Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oral administration of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) or myelin basic protein (MBP) to Lewis rat prior to immunization with AChr or MBP and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) has previously been shown to prevent or delay the onset of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) or experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), which represent animal models of myasthenia gravis and multiple sclerosis, respectively. Here we show that Lewis rats immunized with AChr+MBP+CFA developed both signs of muscular weakness seen in EAMG and paresis characteristic for EAE. This disease was associated with high levels of anti-AChR and anti-MBP antibody secreting cells and of AChR- and MBP-reactive INF-gamma secreting Th1-like cells in lymph nodes. The diseased rats also showed upregulation of AChR- and MBP-induced mRNA expression of IFN-gamma in lymph node cells. Oral tolerization with AChR and MBP in combination prior to immunization with AChR+MBP+CFA alleviated clinical disease as well as AChR- and MBP-specific B cell node cells. The results implicate that oral tolerization simultaneously to more than one autoimmune disease-related autoantigen is feasible, and that suppression of autoantigen-induced IFN-gamma and augmentation of TGF-beta are pivotal in tolerance induction.
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PMID:Suppression of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by oral administration of acetylcholine receptor and myelin basic protein: double tolerance. 855 28

The most common spinal disorder in elderly patients is lumbar spinal canal stenosis, causing low back and leg pain and paresis. The aetiology of degenerative changes occurring in lumbar stenosis remain unclear: some authors hypothesize hyperplasia and others hypertrophy of the LF. The change in LF is known to be related to degenerative changes secondary to the aging process or mechanical instability. This study aimed to analyse the ligamentum flavum (LF) of patients with lumbar canal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation to evaluate the morphology and concentration of the Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1). The study was undertaken in three phases: A) Measurement of the thickness of the ligamentum flavum in patients with lumbar stenosis and/or herniated lumbar disc through axial T1 weighted lumbo-sacral MR images; B) Removal of ligamentum flavum in patients undergoing intervention for lumbar stenosis and lumbar disc herniation (control group); C) Optical microscopy study of the morphology of degenerated ligamentum and immunohistochemical analysis to assess the concentration of TGF-beta 1 in the LF. Morphological analysis of the LF (i.e. the increase in the number of fibres or distension and relaxation of the same as a result of degenerative processes) and the presence or absence of a high concentration of TGF-beta1 (then more fibroblasts involved in the degenerative process) can be important to establish whether there is hypertrophy or hyperplasia of the LF in lumbar canal stenosis. The current study showed that decreased elasticity of the LF in the elderly is due to a loss of elastic fibres that are degenerated and a concomitant increase in collagenous fibres (hypertrophy). TGF-beta1 concentrations of the LF were higher in lumbar spinal stenosis than in disc herniations. This suggest that LF of lumbar canal stenosis is hypertrophic: LF hypertrophy could be due to thickening of the normal elastic layer and the abnormal collagenous layer and to higher expression of TGF-beta 1 by fibroblasts.
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PMID:Morphology and TGF-beta1 Concentration Analysis of Ligamentum Flavum in Patients with Lumbar Canal Stenosis and Lumbar Disc Herniation. 2414 97