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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tick-borne encephalitis is transmitted by the tick ixodes ricinus. After the second world war an increase in the number of cases of encephalitis was observed and the neurotropic virus was isolated for the first time in 1948. Reservoir animals are mouse-like wild animals and also agricultural domestic animals. The infection is transmitted to humans through tick bites. It becomes apparent subjectively in headaches, vomiting, tiredness, giddiness and insomnia, and objectively in meningeal symptoms, extrapyramidal tremor, cerebellar ataxia, vestibular nystagmus and paresis. The treatment consists of strict rest in bed for 10 days at least and symptomatic support of the general health. Good results are obtained with antiedematous therapy with hydrocortisone or pyritinol.
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PMID:[Clinical picture of Central European tick-borne encephalitis (author's transl)]. 82 10

A collection of symptoms and signs indistinguishable from ocular myasthenia can be caused by an intracranial mass. We illustrate this condition with the case of an adolescent girl with neurofibromatosis type 1 and a dorsal midbrain astrocytoma. At presentation, she had fatigable ptosis, upgaze paresis, and a positive "lid twitch" sign. Radiation therapy resulted in marked reduction of her signs, confirming that the muscle fatigue was central in origin. We discuss the possible mechanisms of this central fatigability.
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PMID:Midbrain myasthenia: fatigable ptosis, 'lid twitch' sign, and ophthalmoparesis from a dorsal midbrain glioma. 156 51

Fatigue is a frequent but ill defined symptomatology in many disorders of the central and the peripheral nervous system. It is characterized as a fluctuating incapacity or weakness, often in the absence of overt paresis. Experimental or diagnostic evidence of fatigue is available only in disorders of the peripheral motor neuron, the neuromuscular junction and the muscle fibers, but not in CNS disorders. Fatigue, as a fluctuating symptomatology may be misdiagnosed as simulation or malingering not only by lay persons, but also by doctors.
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PMID:[Fatigability and weakness from a neurological viewpoint]. 166 45

Capillary supply and oxidative and glycolytic enzyme activities were determined in muscle biopsies from the tibialis anterior muscle in six prior polio patients and a control group. The polio patients, who had paresis and atrophy, but were able to walk normally by making maximal use of all remaining anterior tibial motor units, showed type I (slow-twitch) muscle fibre predominance with a mean (SD) of 98 (2%) type I fibres versus 81 (8)% in the controls (p less than 0.01) and muscle fibre hypertrophy, the average type I fibre cross-sectional area being 108% (p less than 0.005) larger than in the controls. The number of capillaries per muscle fibre was not significantly different from that in the control group, but with the increased muscle fibre area in the polio patients, the capillary density was significantly lower. The number of capillaries in contact with type I fibres relative to fibre area was 40% lower in the patients than in the controls (p less than 0.005). The levels of citrate synthase and phosphofructokinase were significantly lower (38% and 33%, respectively, p less than 0.05) in the patients than in the controls, indicating decreased oxidative and glycolytic potentials in the muscle fibres of the polio patients. It is proposed that the abnormal high-frequency activation of all remaining motor units during each step cycle recorded in these patients constitutes a stimulus for type I muscle fibre predominance and hypertrophy but that the overall low muscle usage results in a decreased stimulation of capillary proliferation and mitochondrial enzyme synthesis. The low capillary density and decreased oxidative and glycolytic enzyme potentials might be important factors for the development of muscle weakness, fatigue and muscle pain, which are commonly occurring symptoms in patients with prior poliomyelitis.
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PMID:Prior poliomyelitis-reduced capillary supply and metabolic enzyme content in hypertrophic slow-twitch (type I) muscle fibres. 203 Mar 51

From 1969-1985, 106 people contracted tetanus in Finland. The outcome of the disease was good in 78 cases (returned to work), poor in 27 (12 died, 5 institutionalized and 10 retired) and unknown in 1. Poor outcome was the result of a disease requiring respirator treatment. Other clinical factors significantly correlated with poor outcome were blood pressure lability, hyperglycemia, hyperthermia, tachycardia and anticoagulation therapy. Forty people who were representative of the whole series with regard to sex, age and severity of disease attended a follow-up study on average 7 years and 4 months later. Forty age- and sex-matched controls had the same examinations, and compared with them, the 40 patients still had significantly more muscle fatigue and cramps, nervousness, decreased mental capacity and difficulties in balance, speech and memory. They also had more clinical findings, such as peripheral paresis, muscular atrophy, decreased or absent tendon reflexes and decreased mental capacity than the controls.
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PMID:Outcome and neurological sequelae of patients after tetanus. 261 76

During 1959-1987, 126 patients in Aland Islands and main Finland had serologically verified infections with the virus of tick-borne encephalitis (Kumlinge disease). The most useful test for specific virological diagnosis was haemagglutination inhibition-IgM (HI-IgM). Most cases were from Aland Islands and nearby south-western main Finland. Two of the infections were imported. There were three laboratory infections and two transfusion infections. The disease occurred mainly from July to September. Detailed hospital records of 108 of the patients could be obtained. Ninety-five per cent of the patients had headaches, 82% had lymphocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid, and 81% had high fever. Forty-four per cent had a confirmed biphasic course of disease. Seventeen per cent were severely ill. There were no deaths. The sequels were psychic irritability and fatigue for up to 1 year. There were eight cases of paresis, two of which became permanent.
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PMID:Tick-borne viral encephalitis in Finland. The clinical features of Kumlinge disease during 1959-1987. 270 99

In order to study transient paresis, force and surface electromyograms (EMG) were recorded from the biceps brachii in 3 patients with recessive myotonia congenita, in 8 with myotonic dystrophy and in 3 controls. Epochs of 0.34 s EMG signal were stored every 0.44 s and processed to determine the integrated EMG (IEMG), the power spectrum and the average muscle fibre conduction velocity (MFCV). The protocol consisted of 5 maximal voluntary contractions lasting 10.3 s and 13 s recovery. During the first 1-1.5 s the MFCV and median frequency (Fmed) of the power spectra of the controls increased (mean increase 12.5% and 14%, respectively) in all 5 consecutive contractions. Subsequently, MFCV, Fmed and force declined as a consequence of fatigue. Both the initial force and MFCV declined with successive contractions. The results in myotonic dystrophy were not different from the controls, except that the changes during fatigue were far less pronounced. These events are the reverse of the changes found in myotonia congenita in which an initial loss of force (maximal by 61-79%) and a decline of the IEMG (maximal by 79-92%) was found during the first contraction. This transient paresis was accompanied by a dramatic fall in the MFCV concomitant with a shift of the power spectrum to the lower frequencies. The first MFCV measurement of the 5 contractions was always normal. The decline in MFCV was maximal after 1.5-2.5 s and varied for the 3 patients from 32-52%. In general, the decline in force, IEMG and MFCV lessened with each successive contraction (warming-up phenomenon), though sudden deteriorations were sometimes observed during later contractions. The same results were found for brachioradialis and abductor digiti minimi. The results provide evidence that transient paresis is of clinical relevance in myotonia congenita and that it is caused by alterations in the muscle membrane. These membrane changes result in a strong decline of the muscle action potential conduction velocity and consequent depolarization block of the muscle fibres. Our method did not show the presence of transient paresis during voluntary contraction in myotonic dystrophy.
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PMID:Transient paresis in myotonic syndromes. A surface EMG study. 273 Oct 26

A 61-year-old woman with Addison's disease and malignant lymphoma for several years was admitted to hospital with a 2-month history of fatigue and a 7 kg weight loss. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 92 mm h-1 and a temporal biopsy was performed as a part of the clinical investigation. She suddenly suffered a paresis of the right arm, sudden blindness and her blood pressure fell to 100/60 mmHg. Hydrocortisone was given intravenously followed by betamethasone, and an Addison crisis as well as a giant cell arteritis (GCA) was suspected. Activity in the malignant lymphoma was also a possibility. The patient did not improve and died 8 d later. The temporal biopsy indicated GCA. The autopsy showed a pronounced intimal inflammatory reaction of the intracerebral arteries and an infarction in the left posterior hemisphere. A possible link between GCA and other autoimmune diseases is discussed.
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PMID:Addison's disease, malignant lymphoma and death from cerebral giant cell arteritis. 279 51

Physical fitness through exercise is the rage of today. Almost everybody is indulging in various forms of exercise from weight lifting to marathons. These regimens presuppose a normal muscle metabolism. However, a significant number of so-called normals end up with the symptoms of cramps, fatigue, and, in advanced cases, myoglobinuria. Exercise forms the mainstay of rehabilitation of patients with neurologic disorders manifesting as paresis or paralysis, and certain rheumatologic or metabolic problems are also handled via the medium of exercise therapy. It is, thus, imperative that there should be a clear understanding of normal muscle composition and metabolic responses. We will summarize the histology, histochemistry, physiology and metabolic responses of normal muscle to exercise and put this information in perspective in the light of various muscle disorders.
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PMID:Metabolic response to exercise and muscle disease. 293 40

Initial complaints of bulbar paresis may be problems with chewing and swallowing. Patients often choose to eat soft puddings and cereals rather than meats or hard fruits because of the fatigue associated with chewing. Immunosuppressive therapy with prednisone can result in a long-lasting remission, and is recommended especially for those patients who are older or are medically unable to tolerate surgical treatment.
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PMID:Weakness and 'tiredness': when to suspect myasthenia gravis. 396 58


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