Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was intended to demonstrate the neurological characteristics of idiopathic neurologic diseases of dogs and cats as a material for evaluating them as animal models for human diseases. A hundred and nineteen animals selected for this study from among outpatients with various neurological disorders presented to the Veterinary Hospital of University of Tokyo were studied mainly by the neurological examination with assistant methods of electroencephalography and electromyography. Hydrocephalus and vestibular diseases were highest in incidence in dogs, followed in order by encephalitis and epilepsy. Choleiform movements or other abnormal movements such as athetosis and hemiballism that are seen in diseases of the extrapyramidal system of man were not observed in dogs. Cerebellar degenerative disease showed the highest incidence in cats, which is believed to occur by transplacental infection of panleukopenia virus. Intervertebral disk disorders, the most common neurologic disease in the dog, usually occurred in the thoracic, unlike in man, and lumbar segments, not only causing pain but precipitating paresis or paralysis of the legs or of the trunk.
 ...
PMID:[Idiopathic neurologic diseases in dogs and cats in Japan from the viewpoint of animal models of human disease (author's transl)]. 731 28

A 50-year-old man had an inguinal hernia repair under spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine. On the 2nd postoperative day, he complained of backache and paresis at the posterior part of the lower extremities, well relieved by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. On the 6th postoperative day, he came back to hospital, because of low back pain associated with a heavy feet sensation. The hypothesis of a neurological complication of the spinal anaesthesia was considered. The interview of the patient revealed a history of lumbar disk disease, not reported during the preoperative visit. After an in depth clinical examination, two causes seemed possible: subarachnoid haematoma and lumbar disk protusion. Against the first diagnosis were the initial clinical signs. However, in many cases, objective neurological deficit arise too late to allow efficient neurosurgical treatment. Thus, a MRI examination was performed which is non invasive in comparison with a computed tomography myelogram. In our patient, it did not detect a true lumbar disk protusion, but a simple degenerative disease of the L5-S1 disk. In suppressing the lumbar lordosis, spinal anaesthesia probably allowed a distension of spinal capsules and tendons, responsible for the troubles.
 ...
PMID:[Delayed low back pain after spinal anesthesia]. 748 83

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive degenerative disease of upper and lower motor neurons with a prevalence of 4.3/100.000. The clinical symptoms include peripheral weakness and central spastic paresis and bulbar paralysis (weakness of mimic muscles, atrophy of the tongue, dysarthria). The prognosis leads to death within a few years. Pathogenetic factors are free O2-radicals, a disturbance of glutamate-metabolism, abnormal accumulation of neuronal proteins and autoimmunological mechanisms.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical aspects of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. 901 7

Between 1993 and 1998, the surgical technique of posterior cervical foraminotomy as described by Frykholm, with individual cervical nerve root decompression had been applied at the Neurosurgical Department of the University of Vienna. We conducted a retrospective study to assess the functional and socio-economic outcome. Thirty-two patients were included in this study, 21 men and 11 women with a median age of 48 years (range 30 to 70 years). Prior to surgical management, median duration of symptoms had been 7 weeks (range 1-50 weeks), with cervicobrachialgia in 28 of the patients, 27 of the patients had sustained radicular sensory loss, and in 25 of the patients radicular paresis occurred. Measured by the Prolo Functional Economic Outcome Rating Scale, 64% of the patients were classified with a good outcome (scale 8-10), 18% of the patients were classified with a moderate outcome (scale 5-7), and 18% of the patients were classified with a poor outcome (scale < 5). Two of the patients required additional anterior cervical discectomy and one patient suffered a superficial wound infection which needed surgical drainage. This study confirms that posterior microforaminotomy is a useful technique for degenerative disease causing cervical radiculopathy with the advantage of avoiding fusion and immobilisation. Criteria for evaluating the results of treating cervical spinal disorders vary widely. Comparative analyses of outcome among different therapy protocols are compromised by the diversity among the groups studied, as well as by the varying methods of measuring success. We propose a scale based on the socio-economic and functional status of the patient before and after treatment This scale is easily applicable and can delineate pre- and postoperative conditions of patients. A more universal acceptance of common criteria for judging the outcome of spinal operations should facilitate comparisons among various methods of treatment.
 ...
PMID:Social and economic outcome after posterior microforaminotomy for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. 1223 9

Canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is a progressive, adult-onset, multisystem degenerative disease with many features in common with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). As with some forms of ALS, DM is associated with mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). Clinical signs include general proprioceptive ataxia and spastic upper motor neuron paresis in pelvic limbs, which progress to flaccid tetraplegia and dysphagia. The purpose of this study was to characterize DM as a potential disease model for ALS. We previously reported that intercostal muscle atrophy develops in dogs with advanced-stage DM. To determine whether other components of the thoracic motor unit (MU) also demonstrated morphological changes consistent with dysfunction, histopathologic and morphometric analyses were conducted on thoracic spinal motor neurons (MNs) and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and in motor and sensory nerve root axons from DM-affected boxers and Pembroke Welsh corgis (PWCs). No alterations in MNs or motor root axons were observed in either breed. However, advanced-stage PWCs exhibited significant losses of sensory root axons, and numerous DRG sensory neurons displayed evidence of degeneration. These results indicate that intercostal muscle atrophy in DM is not preceded by physical loss of the motor neurons innervating these muscles, nor of their axons. Axonal loss in thoracic sensory roots and sensory neuron death suggest that sensory involvement may play an important role in DM disease progression. Further analysis of the mechanisms responsible for these morphological findings would aid in the development of therapeutic intervention for DM and some forms of ALS.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of thoracic motor and sensory neurons and spinal nerve roots in canine degenerative myelopathy, a potential disease model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 2437 14

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common degenerative disease, and up to 10% of LDH migrates into the so-called "hidden zone." The traditional interlaminar approach carries the risk of subsequent instability due to osseous destruction by reaching the hidden zone and exposing the nerve root. In the 1990s, the first reports were published on the open microsurgical "translaminar approach" (TLA) for the resection of migrated LDH with the intention to minimize osseous destruction. However, the open technique still had the disadvantage of soft-tissue and muscle dissection. Endoscopic tubular procedures were developed to reduce approach-related muscle trauma. Endoscopic tubular surgery combines the bimanual microsurgical technique with continuous endoscopic visualization of the surgical field. The high-definition endoscopic visualization allows for excellent illumination and identification of tissue and anatomical structures. The rate of clinical success for the treatment of migrated LDH via endoscopic TLA has been reported to be up to 95%. However, endoscopic TLA has not been analyzed extensively, and reports with a detailed description are rare. The purpose of the present video is to demonstrate endoscopic tubular TLA and resection of a migrated LDH. This is the case of a 62-year-old man with right-sided leg pain and quadriceps paresis due to LDH that migrated behind the L3 vertebral body. Special focus is given to the planning of the skin incision and the trajectory toward the disc herniation. Furthermore, the dissection and extraction of large disc herniation are explained in detail.
 ...
PMID:Endoscopic Translaminar Approach for Resection of Migrated Lumbar Disc Herniation. 3108 57

Drop foot is associated with various diseases, such as peripheral nerve disease, lumbar degenerative disease, metabolic disease, and endocrine disease. Among lumbar degenerative diseases, lumbar disc herniation and lumbar canal stenosis are most commonly reported. We report the surgical outcomes of patients with drop foot caused by lumbar degenerative diseases. Between 2008 and 2018, we encountered 24 cases of drop foot in patients who underwent surgery of the lumbar lesion. The mean age was 69.5 years(49-88 years). Fourteen patients were male and ten were female. The mean time interval between the onset of drop foot and surgery was 51.5 days(from 7 days to 1 year). Drop foot, as a clinically significant muscle weakness, was defined at levels of manual muscle test(MMT)3 or lower. Responsible lesions for drop foot were canal stenosis at L4/5 in 8 cases, disc herniation at L4/5 in 10 cases, disc herniation at L5/S1 in 5 cases, and far-out syndrome in 1. One case involved drop foot bilaterally. Muscle weakness improved by surgery at levels of MMT 4 or greater in 16 cases(66.7%). Six cases of complete paresis or tibialis anterior muscle atrophy preoperatively resulted in no improvement;however, neuralgia was relieved in all. Twelve of 15 cases(80%)of lumbar disc herniation and 4 of 10 cases(40%)of lumbar canal stenosis resulted in improvement. Between disc herniation and canal stenosis, the surgical success rate was not statistically different. Age and the time interval between the onset and surgery were also not significant factors of the outcome. Surgical intervention seems to be beneficial even in cases of severe muscle weakness since pain relief can be expected, which leads to improvement in gait.
 ...
PMID:[Surgical Results of Lumbar Degenerative Disease with Foot Drop]. 3147 28