Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of imaging in the evaluation of neurodegenerative disorders is summarized. The primary role of imaging is to exclude potentially treatable disorders such as meningioma, extracerebral hematoma, Wernicke's disease, and hypothyroidism. Atrophic changes dominate in the hippocampal region on Alzheimer's disease versus the anterior, frontal, and temporal lobes in Pick's disease. Signal hypointensity in the putamen on T2-weighted spin-echo images favors poorly drug-responsive Parkinson's disease whereas putaminal hyperintensity is observed with Creutzfeldt-Jacob, Wilson's, and Leigh's diseases. As our population ages, a thorough understanding of imaging findings in a geriatric population assumes an increasing importance.
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PMID:The hippocampus in aging and Alzheimer's disease. 774 78

Cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 polymorphism is an autosomal recessive trait associated with impaired debrisoquine metabolism in 5-10% of caucasian populations. This polymorphism has been associated with susceptibility to Parkinson's disease, bladder cancer, various forms of leukemia and possibly melanoma. In many other cancer forms, the data remained contradictory due to the technical limitations for identifying affected individuals (poor metabolizers). A recently developed polymerase chain reaction-based assay allows convenient screening of approximately 80% of known mutations. We have tested brain tumors correlated with chromosome 22 deviations for genetic polymorphism in the cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 locus localized on chromosome 22q13. Thirty-one meningioma samples were analyzed and the observed frequency of heterozygotes and homozygotes for the G to A mutation did not deviate significantly from the distribution in a normal population. These data are comparable to previous observations in for example breast and colon cancer and indicate that the CYP2D6 locus on chromosome 22q13 is not involved in the pathogenesis of meningiomas.
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PMID:Debrisoquine hydroxylase gene polymorphism in meningioma. 784 77

We describe a case with right hemiparkinsonism due to a frontal meningioma with surrounding edema compressing the basal ganglia. The initial diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) was made in another institution on the basis of the positive family history, the clinical symptoms and the asymmetric reduction of striatal tracer binding in a single photon emission computed tomography study for the dopamine transporter. The symptoms of parkinsonism resolved completely shortly after surgery for removal of the tumor. This case points to the significance of structural neuroimaging in the evaluation of parkinsonism even in cases that fulfill all the necessary clinical criteria for idiopathic PD.
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PMID:Hemiparkinsonism due to frontal meningioma. 1857 86

We report postoperative unresponsiveness in a 79-year-old woman who underwent excision of a posterior fossa meningioma with a past history of Parkinson's disease. This report highlights the development of a post-surgical akinetic or Parkinsonian crisis that presents with unresponsiveness. We discuss the condition briefly and emphasise the need for early recognition and prompt treatment.
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PMID:Unresponsiveness due to a post surgical Parkinsonian crisis. 2039 70

In the last two decades the field of infrared spectroscopy has seen enormous advances in both instrumentation and the development of bioinformatic methods for spectral analysis, allowing the examination of a large variety of healthy and diseased samples, including biological fluids, isolated cells, whole tissues, and tissue sections. The non-destructive nature of the technique, together with the ability to directly probe biochemical changes without the addition of stains or contrast agents, enables a range of complementary analyses. This review focuses on the application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy to analyse central nervous system tissues, with the aim of understanding the biochemical and structural changes associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, multiple sclerosis, as well as brain tumours. Modern biospectroscopic methods that combine FTIR microspectroscopy with bioinformatic analysis constitute a powerful new methodology that can discriminate pathology from normal healthy tissue in a rapid, unbiased fashion, with high sensitivity and specificity. Notably, the ability to detect protein secondary structural changes associated with Alzheimer's plaques, neurons in Parkinson's disease, and in some spectra from meningioma, as well as in the animal models of Alzheimer's disease, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, and multiple sclerosis, illustrates the power of this technology. The capacity to offer insight into the biochemical and structural changes underpinning aetio-pathogenesis of diseases in tissues provides both a platform to investigate early pathologies occurring in a variety of experimentally induced and naturally occurring central nervous system diseases, and the potential to evaluate new therapeutic approaches.
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PMID:The application of Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy for the study of diseased central nervous system tissue. 2211 49

We describe the case of a patient with an untreated Parkinson's disease who underwent surgery for a temporal meningioma. Extrapyramidal syndrome, initially attributed to the meningioma, had improved over the 48 hours following the procedure and then reappeared. This observation raises the question about the impact of drugs used during perioperative days in patients with Parkinson's disease not treated with levodopa.
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PMID:[Transcient improvement of extrapyramidal syndrome after general anaesthesia]. 2274 54

A 77-year-old woman presented with progressively worsening apathy, depression, urinary incontinence and slowness of movement for the past 1 year. Asymmetric akinetic-rigid parkinsonism and mild left-sided hyper-reflexia were seen on examination. No ocular movement impairment, cerebellar or sensory signs were noticed. Routine laboratory testing was normal. Brain imaging revealed a large frontal tumour which was subsequently excised and pathologically confirmed as a meningioma. Marked clinical improvement was documented 3 months after surgery, and persistent clinical and imaging remission have been confirmed annually for the following 3 years. There have been some reports of parkinsonism associated with intracranial tumours. Although this is probably an uncommon situation, it is potentially treatable, and symptoms might even remit completely following successful management. Parkinson's disease is a common cause of parkinsonism, but alternative aetiologies should be suspected whenever atypical findings are demonstrated by clinical history or examination.
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PMID:Reversible parkinsonism due to a large intracranial tumour. 2326 82

An unusual case of apparent Parkinson's disease caused by a brain tumor (meningioma) is presented. The role of brain imaging in the evaluation of a patient with Parkinson's symptoms is discussed.
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PMID:Meningioma mimicking Parkinson's disease: a case report and analysis. 2354 97

In neurodegeneration and in neuro-oncology, the standard imaging procedure, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), shows limited sensitivity and specificity. Molecular imaging with specific positron-emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) tracers allows various molecular targets and metabolic processes to be assessed and is thus a valuable adjunct to MRI. Two important examples are referred to here: amino acid transport for neuro-oncological issues, and the recently approved PET tracers for detecting amyloid depositions during the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease. This review discusses the clinical relevance and indications for the following nuclear medicine imaging procedures: amyloid PET, (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, and dopamine transporter (DaT)-SPECT for the diagnosis of dementia and the differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, in addition to amino acid PET for the diagnosis of brain tumors and somatostatin receptor imaging in meningioma.
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PMID:[Molecular imaging in neurological diseases]. 2730 1

We describe the case of a 41 year-old woman who presented with a slight slowness of the right hand movement, which began four months prior to admission. Neurological examination showed slight rest tremor of the right hand, moderate bradykinesia and rigidity. She had been taking medication for Parkinson's disease, but without any benefit. The patient underwent a gadolinium-enhanced brain MRI, which showed a large left sphenoid wing meningioma with surrounding edema compressing the basal ganglia. Total excision of tumor was performed. The right hemiparkinsonian signs were completely resolved. This rare case underlines the significance of neuroimaging in patients presenting with Parkinson's disease especially in those patients with a relatively younger age at onset or unresponsive to medication.
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PMID:Hemiparkinsonism secondary to sphenoid wing meningioma. 2777 Nov 12


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