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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ligation of either the common and internal iliac or the internal and external iliac arteries produced ischaemic lesions of the sciatic nerve and its branches, as well as direct muscle damage, in 5 out of 6 rabbits. In one animal, ligation of the aorta and of the internal iliac artery on one side produced a similar mixture of nerve and muscle damage on the side of the double ligation. Ligation of the femoral artery alone in 3 animals failed to produce significant changes. In the 6 affected animals there was paralysis of the hind leg on the side of the iliac ligations, with loss of tendon reflexes. Appreciation of pinprick over the foot and lower leg also appeared to be impaired. Complete ischaemic necrosis with irreversible damage to both neural and connective tissue elements did not occur in the main nerve trunks, but was present in some of the intramuscular nerve bundles as part of generalized coagulative necrosis of the most severely affected muscles. The characteristic pathological changes in the nerve fibres of the main nerve trunks were Wallerin degeneration and paranodal demyelination, the former being more extensive than the latter. In the animals with double iliac ligations, the upper level of ischaemic nerve damage was in the thigh, the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve being more commonly affected than the peroneal. Nerve and muscle damage tended to occur at different levels in the limb, but there was no example of clinical paresis due to neural damage without any ischaemic muscle changes being present. In two of the 3 animals in which the plantar muscles were examined, these muscles appeared to escape direct damage in spite of ischaemic lesions in the more proximal parts of the limb.
J Neurol Sci 1979 Dec
PMID:Acute ischaemic neuropathy in the rabbit. 51 90

The authors report three patients suffering since infancy from transient attacks of paresis. The flaccid pareses most frequently affect the extremities in a hemiplegic fashion, but occasionally there is monoparesis or quadriparesis. The laterality and degree of the paresis are variable. Conciousness is always preserved, and in two cases attacks were preceded by ocular motor disturbances (skew deviation, nystagmoid jerks and conjugate deviations). Exceptionally, the transient hemiparesis may be preceded by a grand mal epileptic fit, though they are more likely to appear sporadically and independently of the paretic changes. In the interparoxysmal periods the children showed pronounced hypotonia, hyperkinetic extrapyramidal features and oligophrenia. Neuroradiological procedures have excluded brain anomalies of vascular or other aetiology and simple biochemical analyses were negative. EMG during paretic periods have revealed central motor neuron lesions, while EEG demonstrated non-specific paroxysmal features. A brain-stem dysfunction in the aetiology is postulated.
Dev Med Child Neurol 1979 Dec
PMID:Paroxysmal hemipareses in childhood. 52 Jul 18

In two patients, large aneurysms of the basilar artery produced a supranuclear gaze paresis, involving horizontal gaze in one case and vertical gaze in the other. In both cases the diagnosis was suggested by computed tomography and confirmed by vertebral angiography. Autopsy findings in one case confirmed the diagnosis. Although supranuclear gaze palsies must reflect damage to structures deep within the brain stem, these cases illustrate that an extrinsic lesion may produce such damage indirectly. Basilar artery aneurysm should be considered in patients presenting with supranuclear gaze paresis and long tract signs.
Surg Neurol 1979 Dec
PMID:Supranuclear ophthalmoplegia with basilar artery aneurysms. 52 60

The combined paresis of the musculus trapezius and musculus serratus anterior results in a positional change and major loss of active mobility of the shoulder girdle. This greatly disturbs the mechanics of movement of the upper arm. The individual signs include a lowering of the shoulder blade in ventro-caudal direction in accordance with the weight of the arm, as a result of the absence of muscular restraint. In this position, the scapula exercises so to say an adducting action on the upper arm, so that this will usually not exceed an abduction of about 40 degrees, in relation to the perpendicular line of C7, althoug it may be freely mobile in the glenohumeral joint. Increase of elevation of the upper arm and of the force exercised by the musculature acting on the glenohumeral joint can be achieved via a correction of the position of the shoulder girdle associated with simultaneous stabilization of the shoulder blade at the posterior thoracic wall. Using an actual case as basis, scapulothoracic arthrodesis in the modification according to Spira is described as a method to correct the position of the shoulder blade and to stabilize the scapula. Other possibilities of stabilization in the form of musculature transpositions and paresis operations are discussed. The article also comments on the indication of scapula fixation.
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 1979 Dec
PMID:[Treatment of the combined musculus trapezius/serratus anterior paresis with scapulothoracal arthrodesis according to Spira (author's transl)]. 54 54

The treatment of children suffering from cerebral paresis differs widely from that of children with poliomyelitis, since we deal with active spastic muscles which are influenced by many factors. We discuss these factors and present the results in a series of patients who were operated on with these factors borne in mind.
S Afr Med J 1979 Dec 01
PMID:Lengthening of the Achilles tendon in cerebral paresis: Basic principles and follow-up study. 55 Apr 31

This paper discusses two cases of superior oblique paresis, two cases of cyclic hypertropias, and ten cases of large angle esotropia with high myopia. The association with Graves' disease, the treatment, and favorable prognosis in all cases is presented.
Ophthalmology 1979 Dec
PMID:Special types of muscle anomalies associated with Graves' disease. 58 15

Four trials involved intravenous or intramuscular injections of 1alpha-hydroxyvitavin D3 to test efficacy in preventing parturient paresis. Use of .1 mg intravenously afforded total protection compared with an incidence of 33% (2/6) in controls. Intramuscular injections of .1 mg in 2 ml propylene glycol and .3, .5, and 1.0 mg in 5 ml corn oil resulted in 0, 15.7, 20, and 0% incidence of parturient paresis compared with 33, 16.7, 37.5, and 37.5% incidence of parturient paresis in the controls. There was a rapid increase in serum calcium (12 to 24 h) in response to intravenous treatment, whereas the response to intramuscular injections was gradual but was maintained longer. To evaluate the safety of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3, eight cows, two per treatment, were given intramuscular doses of .5, 1.0, 1.5, or 3.0 mg (three 1.0 mg injections) in 5 ml corn oil. No clinical or pathological evidence of hypervitaminosis C or soft tissue calcification was found. Tissue taken from the injection site 15 days after last injection contained 3 to 38 IU vitamin D activity per 100 g wet tissue compared with control of 8 to 15 IU per 100 g. Total vitamin D activity of milk taken the 11th milking postpartum from cows receiving .5 or 1.0 mg had a mean of 13.4 and 22.6 IU vitamin D activity per liter compared to 19 IU per liter for control milk. Milk from the 5th milking postpartum in the cows receiving .5 mg had a mean activity of 14.5 IU per liter. Milk from animals slaughtered for retention studies had a mean activity of 22 IU per liter.
J Dairy Sci 1977 Dec
PMID:Efficacy and safety of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 for prevention of parturient paresis. 59 4

A morphologically intact, persistently infected BHK 21/c13 cell culture was established by serial trypsinization and reseeding of cells infected with approximately one baby mouse LD50/cell. The extracellular virus infectivity dropped more than 3 log10 units from the 1st to the 4th passage, and was then unaltered up to passage 20. In 2-week-old mice but not in baby mice, a chronic disease with virus persistence up to 150 days was produced after intracerebral infection with moderate virus doses. The humoral immune response of the animals seemed to be adequate by the methods employed. Development of defective interfering virus particles was indicated by the von Magnus phenomenon in BHK 21/c13 cultures infected with serially passed, undiluted virus samples. Intracerebral infection of baby mice with such samples resulted in transient paresis and motion disturbances instead of the usually fatal encephalitis. Specific virus antigens but no infectious virus could be recovered from such animals.
Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B 1978 Dec
PMID:Persistent infections with "runde" virus in cell cultures and suckling mice. 72 93

Spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) was measured in 24 rhesus monkeys after injury to the cord produced by the inflatable circumferential extradural cuff technique. Measurement of regional blood flow in the white and gray matter of the cord in areas of 0.1 sq mm was achieved with the 14C-antipyrine autoradiographic technique and a scanning microscope photometer. After moderate cord injury (400 mm Hg pressure in the cuff maintained for 5 minutes), which produced paraplegia in 50% of animals and moderate to severe paresis in the other 50%, mean white matter SCBF was significantly decreased for up to 1 hour. White matter blood flow then rose to normal levels by 6 hours posttrauma and was significantly increased by 24 hours posttrauma. Gray matter SCBF was significantly decreased for the entire 24-hour period posttrauma. After severe cord injury (150 mm Hg pressure in the cuff maintained for 3 hours), which produced total paraplegia in almost all animals; SCBF in white and hours), which prodced total paraplegia in almost all animals, SCBF in white and gray matter was reduced to extremely low levels for 24 hours posttrauma. In addition, focal decreases in SCBF were seen in white and gray matter for considerable distances proximal and distal to the injury site. It is concluded that acute compression injury of the spinal cord is associated with long-lasting ischemia in the cord that increases in severity with the degree of injury.
J Neurosurg 1976 Dec
PMID:Effect of acute spinal cord compression injury on regional spinal cord blood flow in primates. 82 18

Tick-borne encephalitis is transmitted by the tick ixodes ricinus. After the second world war an increase in the number of cases of encephalitis was observed and the neurotropic virus was isolated for the first time in 1948. Reservoir animals are mouse-like wild animals and also agricultural domestic animals. The infection is transmitted to humans through tick bites. It becomes apparent subjectively in headaches, vomiting, tiredness, giddiness and insomnia, and objectively in meningeal symptoms, extrapyramidal tremor, cerebellar ataxia, vestibular nystagmus and paresis. The treatment consists of strict rest in bed for 10 days at least and symptomatic support of the general health. Good results are obtained with antiedematous therapy with hydrocortisone or pyritinol.
MMW Munch Med Wochenschr 1976 Dec 03
PMID:[Clinical picture of Central European tick-borne encephalitis (author's transl)]. 82 10


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