Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The rare liquor leakage syndrome with cranial nerve lesion, which preferably affects the eye-muscle nerves, can be caused either by further leakage of liquor cerebrospinalis through the dura hole made by the lumbar puncture - or after a surgical operation on the spinal canal leaving a dura closure, which is not tight. This does not occur after a suboccipital puncture. A report is given on three cases with different eye-muscle paresis after a simple diagnostic lumbar puncture, after a lumbosacral myelography and after a resection of the sacral nerve roots including the filum terminale and caudal dural sac. The prognosis of the eye-muscle paresis is good. Restitutio ad integrum resulted. A fourth case with temporary loss of sight of one eye is reported after a lumbar air encephalography, but the eye nerves were damaged before as a result of previous tuberculous basal meningitis. Only partial recovery of the visual power occurred.
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PMID:[Neuroophthalmological complications through liquor leakage after surgical operation on the spinal canal for diagnostic i.e. therapeutic purposes (author's transl)]. 14 6

Successful identification of the cranial nerve and ocular muscle responsible for a subjective complaint of diplopia requires an evaluation of the type and character of the double vision and not infrequently the use of a red glass or Maddox rod, especially in incomplete and subtle cases. An isolated third nerve lesion is most commonly seen with a supraclinoid aneurysm (pupil dilated and fixed), vascular disease (pupil spared), and trauma. Mild frontal head trauma and vascular disease are the most common etiologies associated with an isolated fourth nerve paresis. Tumor, vascular disease and trauma should be prime considerations when a patient presents with an isolated sixth nerve paresis. A child's diagnostic possibilities will differ from the adult: third nerve (congenital), fourth nerve (congenital), and sixth nerve (brainstem glioma, postviral or inflammatory). Finally, myasthenia gravis can readily mask or mimic an isolated or mixed cranial nerve palsy. A Tensilon test is always indicated in unexplained diplopia with ophthalmoplegia and normal pupils.
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PMID:Paresis of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI: clinical manifestation and differential diagnosis. 248 13

In this retrospective study the authors have analysed the results of electrophysiologic examinations in patients with paresis or paralysis of the foot dorsiflexors. Two groups have been distinguished. A first group consists of 217 patients, investigated between April 1st 1986 and September 30th 1987. Several etiologic categories have been recognized and the relative frequency of each of them in the group as a whole has been described. Footdrop has been found to be either of central neurogenic origin (31%) or of peripheral neurogenic origin (68%). The latter group has been further subdivided, the most important subgroups being common peroneal nerve lesions (30.6%), L5-radiculopathies (19.7%) and polyneuropathies (18.3%). In a second group, the authors have studied the results of 34 electrophysiologic examinations for footdrop due to a sciatic nerve lesion and of 109 examinations for footdrop due to common peroneal nerve palsy. The period covered was from January 1st 1980 to September 30th 1987 The authors have been able to draw a parallel between these two categories of footdrop patients; 76.5% of the sciatic nerve lesions and 67.0% of the common peroneal nerve lesions are traumatic in origin; in both groups there is a striking preponderance of young male patients, which is even more pronounced when only the traumatic lesions are considered. In the majority of cases with sciatic nerve damage the peroneal portion is involved. In the common peroneal nerve lesions, the deep structures are more frequently injured than the superficial aspect.2=
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PMID:A retrospective electrodiagnostic evaluation of footdrop in 303 patients. 272 27

Electromyography was performed in 10 patients 14 to 50 years after acute poliomyelitis and in 12 patients 6 to 16 years after a peripheral nerve lesion. All patients had made an almost complete recovery from initially severe paresis. In the poliomyelitis group the main finding was an increased mean action potential duration in all patients. In the patients with peripheral nerve lesions an increased frequency of spontaneous activity could be seen in 8 out of 10 and an increased mean action potential duration in 7 out of 9 patients during the initial phase. Six to 16 years later the main pathological results were a prolonged mean action potential duration (9 out of 12 patients) whilst increased spontaneous activity was detectable only in 3 out of 12 patients. In two patients all EMG findings were normal.
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PMID:Electromyographic findings in patients after recovery from peripheral nerve lesions and poliomyelitis. 616 53

The clinical data of 59 patients with hemophilia A or B are reviewed. Intracranial bleeding was observed in 6 patients and a minor bleeding episode was assumed in a further 8 patients. Neurosurgical evacuation of the hematoma was necessary in 2 cases and the remaining patients were treated solely with factor VIII or IX. In 10 patients a peripheral nerve lesion was observed, paresis of the femoral nerve being the most frequent (5 cases). Two patients showed a lesion of the lumbar and sacral plexus, 2 patients a lesion of the radial nerve and one patient a lesion of the cutaneous femoris lateralis nerve.
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PMID:Neurological complications in hemophilia. 678 96

We describe a 31-year-old man in whom a paresis and sensory defect of the left arm developed after amputation of the index finger. The operation was performed in a bloodless field, using a pneumatic tourniquet. The sensory defect resolved in two months and the paresis in five and a half months. We consider that direct pressure produced by the tourniquet caused the nerve lesion. It is probable that the tourniquet was inflated to a pressure of 500 millimetres of mercury instead of the intended 250 millimetres of mercury because of a faulty gauge. In order to avoid this rare complication, it is advisable to check the tourniquet gauge each time before use.
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PMID:Pneumatic tourniquet paralysis. Case report. 687 16

In patients with symptomatic aneurysms of the posterior communicating artery, the prognosis of oculomotor palsy mainly depends on the interval between the onset of palsy and the time of operation, and furthermore on the degree of preoperative deficit and the development of the cranial nerve lesion. The incidence of ultimately complete or incomplete palsy is the same in cases with subarachnoid haemorrhage and without rupture ("warning symptom"). In many cases, an initially incomplete paresis develops to a complete ocular palsy within eight days. Ptosis is generally the first symptom, and it frequently shows the earliest recovery of all other disturbed oculomotor functions after surgery. Full recovery of oculomotor palsy occurs usually only in those patients who undergo early clipping of an aneurysm, i.e. mainly within 10 days after onset of ocular palsy. Complete restitution after carotid ligation is possible, but rare. In cases with full recovery, restitution occurs mostly within three months, sometimes even within a few weeks. An improvement in oculomotor palsy is still possible after a year, but ultimately in these patients recovery remains always more or less incomplete. Incomplete restitution of a third cranial nerve lesion is very often associated with aberrant regeneration and subsequent synkinetic ocular movement. The restitution of the single ocular muscle functions shows a fairly constant course: the levator palpebrae muscle and the M. rectus medialis show rapid recovery. The parasympathetic fibres follow next, but normal function of elevation and depression of the ocular bulb (M. rectus sup., M. obliquus inf. and M. rectus inf.) is often delayed.
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PMID:Prognosis of oculomotor palsy in patients with aneurysms of the posterior communicating artery. 716 92

Paresis of the femoral nerve following vaginal hysterectomy is a rare event, only 21 cases have been reported in the literature. This lesion is caused by pressure of the femoral nerve through the ligamentum inguinale during extreme flection and abduction of the thigh when vaginal surgery is done in lithotomy position. To avoid this femoral nerve lesion during vaginal hysterectomy the inclination angle between thigh and body should not be smaller than 45 degrees and the abduction angle should not exceed 45 degrees in relation to a vertical midline. The correct positioning of the patients has to be checked and documented by the gynecologist performing the operation. The operating gynecologist is responsible for injuries and damages by incorrect positioning of the patient.
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PMID:[Femoral nerve paralysis after vaginal hysterectomy and its forensic importance]. 834 50

An isolated accessory nerve lesion was diagnosed in three patients. At clinical investigation of patients with this lesion, paresis of the trapezius muscle is found. This finding can be substantiated by electromyography. An accessory nerve lesion is usually caused by trauma (including surgical trauma) or space-occupying lesions such as tumour or abscess. There are also idiopathic forms. The prognosis is poor. Treatment may include electrostimulation, administration of NSAIDs, nerve transplantation and muscle transposition.
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PMID:[Isolated lesion of the accessory nerve]. 837 69

Suprascapular nerve entrapment (SNE) in the suprascapular notch is a rare entity that must be considered in the differential diagnosis of radicular pain, as well as that of shoulder discomfort. Over a period of 10 years (1985-1995), the authors treated 28 cases of SNE in 27 patients by surgical decompression of the nerve. One patient underwent operation bilaterally within 5 years. Five patients presented with a history of trauma to the shoulder region. In three patients, a ganglion cyst was the origin of the nerve lesion. In 16 patients, the nerve problem was primarily related to athletic activities. Eight of these patients were professional volleyball players. In the remaining three patients, there was no relationship between the nerve lesion and trauma or athletic activities. Twenty-one patients (22 cases) complained of pain located over the suprascapular notch. Seventeen patients had paresis and atrophy of both the supraspinatus (SS) and infraspinatus (IS) muscles. In 10 patients only the IS muscle was involved. One patient exhibited a sensory deficit over the posterior portion of the shoulder. Electromyography was performed in all cases. The mean follow-up period in the 25 cases (24 patients) that could be evaluated was 20.8 months (range 3-70 months). Nineteen of 22 cases with preoperative pain could be evaluated. Sixteen of these patients were completely free of pain after surgery and three patients found their pain had improved. Motor function in the SS muscle improved in 86.7% and motor function in the IS muscle in 70.8% of cases. Atrophy of the SS muscle resolved in 80.7% and atrophy of the IS muscle in 50% of cases. Surgical treatment of SNE is indicated after failed conservative treatment and in cases of atrophy of the SS and IS muscles. The authors recommend the posterior approach, which minimizes risks and complications and produces good postoperative results.
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PMID:Suprascapular nerve entrapment: experience with 28 cases. 892 90


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