Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Retraction of the lower eyelid is a useful sign of disease. It is an early manifestation of weakness of the facial muscles, occurring with myopathies, myasthenia, and upper and lower motor neuron facial paresis. Rarely, lower and upper lid retraction occur without proptosis in patients with Graves disease. Lower lid retraction occurs in proptosis and varies directly with the degree of proptosis. It is also seen with senile entropion or ectropion, after eye muscle or orbital surgery, and with contraction of lid tissues. Apparent retraction results when the contralateral lower lid is pathologically elevated, as in Horner syndrome, in enophthalmos, or with vertical deviations of the eye.
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PMID:Retraction of the lower eyelid. 58

With the aid of electric stimulation of the supraorbital nerve the authors studied the trigeminal facial reflex and evoked potentials of the facial nerve in patients with sluggish paresis of the facial muscles; 48 patients with neuritis of the facial nerve, 26 patients with polyradiculoneuritis, 5 patients with encephalitis and the syndrome of nucleus damage of the facial nerve (including 38 children) and 3 patients with myasthenia were studied. It is demonstrated that along with the equal extent of flaccidness of the facial muscles there are different characteristics of indices of the latent period and the amplitude of the trigeminal facial reflex, which are of diagnostic and prognostic significance.
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PMID:[Trigeminal-facial reflex of the orbicularis orbis muscle in patients with flaccid paralysis of the facial musculature]. 67 10

The authors describe a case of progressive paresis of the extraocular muscles in a 57-year-old woman followed up since 1974. There were no abnormalities in the biochemical investigations, EEG, EMG, ECG, pneumoencephalography and tests for myasthenia. Only in fragments of the biceps brachii muscle histological and histochemical investigations showed mitochondrial changes of the type of "ragged-red fibres". The authors review the literature pertinent to different syndromes of paralysis of the external eye muscles. This is the first case published in the Polish literature.
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PMID:[Case of extraocular muscle paralysis with changes of the ragged-red fiber type]. 72 37

A collection of symptoms and signs indistinguishable from ocular myasthenia can be caused by an intracranial mass. We illustrate this condition with the case of an adolescent girl with neurofibromatosis type 1 and a dorsal midbrain astrocytoma. At presentation, she had fatigable ptosis, upgaze paresis, and a positive "lid twitch" sign. Radiation therapy resulted in marked reduction of her signs, confirming that the muscle fatigue was central in origin. We discuss the possible mechanisms of this central fatigability.
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PMID:Midbrain myasthenia: fatigable ptosis, 'lid twitch' sign, and ophthalmoparesis from a dorsal midbrain glioma. 156 51

The occurrence of high-risk factors for vascular disorders was analysed in a group of 43 patients suffering from diplopia of unknown aetiology. The subjects (25 men and 18 women) were aged between 17 and 78 years. Previously excluded were patients with intracranial or orbital tumors, ocular myositis or myasthenia, multiple sclerosis, endocrine orbitopathy, head trauma, cerebral hemorrhage or aneurysms, leucaemic infiltrates or metastasising tumors. Compared to the control groups of extensive epidemiological studies, the patients showed a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Adipositas, lipometabolic disturbance and cigarette smoking were also more frequent. The findings support the hypothesis of a vascular origin of eye-muscle paresis.
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PMID:[Vascular risk factors in patients with ophthalmoplegia]. 223 96

Four patients with tumours involving or compressing the brain stem are described whose initial clinical symptoms of fluctuating paresis of the external ocular muscles and/or the pharyngeal muscles without other neurological deficits led to the primary diagnosis of focal myasthenia. The combination of an unusual clinical pattern, involvement of muscles of only one ocular nerve or severe dysphagia/dysarthria without extension of the myasthenic symptoms, should lead to further investigation to exclude other reasons of a focal myasthenic syndrome such as a brain-stem tumour.
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PMID:Oculo-bulbar myasthenic symptoms as the sole sign of tumour involving or compressing the brain stem. 227 71

The importance of the combination of electromyographic examination and the Tensilon test in the diagnosis of Myasthenia gravis pseudoparalytica of the eye muscles is discussed. After intravenous injection of Tensilon in ocular myasthenia, an activity increase is found in the electromyogram, even when the motor effect on the diseased muscle is not recognisable. Myopathies and peripheral neurogenic paresis do not respond to Tensilon.
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PMID:[Electromyography of eye muscles in myasthenia gravis]. 739 81

We describe a 53 year old woman who progressively showed a left extrinsic oculomotor paresis, at first suggesting ocular myasthenia, which was ruled out by a negative Tensilon test. A CT scan of the brain revealed a pituitary mass consistent with an adenoma which was confirmed by endocrinological investigation and standard MRI. Carotid angiography, performed the day before the scheduled trans-sphenoidal surgery, clearly showed a giant intrasellar aneurysm of the left carotid syphon. An extra-intracranial by-pass with occlusion of the internal carotid artery was successfully executed.
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PMID:A further case of giant intrasellar carotid aneurysm mimicking a pituitary adenoma: the relevance of a multivariate approach in differential diagnosis. 769 96

A total of 203 patients with stable binocular diplopia were observed. Examinations included coordimetry, analysis of double images, and investigation of the doubling field in the gaze field. All examinations were performed using an original method with a serial computer. The treatment included therapy of the underlying disease, choice of correcting prisms, exercises aimed at extension of separate vision field, and operation on the oculomotor muscles. Three main forms of diplopia were distinguished: 1) muscular; 2) sensory; and 3) mixed. The first form includes diplopias in paresis of n.III and n.IV, n.VI, late development of convergent squint, orbital injuries, endocrine ophthalmopathy, and myasthenia. The second form includes diplopias developing after delayed operations for convergent squint, and the third form are diplopias after operations for detachment of the retina and implantation of intraocular lenses. The treatment led to complete neutralization of doubling in 18.7% cases, neutralization in the main part of the gaze field in 53.7%, the same with prism correction in 12.8% cases; in 14.8% patients adaptation to diplopia was attained after suppression of the second image. Diplopia in late squint is prognostically the most favorable, and the following conditions are listed in the order of more or less good prognosis: paresis of n.VI, n.IV, orbital injuries, endocrine ophthalmopathy, and artiphakia. The least favorable prognoses are for patients after delayed operation for squint and detachment of the retina. A new operation, plastic repair of the external m. rectus, was used in 96 patients with pareses of n.VI; no compensation was attained in only 2 patients.
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PMID:[Clinical picture and treatment of diplopia]. 1122 71

This report describes a female patient with myasthenia gravis who developed respiratory failure due to vocal cord paresis. The diagnosis was delayed due to the absence of other myasthenic symptoms (e.g. ptosis, muscle weakness and dysphagia). On direct laryngoscopy, her vocal cords were seen to be in the paramedian position and to move apart after the intravenous injection of edrophonium. The patient initially presented with ocular myasthenia and later returned with isolated respiratory failure. A review of the pertinent literature revealed few reports on myasthenia gravis presenting in this manner.
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PMID:Respiratory failure due to vocal cord paresis in myasthenia gravis. 1209 77


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