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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The audiological and electronystagmographic follow-up results of 219 children with different forms of meningitis are presented. The findings for hearing loss are roughly comparable with those of earlier reports. There have been no previous systematic studies on children with meningitis. Our electronystagmographic results show continuous nystagmus, evenly distributed in different aetiological groups, in 26 patients (12%), directional preponderance in 11 patients (5%) and canal paresis in three patients (1.5%). Disconjugate eye movements indicating a possible brain-stem lesion were observed in seven patients (3%). Eye movements were registered individually for both eyes. None of our patients had clinically significant vertigo. The electronystagmographic findings did not appear with hearing loss, indicating that vestibular disorders may develop independently. Our results support the view that electronystagmography should be performed routinely on every child who has had meningitis.
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PMID:Audiological and vestibular findings in 219 cases of meningitis. 673 6

Hearing loss in an uncommon symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS). In nine patients with MS, seven with unilateral hearing loss and two with bilateral impairment, accompanying symptoms and signs included facial numbness, hemifacial paresis or spasms, ipsilateral limb ataxia, nystagmus, vertigo, tinnitus, and spastic-ataxic gait. Central auditory dysfunction was suggested by audiometric findings and/or by brainstem auditory evoked potentials in all nine patients. Clinical improvement in two was accompanied by return toward normal in the results of audiometric or electrophysiologic studies. Hearing impairment should be sought in patients with MS and appropriate studies pursued.
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PMID:Hearing loss in multiple sclerosis. 684 85

The electronystagmographic findings for 116 patients with unilateral idiopathic sudden hearing loss (ISHL) were analyzed. For the purpose of the study, three groups were formed: patients with normal electronystagmographic (ENG) findings; patients with mild to moderate vestibular injuries consisting of spontaneous horizontal nystagmus or directional preponderance; and patients with severe vestibular injuries indicated by reduced vestibular responses, including paresis of the semicircular canal or lack of response to caloric testing. Clinical and audiologic findings were compared. High correlations were found between both subjective vertigo and abnormal ENG findings and the presence of profound hearing loss at the onset of ISHL. There was an inverse relationship between recovery from ISHL and the ENG findings, namely, as the severity of the vestibular injury increased, the percentage of patients who achieved recovery decreased. Patients with abnormal ENGs had a greater mean hearing loss at onset of ISHL and less mean recovery of hearing than did patients who had normal ENG findings. In addition, patients who had abnormal ENG findings recovered less fully from hearing loss in the high frequencies than from those in the low frequencies owing to the proximity of the basilar turn of the cochlea to the vestibular sense organ.
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PMID:Electronystagmographic findings in idiopathic sudden hearing loss. 698 8

Ten patients with intractable hemifacial spasm were treated by posterior fossa exploration and microsurgical technique. These patients have been followed 1 to 5 years. The spasmodic motor disorder was related to compression of the 7th nerve or its exit zone at the brain stem by a dolichoectatic anterior inferior cerebellar artery in eight patients and to kinking and ectasia of the basilar or vertebral artery in two patients. In five patients, there were prominent arachnoidal adhesions in the cerebellopontine angle, and an arachnoid cyst was a component of the lesion in another patient. Additional conditions associated with hemifacial spasm included geniculate neuralgia, facial paresis, vertigo, hearing loss, and trigeminal neuralgia. The surgical morbidity and postoperative results are discussed.
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PMID:Microsurgical treatment of intractable hemifacial spasm. 730 Oct 83

We defined sudden vertigo as a sudden, unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction. The criterion for its diagnosis is a single episode of vertigo without cochlear and central symptoms. Among 20 patients with sudden vertigo there was no difference in clinical aspects between those with CP (canal paresis) (CP% > or = 25%) and those without CP (CP% < 25%). This suggests that sudden vertigo with CP is due to sudden vestibular dysfunction with predominant involvement of the lateral semicircular canal. Basically, vestibular neuronitis is considered to be due to acute unilateral neuropathy of the vestibular nerve. However, since we have no routine examination for evaluating vestibular nerve function, sudden vertigo with CP should be diagnosed as vestibular neuronitis. We then assessed the prognosis of sudden vertigo with CP (vestibular neuronitis). About two years after the onset of CP 4 of 10 patients had recovered. However, patients with persistent CP had a handicap in their everyday life because of the dizziness induced by head movements. The possibility of recovery of vestibular function in response to steroid therapy may improve the prognosis in vestibular neuronitis.
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PMID:[Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in vestibular neuronitis: clinical implications for sudden vertigo]. 762 48

Histological and functional derangement of the vestibular system has been reported in laboratory animals exposed to high levels of noise. However, reports of clinical series give contradictory results with regard to vestibular disturbances in industrial workers and military personnel suffering from noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). This study evaluates vestibular function in 22 men with documented NIHL and in 21 matched controls, using electro-nystagmography (ENG) and the smooth harmonic acceleration (SHA) test. There was a significantly lower vestibulo-ocular reflex gain (p = 0.05), and a tendency towards decreased caloric response in the patients. There were no differences between patient and control groups in: incidence of vertigo and of spontaneous, positional and positioning nystagmus; directional preponderance and canal paresis in the ENG; or in phase and asymmetry parameters in the SHA test. These results demonstrated a symmetrical, centrally compensated decrease in vestibular end-organ response associated with symmetrical hearing loss in the patients. Statistically significant correlations were found between average hearing loss, and decrease in average vestibulo-ocular reflex gain (p = 0.01) and ENG caloric lateralization (p = 0.02). These correlations might indicate a single mechanism for both cochlear and vestibular NIHL. The results imply subclinical, well compensated malfunction of the vestibular system associated with NIHL.
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PMID:[Vestibular function in acoustic trauma]. 775 99

A 55-year-old woman had paroxysms of vertigo and visual blurring associated with complex combined torsional, horizontal, and vertical nystagmus. These episodes occurred regularly at 2-minute intervals, each attack lasting for 15 seconds. Between attacks, there was a much finer asymptomatic nystagmus whose components were in the opposite direction to those associated with the paroxysmal attacks. A brain MRI revealed an arteriovenous malformation in close proximity to the left vestibular nucleus, with evidence of previous bleeding. Caloric testing demonstrated a left-sided vestibular paresis. We suggest that neurons in this patient's damaged left vestibular nucleus are usually underactive but regularly produce pathologic brief bursts of hyperactivity causing episodic reversal and gross exacerbation of her resting nystagmus. Treatment with low-dose carbamazepine was successful in abolishing both the paroxysms of nystagmus and the symptoms of vertigo and visual disturbance.
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PMID:Repetitive paroxysmal nystagmus and vertigo. 785 25

Histological and functional derangements of the vestibular system have been reported in laboratory animals exposed to high levels of noise. However, clinical series describe contradictory results with regard to vestibular disturbances in industrial workers and military personnel suffering from noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate vestibular function in a group of subjects with documented NIHL, employing electronystagmography (ENG) and the smooth harmonic acceleration (SHA) test. Subjects were 22 men suffering from NIHL and 21 matched controls. Significantly lower vestibulo-ocular reflex gain (p = 0.05), and a tendency towards decreased caloric responses were found in the study group. No differences in the incidence of vertigo symptoms, spontaneous, positional and positioning nystagmus, directional preponderance and canal paresis in the ENG, or the SHA test phase and asymmetry parameters were observed between the groups. These results demonstrated a symmetrical centrally compensated decrease in the vestibular end organ response which is associated with the symmetrical hearing loss measured in the study group. Statistically significant correlations were found between the average hearing loss, the decrement in the average vestibulo-ocular reflex gain (p = 0.01), and ENG caloric lateralization (p = 0.02). These correlations might indicate a single mechanism for both cochlear and vestibular noise-induced injury. The results imply subclinical, well compensated malfunction of the vestibular system associated with NIHL.
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PMID:Vestibular findings associated with chronic noise induced hearing impairment. 787 13

Audiometric data from 76 patients with unilateral sudden deafness and hearing loss of 80 dB or more were studied to statistically assess the relationship between vestibular findings (vertigo and/or dizziness, nystagmus, canal paresis) and hearing recovery in various frequency ranges. Hearing recovery in patients with vertigo and/or dizziness (V(+)) was much poorer than in patients without such findings (V(-)). Concerning hearing recovery in the high frequency range, a significant statistical difference was evident between the V(+) and V(-) group. There were no statistically significant differences in hearing recovery between patients with spontaneous nystagmus or canal paresis and those without.
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PMID:Hearing recovery and vestibular symptoms in patients with sudden deafness and profound hearing loss. 807 83

This paper deals with electronystagmographic changes in 81 patients suffered from recurrent vertigo considered to be caused by vertebro-basilar insufficiency. Electro-oculogram features showed that (1) In saccadic test, the latency prolonged, the peak velocity of larger amplitude decreased; (2) When the eye smooth pursuit system was tested, Benitez III Type curves appeared in 40% of patients, simultaneously digital computer showed that the total harmonic distortion was more than 15% in 41.9% of patients; (3) the velocity ratio of fast to slow phases of the optokinetic nystagmus decreased, as a result of decrease in fast phase velocity. (4) The spontaneous and positional nystagmus occurred in 58% of patients. (5) The intensity of caloric response was weaker than that in normal subjects, canal paresis increased, failure of fixation suppression occurred in 17.7% of patients.
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PMID:[Vertigo caused by vertebrobasilar insufficiency]. 821 92


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