Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030567 (Parkinson's disease)
 63,064 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The antiparkinsonian activity of lergotrile mesylate, a presumed dopaminergic receptor stimulating agent, was investigating in monkeys with surgically induced tremor and in parkinsonian patients. The administration of lergotrile resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the intensity of tremor in the monkeys. In 13 patients with Parkinson's disease treated with lergotrile (up to 12 mg a day), overall improvement was observed in five. Tremor was the main clinical feature to benefit, and the improvement reached statistical significance. In a subgroup of four patients treated with a higher dose of lergotrile (up to 20 mg a day), further improvement in rigidity and bradykinesia was noted, but again, only improvement in tremor was statistically significant. Adverse effects included orthostatic hypotension, behavioral alterations, and nausea and vomiting. These were severe enough to result in drug withdrawal in three patients.
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PMID:Studies on the antiparkinsonism efficacy of lergotrile. 16 32

A systematic study of the central and peripheral nervous systems in 3 cases of Parkinson's disease has demonstrated that Lewy bodies are present in 27 nuclei. Of these 20 nuclei (12 pigmented and 8 unpigmented) are involved in 2 or all 3 cases. It is noticed that the distribution of Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease described here corresponds surprisingly well to that of monoamine (dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin) cell bodies demonstrated in rats by the histochemical fluorescence method. This correlation is similar to that of Alzheimer's neurofibillary changes in postencephalitic Parkinsonism as described by Ishii. Inasmuch as these viewpoints are also in agreement with preciously reported biochemical data on Parkinsonism, it is suggested that Parkinsonism (idiopathic and postencephalitic) should represent a system degeneration of monoamine neuron systems.
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PMID:Parkinson's disease: distribution of Lewy bodies and monoamine neuron system. 17 63

The effect of a new dopamine receptor stimulating agent, piribedil (ET 495), was studied in 10 patients with Parkinson's syndrome, who had had no or a poor response to previous L-DOPA treatment, or had displayed marked side effects during L-DOPA administration. Piribedil produced significant improvement of the functions of activity of daily living (ADL), and appeared to have a preferential effect on parkinsonian tremor. However, treatment was difficult to control primarily because of severe psychiatric side effects.
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PMID:Piribedil in Parkinson's syndrome: a clinical study. 18 60

24 recordings of night-time sleep in three patients suffering from progressive supranuclear paralysis were carried out. There was observed: a tendency to insomnia, disappearance of spindles, an invasion of slow sleep immediately it appeared by the muscular and ocular criteria of paradoxical sleep, a considerable reduction in paradoxical sleep in the strict sense of the term, the latency of which in making its appearance was, however, maintained; progressive invasion of the paradoxical phases by slow waves. These abnormalities differ from those found in Parkinson's disease.
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PMID:[Sleep disorders in Steele-Richardson disease. Polygraphic study of 3 cases]. 18 12

Amantadine has been used since 1969 in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In 1970, were described the special symptoms noted in the lower limbs due to this drug. The authors, after a review of the various disturbances, have studied 10 cases by Capillaroscopy. They emphasize the interest of the study of this abnormality of the micro-circulation, producing vaso-constriction of the arterioles and venules.
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PMID:[Circulatory disorders induced by amantidine]. 18 58

Necropsy studies were done on six patients with idiopathic paralysis agitans, one with multiple system atrophy including features of Parkinsonism, and one control. Autonomic functions had been evaluated during life to a varying degree. Intra-arterial blood pressure studies were carried out on two patients with paralysis agitans (cases 4 and 6) and the one with multiple system atrophy (case 7). Lewy bodies with or without cell loss were seen in the sympathetic ganglia of five cases of paralysis agitans. Three of these had orthostatic hypotension and the severity of the lesion approximately correlated with the degree of hypotension. It is concluded that the lesions of the sympathetic ganglia may play a major role in the production of orthostatic hypotension in idiopathic paralysis agitans.
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PMID:Dysautonomia in Parkinsonism: a clinicopathological study. 18 90

The results of biochemical examinations of the hormonal function of the adrenal cortex in 22 patients with Parkinson's disease are presented as seen prior and following stereotaxic operations on the ventro-lateral nucleus of the thalamus. It was found that parkinsonics have a decreased androgenic, glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex. Long history and growing severity of the disease manifest themselves in a distinct inhibition of the adrenal cortex function. The importance of the changes in the functional state of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system in the revealed disorders in the hormonal activity is emphasized. Along with a beneficial clinical effect surgery brings about an improvement of the functional state of the adrenal cortex.
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PMID:[Functional state of the adrenal cortex in patients with Parkinsonism before and after surgical treatment]. 19 27

In a case of Lewy body disease incidentally found at autopsy, numerous dense core vesicles 80--200 nm in diameter, were seen in the neuronal perikarya of the locus caeruleus. They were particularly numerous in the vicinity of the Lewy bodies. The change seems to occur at the early stage of Lewy body production and may represent an additional morphologic clue to abnormal catecholamine metabolism in Parkinson's disease.
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PMID:Dense core vesicles around the Lewy body in incidental Parkinson's disease: an electron microscopic study. 19 75

A univocal disorder of dopaminergic activity in the nerve structures responsible for extra-pyramidal motility does not take into account the total phenomena seen in psychomotor neurological studies. The hypothesis of two categories of dopaminergic receptors-respectively excitatory (DA) and inhibitory (DAi)--in the striatal and mesolimbic structures concerned, was derived from experimental and clinical anatomical cytological, and pharmacological data. This duality of the receptors could establish a relationship between dopaminergic mediating, mechanism and adrenergic mediation for with the existence of a least two types of distinct receptors, alpha and beta, has been demonstrated. The author discusses the physiopathology of neuromotor disorders wuch as Parkinson's disease, chorea, and various types of dyskinesias, in relation to this dual mediation. By separation of dopamine antagonists and agonists in this new context, it should be possible to have a more selective approach, which would be better adapted, therefore, for the treatment of these affections. The study of the effects of a new medication, tiapride, on dyskinesias provoked by levodopa in parkinsonian patients, is a step forwards in this new method exploration in neurology.
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PMID:[Duality of dopaminergic receptors. Pharmacologic and clinical perspectives]. 21 3

Serum IgG antibodies against herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 capsid, envelope, and excreted antigens in 52 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and in their age- and sex-matched controls, were assayed with a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. When compared with the controls, patients with Parkinson's disease were found to have a substantially increased antibody response against each of the HSV subunit antigens tested. The increased antibody response in patients with Parkinson's disease was not associated with the occurrence of recurrent HSV infections, since the difference in antibody levels was most evident when comparing patients without recurrent HSV infections with their respective control group. Consequently, the increased HSV antibody response in patient with Parkinson's disease might depend on some antigenic stimulation other than ordinary recurrent HSV infections, or alternatively, on the generally enhanced immunological reaction of the patients against HSV.
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PMID:Herpes simplex virus subunit antibodies in patients with Parkinson's disease. 21 97


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