5% of all the cases.
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PMID:Importance of hereditary disease at a Neuropsychiatric Institute in Mexico City. 259 29

There are few reports on the prevalence of headache in Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, 223 chronic PD sufferers and 291 controls are surveyed by a headache questionnaire. There is no significant difference in the total prevalence of headache in sex and age-matched patients and controls. However, male patients with PD have a higher prevalence of moderate to severe migraine than the control population.
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PMID:A survey of headache in Parkinson's disease. 1153 7

One characteristic of the Limousin district is the raised average age of its population. Given the growing average age found in France and the ensuing potential problems, it was thought useful to undertake a neuro-epidemiological study of the distribution of neurological diseases in this region. The initial step involved checking the techniques to be used and the form of questionnaire relevant to this type of study. Following W.H.O. recommendations, the total population of one small town was surveyed, and the distribution of various neurological ailments was thus measured (headaches, migraine, cluster headaches: 12.73 p. 100, transient ischemic attack: 1.89 p. 100, stroke: 1.36 p. 100, epilepsy: 1.68 p. 100. Parkinson's disease 1.47 p. 100, dementia: 0.31 p. 100, misc: 0.84 p. 100). These figures were compared with the results from similar pilot projects carried out elsewhere around the world. The results obtained in this preliminary study enabled us to perfect the methods, and to perform a more extensive survey of a representative cross section of the Limousin population. This larger study will be published later.
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PMID:[A neuro-epidemiologic survey in a Limousin town]. 326 31

Two clinical groups of patients - 25 with Parkinson's disease and 17 with migraine - were evaluated using brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) to regular (10/s) and increased (55/s) stimulus rates. Each group of patients had an age-matched control group. The BAEP data were statistically evaluated, comparing the data of migraine patients during and between migraine spells, and the parkinsonian patients before and after L-dopa treatment. We believe that when group data are compared BAEP to an increased stimulus rate is an efficient tool for detecting even minor transient reversible physiologic changes of the brainstem.
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PMID:Brainstem auditory evoked potentials with and without increased stimulus rate as diagnostic tool in brainstem minor transient changes. 343 38

Metoclopramide, a dopamine antagonist, is approved in the U.S. for the treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders. Its use has been investigated in a wide variety of diseases, including those not involving the intestinal tract. Although more study is required before routine clinical use of metoclopramide can be advocated, it may be effective in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia, in decreasing the risk factors associated with anesthetic-related aspiration, and as an adjunct in the treatment of gastric bezoars. It also may be used safely in patients with Parkinson's disease. The use of metoclopramide in the treatment of neurogenic bladder, orthostatic hypotension, tumor-associated gastroparesis, nonprolactinemic amenorrhea, failure to thrive, Tourette's syndrome, anorexia nervosa, and hiccups, as well as an adjunct to migraine therapy, has been investigated, but sufficient evidence has not been accumulated to advocate the use of metoclopramide in these disorders.
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PMID:Potential uses for metoclopramide. 390 32

The main mechanisms of action of ergot alkaloids are discussed. Their clinical use (migraine, uterine haemorrhage, orthostatic hypotension, senile cerebral insufficiency, hyperprolactinaemia or Parkinson's disease) and their adverse effects are explained by an affinity for three kinds of central and peripheral receptors: alpha adrenergic, serotoninergic or dopaminergic receptors.
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PMID:[Pharmacological basis for the therapeutic use of ergot alkaloids]. 613 14

The Limousin region had at present one of the largest elderly populations in France and in Europe. To determine the frequency of certain neurological disorders in the elderly, a neuroepidemiological survey was conducted in 1986-1987 on a representative sample of the population in Haute-Vienne (the most population-dense department in the Limousin region). This study used a WHO protocol which was first introduced at the beginning of the 1980s. It had been previously tested in France on a pilot population in 1984. The prevalences of the principal neurological disorders encountered per 100,000 inhabitants were as follows: nonmigraine headache 5,059, migraine 4,270, epilepsy 788, completed stroke 1,445, transient ischemic attacks 657, neuropathy 1,642, Parkinson's disease 328, and dementia 197.
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PMID:Prevalence of neurological disorders in Haute-Vienne department (Limousin region-France). 764 54


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