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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Logistic regression was used to investigate the effects of host characteristics, production, and 23 veterinary diagnoses on the risks of two reticuloruminal disorders, ruminal acidosis and traumatic reticuloperitonitis among 61,124 Finnish Ayrshire cows. Lactational incidence risks were .3% for ruminal acidosis and .6% for traumatic reticuloperitonitis. The relative risk of ruminal acidosis was not related to parity, whereas the risk of traumatic reticuloperitonitis decreased with increasing parity. The risk of traumatic reticuloperitonitis was not related to milk yield of individual affected cows in their current or previous lactation (305-d, 4% FCM), whereas the risk of ruminal acidosis increased with current milk yield. Ketosis, early metritis, nonparturient paresis, and acute and chronic mastitis were risk factors for both reticuloruminal disorders. Parturient paresis was a risk factor for ruminal acidosis. Foot and leg problems were risk factors for traumatic reticuloperitonitis. Herd milk yield in the current or previous lactations was not a risk factor for either disorder nor were the two disorders risk factors for each other. Ruminal acidosis, but not traumatic reticuloperitonitis, had significant seasonal variation with the risk being least in summer. The low risk of ruminal acidosis in summer was not due to seasonality of calving.
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PMID:Effect of diseases, production, and season on traumatic reticuloperitonitis and ruminal acidosis in dairy cattle. 225 85

Logistic regression was used to investigate the effects of host characteristics, production, and 23 veterinary diagnoses on the odds of contracting seven metabolic disorders among 61,124 Finnish Ayrshire cows that calved during 1983. Cows in higher producing herds were at increased risk of parturient paresis, udder edema, and ketosis. Cows that had higher previous yields were at increased risk of parturient and nonparturient paresis and ketosis. All of the metabolic disorders except udder edema were directly interrelated. Dystocia, prolapsed uterus, other infertility, and abortion were not risk factors for any of the seven metabolic disorders; however, retained placenta, early metritis, traumatic reticuloperitonitis, acute and chronic mastitis, and foot or leg injury each were direct risk factors for at least two metabolic disorders.
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PMID:Epidemiology of metabolic disorders in dairy cattle: association among host characteristics, disease, and production. 277 71

Path analysis and logistic regression were used to model direct and indirect relationships among clinical periparturient (within 30 d after calving) retained placenta, metritis, veterinary-assisted dystocia, uncomplicated and complicated ketosis, left displaced abomasum, parturient paresis, mastitis, and estimated nutrient intakes (protein, calcium, phosphorus, energy; coded into terciles) in the last 3 wk of the dry period. Data were from 1,374 multiparous Holstein lactations for calvings from March 1981 through February 1982 in 31 commercial herds in central New York. Periparturient disorders occurred as a complex. Odds ratios for the multiplicative effects of parturient paresis on incidence of veterinary-assisted dystocia, retained placenta, complicated ketosis, and clinical mastitis were 7.2, 4.0, 23.6, and 5.4, respectively. Reproductive disorders were interrelated. Retained placenta, left displaced abomasum, and parturient paresis directly increased risk of complicated ketosis (odds ratios were 16.4, 53.5, and 23.6, respectively). Higher terciles of estimated energy intake in the last 3 wk of the dry period decreased risk of veterinary-assisted dystocia and left displaced abomasum, while higher terciles of estimated protein intake decreased risk of retained placenta and uncomplicated ketosis. Estimated nutrient intakes were directly related to subsequent metabolic disorders and directly and indirectly related (mediated by metabolic disorders) to reproductive disorders. The study suggests that feeding higher intakes (relative to National Research Council recommendations) of protein and energy in the last 3 week of the dry period may reduce the incidence of metabolic and reproductive disorders. Exact recommendations as to the amounts and types of feed cannot be made from our results.
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PMID:Path analysis of dry period nutrition, postpartum metabolic and reproductive disorders, and mastitis in Holstein cows. 406 48

The association between parturient hypocalcemia and 8 periparturient disorders (dystocia, retained fetal placenta, metritis, left displaced abomasum, foot problems, ketosis, mastitis, and coliform mastitis) was evaluated in 33 Holstein dairy herds (2,190 cows) that calved from March 1981 through February 1982. There were highly significant (P less than 0.0001) associations between parturient hypocalcemia and dystocia, retained fetal placenta, ketosis, and mastitis. The odds ratios (multiplicative increases in occurrence) for these associations were 6.5, 3.2, 8.9, and 8.1, respectively. There was a significantly (P less than 0.03) association between parturient paresis and coliform mastitis (odds ratio, 9.0). There was a tendency for association with left displaced abomasum (odds ratio, 3.4; P less than 0.06).
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PMID:Association of parturient hypocalcemia with eight periparturient disorders in Holstein cows. 661 88

The effects of 15 diseases on time until culling were studied in 39,727 Finnish Ayrshire cows that calved during 1993 and were followed until the next calving or culling. The diseases studied were: dystocia, milk fever, retained placenta, displacement of the abomasum, metritis, non-parturient paresis, ketosis, rumen disorders, acute mastitis, hypomagnesemia, lameness, traumatic reticuloperitonitis, anestrus, ovarian cysts, and teat injuries. Survival analysis, using the Cox proportional hazards model, was performed and diseases were modeled as time-dependent covariates. Different stages of lactation when culling can occur were also considered. Parity, calving season and herd were included as covariates in every model. Parity had a significant effect on culling, the risk of culling being four times higher for a cow in her sixth or higher parity than for a first parity cow. The effects of diseases varied according to when the diseases occurred and when culling occurred. Mastitis, teat injuries and lameness had a significant effect on culling throughout the whole lactation. Anestrus and ovarian cysts had a protective effect against culling at the time when they were diagnosed. In general, diseases affected culling decisions mostly at the time of their occurrence. The effect seemed to decrease with time from the diagnosis of the disease. However, milk fever, dystocia and metritis also had a significant effect on culling at the end of the lactation.
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PMID:Culling of dairy cows. Part I. Effects of diseases on culling in Finnish Ayrshire cows. 1044 46

Finland's cold loose-housing systems for dairy cows were compared with the more traditional warm loose-housing systems regarding the incidences of ketosis, mastitis, metritis, parturient paresis and ovarian disorders. Approximately 5000 calvings on 210 farms during the years 1996 and 1997 were modelled, using multilevel Poisson regression and multilevel logistic-regression in a retrospective observational cohort study. Cows in a cold loose-housing system were at lower odds for developing late mastitis (15-305 days in milk), and metritis (Friesian breed); of the same odds for ketosis and early mastitis (0-14 days in milk); but at higher odds for developing parturient paresis and metritis (Ayrshire breed). The estimated odds ratio for ovarian disorders depended on the definition for exposure. Although one of the differences was statistically significant and many of them of veterinary interest, none of them appear to be substantial for the economy of a median-sized dairy farm in Finland.
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PMID:Comparison of the disease incidences of dairy cows kept in cold and warm loose-housing systems. 1193 32

Finnish Ayrshire and Finnish Black and White cows were compared regarding the incidences of early and late mastitis, parturient paresis, ketosis, ovarian disorders, metritis and the risk of having a test-day somatic-cell count >200,000 cells ml(-1) at any of the first three monthly test days in lactation. In a retrospective cohort study 101,793 cows from 5844 tie stalls and 11,811 cows from 437 loose-housing systems from all over Finland were followed from calving in 2000 until the end of lactation. The observed incidences of those cows were then analysed using generalised linear mixed models. Finnish Black and White cows had higher incidences of all diseases except ovarian disorders. Although the differences were statistically significant in all models except metritis and early mastitis in loose-housing systems, they were, in our view, only important on the national level (for the breeding organisations), and of little importance for the farmers.
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PMID:Comparison of the disease incidences of Finnish Ayrshire and Finnish Black and White dairy cows. 1506 92

Daily individual voluntary intakes of dry matter (DM % of body weight) and estimated net energy (ENE, Mcal/100 kg) by 89 Holstein cows were compared between day 220 of gestation and day 30 postpartum over a 21-month period. The purpose was to compare effects of diet and health status (control vs. abnormal) on intakes of DM and ENE. The cows were fed either chopped hay, hay crop silage (HCS) or corn silage (CS). Compared to controls, voluntary intakes of DM and ENE were decreased (most to least) in cows with fat cow syndrome (FCS), parturient paresis (PP), mastitis (MST), retained fetal membranes-metritis (RFM-M), and displaced abomasum (DA) prepartum and FCS, DA, PP, RFM-M and MST peripartum. Cows fed hay had a lower incidence of RFM-M (28%) than cows fed HCS (57%) and CS (47%) as well as superior reproductive efficiency subsequently (89% conceived vs. 72% and 78%, respectively).
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PMID:Variables associated with peripartum traits in dairy cows. II. Interrelationships among disorders and their effects on intake of feed and on reproductive efficiency. 1672 9