Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who was previously treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy was seen with intestinal pseudoobstruction due to paralytic ileus associated with herpes zoster (varicella zoster) infection. The infection was accompanied by a polydermatomal rash with typical morphologic characteristics, followed by cutaneous dissemination and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), as well as myotomal paresis. The diagnosis was supported by cytology and by culture of the virus from the CSF. The isolation of the virus from the CSF, coupled with abnormalities of the patient's mental status and CSF, indicate that meningoencephalitis occurred and probably accounted for the SIADH. The patient had a spontaneous and complete recovery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SIADH associated with herpes zoster infection.
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PMID:Disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. 630 97

In four of 14 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who received induction chemotherapy containing weekly injections of vincristine and simultaneous antifungal prophylaxis with itraconazole, unusually severe and early vincristine-induced neurotoxicity was observed. In these patients (three female, one male) paresthesia and muscle weakness of the upper/lower extremities and paralytic ileus occurred after the first or second vincristine injection. In one patient a laryngeal nerve paresis required mechanical ventilation. The neurotoxic complications were more serious than those seen in a previous series of 460 ALL patients under the identical cytostatic regimen but without itraconazole prophylaxis. The underlying mechanism is unclear. Interaction with the cytochrome P-450 system, reversal of multidrug resistance, and influence of estrogens are to be considered.
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PMID:Aggravation of vincristine-induced neurotoxicity by itraconazole in the treatment of adult ALL. 853 64

Postoperative pseudo-obstruction is a rare state of protracted gastrointestinal paresis that may progress to paralysis without the presence of obstructive lesions. Pseudo-obstruction is usually, but not exclusively, associated with an abdominal operative procedure (laparotomy), however, it may occasionally occur following extra-abdominal operations. As differentiated from the usual, 'physiologic'postoperative paresis, pseudo-obstruction persists for more than 7 days. The pathogenesis of postoperative pseudo-obstruction is complex and as yet partially unknown. Whereas the 'physiologic' postoperative gastrointestinal paresis includes short-term functional cholinergic depression of the visceral organs, in pseudo-obstruction focal lesions in the region of Auerbach's plexus, manifesting as visceral neuromyopathy, are involved. That is why the 'physiologic' postoperative paresis never transforms into paralytic ileus, while in pseudo-obstruction such a risk is potentially involved. The treatment for pseudo-obstruction is as a rule conservative. Surgical treatment (cecostomy) is rarely required. Colonoscopic decompresive suction is usually enough to eliminate the risk of colon rupture due to extensive distention by fast growing meteorism. A patient with postoperative pseudo-obstruction is presented.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal pseudo-obstruction: report of a patient with postoperative pseudo-obstruction. 1178 64

Severe trauma triggers endocrine and inflammatory responses, leading to hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and protein catabolism. Pharmacological and nutritional interventions cannot counteract these metabolic disturbances. However, adequate supply of energy and proteins may reduce excessive catabolism.Available guidelines recommend early use of enteral nutrition with energetic supply of about 25 kcal/kg and additional protein supply of 1.5 g/kg/day. These aims will be missed frequently by solely providing enteral nutrition in severely injured patients. Early supplemental parenteral nutrition should be used in these cases. Concomitantly, gastric paresis and paralytic ileus hampering enteral nutrition should be treated by propulsive and prokinetic drugs and by use of duodenal or jejunal site of application in selected cases.Euphoric hopes linked with intensified insulin therapy (IIT), targeting blood glucose levels <110 mg/dl in intensive care patients, had to be widely abandoned in recent years. The goal for blood glucose levels should be set at 180 mg/dl as the upper limit according to current knowledge, which promises to optimize the balance between efficacy and safety.
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PMID:[Nutritional management of severely injured patients : Treatment between guidelines and reality]. 2204 51