Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy-six patients with neurologic complications of cat-scratch disease are discussed. Encephalopathy occurred in 61, while 15 had either cranial or peripheral nerve involvement. The average age of the patients with encephalopathy was 10.6 years (range, 1 to 66 years), and almost twice as many males as females were affected in contrast to patients with uncomplicated cat-scratch disease, in which the ratio was almost equal. Fever was not documented in 50% of patients with encephalopathy and only 26% had temperatures higher than 39 degrees C. Convulsions occurred in 46% and combative behavior in 40%. Lethargy with or without coma was accompanied by variable neurologic signs. Results of laboratory studies, including imaging of the central nervous system, were inconsistent and nondiagnostic. Biopsy tissue from 14 patients showed histopathologic findings compatible with cat-scratch disease. The "English-Wear bacillus" was demonstrated by the Warthin-Starry stain in 10 of 14 skin or lymph node specimens. Of the 15 patients without encephalopathy, two children with facial nerve paresis displayed cranial nerve symptoms and/or signs, 10 patients had cat-scratch disease neuroretinitis, and three women had peripheral neuritis. All 76 patients recovered within 12 months; 78% recovered within 1 to 12 weeks. There were no neurologic sequelae. Treatment consisted of control of convulsions and supportive measures. Commonly used antibiotics administered to more than half of the patients were apparently ineffective.
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PMID:Cat-scratch disease. Acute encephalopathy and other neurologic manifestations. 184 21

The literature contains about 500 cases of equine leucosis, though the reports are deposited in a great number of journals and vary considerably concerning particular topics. During the last years there has been a remarkable increase of publications about this syndrome in the equine. The clinical leucosis key recommended by us has been confirmed in principle considering the latest literature. In about 70 individual symptoms which can be clinically observed in equine with leucosis 11 can be considered as main symptoms because of their frequency; they are again classified in primary (lymph node tumours including splenomegaly--loss of condition, weakness--cachexia, weight loss, periphery oedema), secondary (anorexia, inappetence--fever--paleness of mucous membrane--anaemia--tachycardia) and accessory (incoordination--tachypnoea, dyspnoea--apathy, lethargy) main symptoms. Furthermore in future it will be necessary to take into more consideration the symptoms "recurrent colic" and "hydrothorax" within differential diagnosis. The main symptom "incoordination" (ataxia, asynergy, paresis, paralysis) is used by us more precisely only in case of impairment of nervous system by neoplastic infiltrations and does not signify as possible symptoms of general physical weakness, for example faltering, staggering, tumbling or lameness. The morphological classification follows further on our previous recommendation. There exist generalized forms with tumour infiltrations in abdominal and in thoracic cavity as well as especially in peripheral lymph nodes. On the other hand there are characteristic manifestations in certain regions of the body, which establish distinctly the clinical symptomatology. They are marked as regional multicentric forms with the main localizations "mediastinal", "splenic", "mesenteric" or "intestinal".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical diagnostic keys and special manifestations in equine leukosis]. 195 30

Clinical and laboratory data on 46 patients with acute bacterial meningitis were analyzed in a retrospective survey. The incidence of bacterial meningitis in hospital admissions was 1.3% and the mortality 33%. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequent etiologic agent. Mortality was highest for pneumococcal meningitis and was higher in patients over 50 years of age (83% vs 25%, p less than 0.05). The initial stage of consciousness was prognostically important. All awake patients survived, while the more impaired the consciousness (from lethargy to coma), the higher the mortality (19%, 25%, and 78% respectively). Seizures and paresis of the third cranial nerve were significantly higher in lethal cases. Brain edema was the leading cause of death (60%). The interval between hospital admission and start of antibiotic treatment was crucial for prognosis. Patients who received the first dose of antibiotics within 3 hours after admission had a mortality of 13%, while a delay of 6-24 hours increased the mortality to 3/3.
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PMID:[Prognostic factors in bacterial meningitis in adults. Retrospective analysis of 46 patients]. 311 39

Fourteen patients with ventricular cerebrospinal fluid shunts in place for chronic hydrocephalus presented with a history and neurological deficits usually associated with high intracranial pressure (ICP) caused by an obstructed shunt system. However, the symptoms were characteristically present when the patient was upright and active, and were usually relieved by lying down. The symptoms of intermittent headache, nausea, emesis, lethargy, and diplopia were associated with paresis of upward gaze or minimal strabismus. Measurement of ICP showed unexpected dramatically low levels with a marked drop in pressure when the patient was in the upright position, whereas ICP was near normal when the patient was supine. The low ICP was corrected by insertion of a high-pressure Flo-Control valve into the shunt system already in place. Postoperatively, the immediate clinical improvement and more normal ICP measurements were striking. The important clinical finding in this group of patients was the presence of disabling symptoms which occurred when the patients were up and active and which were relieved by lying down. Measurements of ICP with the patient in the supine and then in the upright position were critical in establishing an accurate diagnosis of symptomatic low ICP in these hydrocephalic patients with indwelling shunts. With the patient in the Trendelenburg position, ICP showed a marked increase, as expected; in some patients this position was prescribed as treatment for several days before surgery.
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PMID:Symptomatic low intracranial pressure in shunted hydrocephalus. 334 12

Various degrees of persistent or paroxysmal paresis involving only the hindlimbs or all four limbs were observed in 3 dogs with hypothyroidism and lymphocytic thyroiditis. Clinical features included lethargy, obesity, alopecia, insidious and progressive paresis, hypotonia, and slow segmental reflexes in 2 dogs. Obesity, alopecia, paroxysmal paresis, and behavior change were observed in the third dog. Laboratory tests indicated that thyroid function was less than normal in all 3 dogs. Abnormal electromyographic potentials and slow motor nerve conduction velocities were found in each dog. Muscle biopsy specimen abnormalities included selective type-II myofiber atrophy in all dogs, whereas one dog had angular atrophy of type-I and type-II myofibers indicative of denervation. A substance that stained with para-aminosalicylic acid was observed within vacuoles of type-I myofibers in one dog. Lymphocytic thyroiditis characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of excised thyroid glands was observed in all dogs.
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PMID:Neuromuscular abnormalities associated with hypothyroidism and lymphocytic thyroiditis in three dogs. 355 92

T-2 toxin at 0 or 15 mg/kg in 0.75 ml dimethyl sulfoxide was topically applied to 11- to 12-week-old specific-pathogen-free derived crossbred female pigs. Animals were killed on Days 1, 3, 7, or 14 after treatment. Clinical signs and morphologic changes in the skin and internal organs, as well as the residual concentrations of T-2 toxin and its metabolites in plasma, bile, urine, skin, and subcutaneous tissue, were examined. The T-2-treated pigs had signs of lethargy, anorexia, posterior weakness or paresis, and persistent fever. The skin at the site of application was red and swollen initially and progressively became dark red and then purple. By Day 7, at the margin of the exposed area, clefts had formed and were covered by serosanguinous exudate. By Day 14, the affected skin was focally separated from the underlying tissue and covered by a thick scab. The initial skin lesions were characterized as a spongiotic dermatitis and were located mainly in the dermal papillae and stratum germinativum of the epidermis. These lesions progressed to a locally extensive necrotizing dermatitis between Days 3 and 7 that was still evident at Day 14. Healing began on Day 7 and was more prominent on Day 14. Morphologic changes in the internal organs were minimal. They consisted of necrosis of single cells in the follicles of lymphoid tissues and in the exocrine pancreas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The toxicity of T-2 toxin in swine following topical application. I. Clinical signs, pathology, and residue concentrations. 362 62

T-2 toxin at 0 (6 pigs) or 15 mg/kg (8 pigs) in 0.75 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide was topically applied to 9- to 10-week-old, male castrated, specific-pathogen-free derived pigs which were immunized subcutaneously with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) on Days 0 and 21. Whole blood and serum samples were taken periodically for clinical pathologic and immunologic evaluations. The pigs were observed daily and weighed weekly; their rectal temperatures were measured periodically. The T-2-treated pigs displayed anorexia, lethargy, posterior weakness and paresis, persistent high fever, and reduced body weight gain. Prominent neutrophilia, decreased serum glucose, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase activity, and increased serum globulin were seen in the T-2-treated group. The responses of enriched peripheral blood mononuclear cells to mitogens concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, and pokeweed mitogen of the T-2-treated group were significantly lower than those of the control group both at early (3 to 5 days) and late (20 to 28 days) postdosing intervals. No significant effects were noted in the hemagglutination titer to SRBC. Thus, in addition to the severe local dermal injury reported previously, topical exposure of swine to a sublethal dose of T-2 toxin, 15 mg/kg, can cause significant systemic effects on parameters such as body weight gain, rectal temperature, hematology, serum biochemistry, and cellular immune response.
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PMID:The toxicity of T-2 toxin in swine following topical application. II. Effects on hematology, serum biochemistry, and immune response. 362 63

Clinical differences were determined between granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis, distemper, and suppurative meningoencephalitis in the dog. Dogs with granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis had "head" signs on examination, which progressed to profound caudal fossa abnormalities, changes in mental status, and tetraparesis. Dogs with distemper had a gradual onset of posterior paresis; tetraparesis and occasional vestibular signs developed later in the course of disease. Dogs with suppurative meningoencephalitis had lethargy and anorexia at the time of examination, which progressed to nuchal rigidity, mental depression, tetraparesis, and profound alterations in consciousness. Analysis of cerebral spinal fluid was useful in distinguishing suppurative meningoencephalitis from the other 2 diseases. Twenty-seven cases of inflammatory disease of the CNS in dogs were reviewed. Comparisons of history, results of physical and neurologic examinations, ancillary data, and response to treatment were made. It appeared that certain clinical and neurologic features contributed to the diagnosis of these diseases.
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PMID:Differential diagnosis of granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis, distemper, and suppurative meningoencephalitis in the dog. 394 14

The authors report spongy degeneration in experimental scrapie (second passage) in mice. The scrapie agent was originally isolated from Suffolk sheep imported from Canada and diagnosed histopathologically to be infected with scrapie by intracerebral inoculation into JCL/ICR mice. Ten female SIc/ICR mice, 4 weeks of age, were injected intracerebrally in the right frontal lobus with 20 microliter of 10(-1) or 10(-4) dilution of JCR/ICR mice brain homogenate involving scrapie agent. All animals showed signs of the advanced stages of the disease, clinically manifested by lassitude, arched backs, lethargy and paresis of hind quarters. They were sacrificed five to six months post inoculation, and sections of the brain and spinal cord were examined by light and electron microscopy. Focal symmetrical spongiform lesions were seen light microscopically in the cerebral mantle, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, medulla oblongata, cerebellum and cervical mark. There was evidence that these lesions tended to be more intense in the mice inoculated a higher concentration of scrapie agent. Astrocytic proliferation was present in the deep layer of cerebral gray matter, white matter, corpus callosum, dorsal part of hippocampus and thalamus. No leukocytic infiltration was observed. Electron microscopically, the spongiform lesions were shown to be caused by vacuolation or swelling within the neuropil, and vacuolation and focal swelling in the neuronal perikaryon. The changes in the neuronal perikaryon were caused by enlargement of endoplasmic reticulum and cisterns of the Golgi apparatus, accompanied by spherical swelling of a part of the cytoplasm. The vacuolation near or within the neuron produced deformation of the cell contours and displacement of the nucleus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Spongiform encephalopathy in mice inoculated with scrapie material of sheep origin]. 650 58

Two cases of cerebral aneurysm combined with polycystic kidneys (PCKs) were presented. Case 1, a 24-year-old hypertensive male, was referred to our clinic owing to sudden onset of severe headache at August 20, 1982. Neurological findings on admission were stuporous, right vitreous hemorrhage (so-called Terson's syndrome), and hypertension. CT scans showed subarachnoid hemorrhage, and right MCA bifurcation aneurysm with marked vasospasms by cerebral angiography was revealed. Intentional delayed operation with V-P shunt was performed. He discharged with mild left upper limb paresis, and visual impairment on the right. Bilateral PCKs were confirmed by postoperative DIP and CT scan. Case 2, a 51-year-old female, who suddenly complained of severe headache, was referred to our department 3 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage. One year previously, she had been pointed out PCKs. Neurological findings on admission at February 29, 1980, were drowsy, left third cranial nerve palsy, and hypertension. Cerebral angiography showed multiple aneurysms (bilateral IC-PC & A-com). Neck clipping (1-IC-PC & A-com) and coating (r-IC-PC) were performed at the next day of admission, and V-P shunt operation was followed about 8 weeks after first operation. About 2 weeks after discharge, she suddenly became loss of consciousness and expired. Autopsy revealed intracerebral hemorrhage in left basal ganglia and thalamus. Both kidneys were PCKs of Potter type 3 and cysts of the liver were also noted. In young hypertensive patients with cerebral aneurysms, it should be in mind whether PCKs may be combined or not, and cerebral angiography in PCKs were reasonable to find out harbored cerebral aneurysm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Two cases of cerebral aneurysms combined with polycystic kidneys]. 652 33


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