Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four trials involved intravenous or intramuscular injections of 1alpha-hydroxyvitavin D3 to test efficacy in preventing parturient paresis. Use of .1 mg intravenously afforded total protection compared with an incidence of 33% (2/6) in controls. Intramuscular injections of .1 mg in 2 ml propylene glycol and .3, .5, and 1.0 mg in 5 ml corn oil resulted in 0, 15.7, 20, and 0% incidence of parturient paresis compared with 33, 16.7, 37.5, and 37.5% incidence of parturient paresis in the controls. There was a rapid increase in serum calcium (12 to 24 h) in response to intravenous treatment, whereas the response to intramuscular injections was gradual but was maintained longer. To evaluate the safety of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3, eight cows, two per treatment, were given intramuscular doses of .5, 1.0, 1.5, or 3.0 mg (three 1.0 mg injections) in 5 ml corn oil. No clinical or pathological evidence of hypervitaminosis C or soft tissue calcification was found. Tissue taken from the injection site 15 days after last injection contained 3 to 38 IU vitamin D activity per 100 g wet tissue compared with control of 8 to 15 IU per 100 g. Total vitamin D activity of milk taken the 11th milking postpartum from cows receiving .5 or 1.0 mg had a mean of 13.4 and 22.6 IU vitamin D activity per liter compared to 19 IU per liter for control milk. Milk from the 5th milking postpartum in the cows receiving .5 mg had a mean activity of 14.5 IU per liter. Milk from animals slaughtered for retention studies had a mean activity of 22 IU per liter.
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 for prevention of parturient paresis. 59 4

Varying doses of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1 alpha-HCC) (50, 150, 250 and 350 micrograms) in propylene glycol were injected intramuscularly into 30 dry adult Israeli Friesian cows. Fourteen of these animals received a second dose; four were given 250 or 350 micrograms 48 hours after the first dose and 10 were given 350 micrograms 72 hours after the first dose. Plasma calcium rose after 24 hours at all dose levels except 50 micrograms. A dose-dependent peak in plasma calcium was reached after three to four days, followed by a return to baseline five days (150 micrograms) and eight days (250 and 350 micrograms) post injection respectively. Repeating the injection 48 or 72 hours later increased the time span by three and four days respectively. The effect of plasma inorganic phosphate was double that on plasma calcium. Plasma magnesium declined slightly three days post injection. High calcium feeding in conjunction with one or two injections of 350 micrograms 1 alpha-HCC did not modify the response of plasma calcium. An injection of 350 micrograms of 1 alpha-HCC was given once to 40 parturient paresis-prone cows of the same breed and twice at 72-hour intervals to 37 such cows. Six of the animals received 5 mg of flumethasone together with the second injection and 13 received it 48 hours later. This was to induce parturition, which occurred within 24 to 48 hours. None of the cows injected earlier than 24 hours prepartum developed parturient paresis in comparison with 22 out of 60 control animals which did. The results suggest that 1 alpha-HCC is useful in the prevention of bovine parturient paresis.
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PMID:Observations of the use of 1 alpha hydroxycholecalciferol in the prevention of bovine parturient paresis. 743 21