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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four newborn boys developed respiratory insufficiency and pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema as the result of a laryngeal or tracheal rupture. These ruptures were due to birth injuries after difficult labour resulting from shoulder dystocia or a large lymphangioma and to a birth weight of at least 4500 g. The three children with shoulder dystocia also had a clavicular fracture, a Horner's syndrome, Erb paralysis or phrenic nerve paresis. Treatment consisted of surgical repair followed by a few days' intubation. The children with a shoulder dystocia recovered well, although in one of them a tracheal stenosis had to be resected a few months later. The child with the lymphangioma died from a bifurcation embolus. In newborns with respiratory insufficiency and pneumomediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema after a difficult delivery an emergency laryngotracheoscopy has to be performed to exclude rupture of larynx or trachea.
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PMID:[Rupture of larynx or trachea resulting from injuries sustained at birth]. 1044 82

Nonmalignant parotid masses in children can have protean etiologies ranging from infective parotitis to a benign neoplastic, vascular, or congenital origin. We review the 10-year experience of a tertiary care pediatric centre with respect to the surgical management of nonmalignant parotid masses. In total, 15 patients with nonmalignant masses of the parotid gland region underwent surgery. Five children were diagnosed with lymphoepithelial cyst or first branchial cleft cyst. Three children were diagnosed with parotid abscess, one of whom had atypical mycobacteria. Other diagnoses included lymphangioma (three cases), chronic inflammation (two cases), and epidermoid cyst (one case). One patient who presented with a parotid cyst was diagnosed postoperatively with plexiform neurofibroma of the facial nerve. She was the only patient with postoperative facial nerve paresis, affecting the orbital branch. Presentation and postoperative complications of these surgically managed nonmalignant parotid masses are reviewed. The history and physical examination are of the utmost importance in predicting the diagnosis, although ultrasonography and computed tomography can be useful. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was not well tolerated by children and appears of little use as the accurate diagnosis was provided by the surgical pathology specimen.
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PMID:Surgical management of nonmalignant parotid masses in the pediatric population: the Montreal Children's Hospital's experience. 1277 62

Upper mediastinum involvement in diseases of the head and neck may require a sternal split. This study describes our adaptation of the upper median or "minimal" sternotomy technique for the treatment of head and neck pathologies. Between April 2002 and October 2005, 17 patients aged 4 to 82 years underwent minimal sternotomy in our institution for a variety of head and neck pathologies. The 17 patients included 11 adults with metastatic thyroid disease (six metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma, two medullary carcinoma, and one Hiirthle cell carcinoma) and huge retrosternal goiter (n = 2), four adults with parathyroid disease (two primary parathyroid adenoma, one secondary hyperplasia, and one parathyroid carcinoma), and two children with lymphangioma and huge thymic cyst (one each). Average hospitalization was 8 days. Four patients needed a thoracic drain for 2 days, one had recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, and one had phrenic nerve paresis. There were no postoperative deaths. Minimal sternotomy appears to be an excellent alternative for surgical exploration of the mediastinum and may be used in head and neck surgery for a range of indications.
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PMID:Adaptation of median partial sternotomy in head and neck surgery. 1818 89