Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The characteristic oily skin in individuals with parkinsonism has long been observed by clinicians. The oiliness seems to be associated with periods when the disease is most active. This seborrhea has been observed particularly in post-encephalitic parkinsonism, as well as in idiopathic paralysis agitans. It also occurs in phenothiazine-induced parkinsonism.
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PMID:The skin in Parkinson's disease. 16 45

An increased prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis has previously been noted in idiopathic Parkinson's disease and in postencephalitic parkinsonism. Our study of 42 hospitalized patients with drug-induced parkinsonism and 47 hospitalized psychiatric patients without that disorder showed a statistically significant higher prevalence of clinically diagnosed seborrheic dermatitis in the group with drug-induced parkinsonism (59.5% v 15%). To our knowledge, this is the first report of an increased prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis with drug-induced parkinsonism.
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PMID:Seborrheic dermatitis in neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism. 613 96

We describe clinically and histologically typical eccrine hidrocystomas on the eyelids and forehead of a 60-year-old woman which were successfully treated with topical atropine. Concomitantly the patient had long-standing Parkinson's disease with typical facial seborrhea and hyperhidrosis. In this report, we review the literature about eccrine hidrocystomas and discuss the question of a causal relationship with Parkinson's disease in our patient.
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PMID:[Multiple eccrine hidrocystomas in Parkinson disease]. 920 18

In patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, not only the motor disorders, but also disturbances of the autonomic nervous system and the psyche need to be treated. With respect to the autonomic nervous system, such symptoms as hypersalivation, seborrhea, dysregulation of the cardiovascular system, disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract and bladder motility, as also sleep disorders predominate. Also seen in Parkinson's disease are such psychiatric complaints as depression, dementia and psychoses, which latter in particular may also be a consequence of dopaminergic replacement therapy. A number of therapeutic concepts are available for the treatment of these disorders, which are often extremely stressful for the patient and therefore require early treatment.
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PMID:[Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson disease. Significant impact on quality of life--using possible treatments]. 926 71

Early diagnosis is important for satisfactory pharmacotherapy of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). L-Dopa therapy is still the gold standard in the treatment of PD, but due to complications of long term L-Dopa application, a combination therapy of levodopa with various dopamine agonists and putative neuroprotective drugs, like e.g. selegiline, is becoming increasingly important and attracts more and more attention, especially in the early phases of PD. Moreover, disturbances of the autonomic nervous system and the mind have to be considered and treated besides pharmacotherapy of motor symptoms in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Hypersalivation, seborrhoea, dysregulation of the cardiovascular system and disturbances of gastrointestinal and bladder motility and sleep are common mainly in the context of autonomic failure in PD. Moreover, Parkinsonian patients often complain of psychopathological features like depression, dementia and psychosis, which may also be due to dopaminergic Parkinsonian therapy. This review surveys possible therapeutic approaches of these disturbances of the psyche and the autonomic nervous system in PD.
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PMID:[Therapy of Parkinson disease. 1: Standard therapy of motor and non-motor symptoms]. 937 49

An increase of sebum excretion rate (SER) is frequently observed in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD). Some authors attribute it to the hyperactivity of the parasympathetic system, while others consider the possible action of androgens or of MSH-hormone. The aim of our study was to verify and quantify SER in 70 parkinsonian patients and compare it with SER in 60 normal subjects. We found higher values of SER in male subjects, both in normal and in parkinsonian patients. The highest rate of excretion was observed in parkinsonian males, in agreement with the possible main role of androgens or testosterone in sebum excretion, while the phenomenon did not appear to be related to abnormalities of the autonomic nervous system. The association of PD and sex hormones might therefore be crucial for the developing of seborrhea.
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PMID:Is seborrhea a sign of autonomic impairment in Parkinson's disease? 950 75

The major neuropathological feature in Parkinson's disease (PD) is severe degeneration of the dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. Dopamine transporter (DAT) is an important protein in the regulation of DA neurotransmission. It has been reported that PD patients show a loss of DAT in striatum. We report here the findings of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the DAT with 2 beta-carboxymethoxy-3 beta-(4[123I]iodophenyl)tropane ([123I] beta-CIT) to investigate striatal DAT in 10 patients with PD, one patient with vascular parkinsonism (VP), and one patient with dystonia syndrome. Patients were evaluated using the Webster rating scale. Specific/nondisplaceable striatal binding ratio (V3") was obtained in each case. In PD patients, the uptake of [123I] beta-CIT was reduced, especially in the tail of putamen compared with caudate nucleus. Even in the early stage of PD, the uptake of beta-CIT was reduced not only in the severely affected side, but also in the mildly disturbed side of the brain. Putamen caudate ratio was generally low in PD patients. In VP patient, the uptake was reduced, but putamen caudate ratio was not decreased. V3" values showed significant correlation with the severity of clinical symptoms such as self-care, facies, posture, gait, speech, and Hoehn-Yahr's stage. On the other hand, V3" values were not significantly correlated with the degree of tremor, seborrhea, and duration of the illness. In conclusion, we found that SPECT of the [123I] beta-CIT is a useful method for the diagnosis in the patients presenting parkinsonism, and for the clinico-physiological estimation of parkinsonian symptoms such as self-care, facies, posture, gait, and speech.
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PMID:[Dopamine transporter SPECT in patients with Parkinson's disease]. 1078 72

Cutaneous symptoms (seborrhoea and hyperhidrosis) in Parkinson's disease were investigated. In 70 treated patients with Parkinson's disease and 22 control subjects, non-invasive bioengineering methods (sebumetry, corneometry, pH) were carried out on the forehead, sternum and forearm. In addition, concomitant dermatoses and medication were recorded. 18.6% of the patients had seborrhoea on the forehead (>220 microg/cm2), 51.4% showed normal sebum values (100-220 microg/cm2) and 30% a sebostasis (<100 microg/cm2). Males has significantly higher sebum values than females. No relationship between the seborrhoea and the therapy for Morbus Parkinson was found. Patients with hyperhidrosis (n = 36) had significantly lower pH values (p < 0.05) on the forehead than those without hyperhidrosis. 22 patients (31.9%) reported a cold/hot flush and a further 13 (18.8%) had clinical rosacea. Seborrhoea is rare in treated Parkinsonian patients but hyperhidrosis is frequently found. Furthermore, a particular lack of vasostability (flush) appears to be an autonomic dysregulation in the skin related to Morbus Parkinson, which has not been studied to any extent to date.
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PMID:Skin function and skin disorders in Parkinson's disease. 1131 73

Non-motor symptoms may considerably reduce parkinsonian quality of life, particularly in advanced stages of the disease. Autonomic features, such as seborrhoea, hyperhidrosis, orthostatic hypotension, excessive salivation, bladder dysfunction and GI disturbances, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as depression, sleep disorders, psychosis and dementia, appear in the course of Parkinson's disease. Pharmacotherapy of these non-motor symptoms complicates long-term antiparkinsonian combination drug therapy due to possible drug interactions, side effects and changes in metabolism. Moreover, antiparkinsonian compounds themselves contribute to the onset of these non-motor symptoms to a considerable extent. This complicates differentiation between the disease process itself and drug-related effects, thus influencing therapeutic options, which are often limited because of comorbidity and polypharmacy. Therefore, standardised recommendations are questionable, since drug tolerability and response differ between patients. Nevertheless, this review tries to provide a survey of possible therapeutic options for the treatment of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease other the dopamine-sensitive motor features.
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PMID:Drug treatment of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. 1193 40

Botulinum toxins are an effective treatment modality for a growing number of neurologic conditions. Although there has been varied interest and success in their use, they have been studied for a variety of conditions associated with Parkinson's disease. Conditions reviewed in this paper include hand and jaw tremor, dystonia, blepharospasm and apraxia of eyelid opening, bruxism, camptocormia, freezing of gait, sialorrhea and constipation. We will make comments when applicable on our unique experience with botulinum toxin in these conditions. Other conditions associated with Parkinson's disease, which will not be reviewed here, but may benefit from botulinum toxin treatment include anterocollis (also known as dropped head syndrome), hyperhidrosis, seborrhea and overactive bladder.
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PMID:Botulinum toxin in the treatment of tremors, dystonias, sialorrhea and other symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease. 1756 47


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