Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is classically considered a motor disease; however, several non-motor symptoms are also present, including psychiatric complaints. In recent decades, the metals Ca, Fe, and Zn have gained prominence as potential etiologic factors in motoric signs of PD. However, metal alterations could be associated with the non-motor symptoms of PD. We wished to correlate the levels of these metals with the co-occurrence of depression, anxiety, and psychotic symptoms in PD patients. To this end, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's disease-Psychiatric Complications (SCOPA-PC) were implemented to evaluate mood disorders and psychiatric complications. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was used to assess concentrations of Ca, Fe, and Zn in hair samples collected from 22 clinically diagnosed PD patients, which represented the entire cohort of accessible patients in a Brazilian health registry, and 33 healthy individuals. While Ca and Fe alterations were not found to be associated with psychiatric complaints in the PD group, significantly higher levels of Zn were correlated in PD patients with depression and some psychotic symptoms. Within individual domains of the SCOPA-PC, significantly higher levels of Zn were correlated with the presence of hallucination, illusion, and paranoid ideation when compared to controls and PD patients who did not present these symptoms. Although our sample size is small and findings need to be replicated in larger and heterogeneous populations, our results provide a new perspective on the use of monitoring of Zn levels as a potential biomarker of psychiatric complaints, and may be useful in the development of more effective therapeutic approaches for the management of PD patients with co-occurrence of psychiatric disorders.
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PMID:Higher zinc concentrations in hair of Parkinson's disease are associated with psychotic complications and depression. 3129 91

This study investigated the ability of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) to synthesize temporal information across the senses, namely audition and vision. Auditory signals (A) are perceived as lasting longer than visual signals (V) when they are compared together, since attentsion is captured and sustained more easily than for visual information. We used the audiovisual illusion to probe for disturbances in brain networks that govern the resolution of time in two intersensory conditions that putatively differ in their attention demands. PD patients and controls judged the relative duration of successively presented pairs of unimodal (AA, VV) and crossmodal (VA, AV) signals whilst undergoing fMRI. There were four main findings. First, underestimation of time was exaggerated in PD when timing depended on controlled attention (AV), whereas subtle deficits were found when audition dominated and attention was more easily sustained (VA). Second, group differences in regional activation were observed only for the AV-unimodal comparison, where the PD group failed to modulate basal ganglia, anterior insula, and inferior cerebellum activity in accord with the timing condition. Third, the intersensory timing conditions were dissociated by patterns of abnormal functional connectivity. When intersensory timing emphasized controlled attention, patients showed weakened connectivity of the cortico-thalamus-basal ganglia (CTBG) circuit and the anterior insula with widespread cortical regions, yet enhanced cerebellar connectivity. When audition dominated intersensory timing, patients showed enhanced connectivity of CTBG elements, the anterior insula, and the cerebellum with the caudate tail and frontal cortex. Fourth, abnormal connectivity measures showed excellent sensitivity and specificity in accurately classifying subjects. The results demonstrate that intersensory timing deficits in PD were well characterized by context-dependent patterns of functional connectivity within a presumed core timing system (CTBG) and a ventral attention hub (anterior insula), and enhanced cerebellar connectivity irrespective of the hypothesized attention demands of timing.
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PMID:Dissociation of Neural Mechanisms for Intersensory Timing Deficits in Parkinson's Disease. 3243 26


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