Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030552 (paresis)
 5,831 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since 1978, the authors have observed 7 cases of dissecting aneurysm in the internal carotid artery. Symptoms were severe headache and subsequent neurologic deficit in young persons (3 women, 4 men; mean age 35 years). The underlying pathology was spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery, with surgical confirmation in 3 cases and typical angiographic patterns in all cases. Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery is being increasingly recognized as a cause of cerebral ischemia in young adults. Moreover this clinicopathologic event is more common than had previously been supposed. The etiology remains unclear, except in 15% of cases in which dystrophy of the media (Marfan's syndrome) is in cause. No history of cervical trauma can be found. Typical clinical features consist in ipsilateral headache preceding an abrupt neurologic deficit in a 40-year-old person. An incomplete Horner syndrome (oculosympathetic paresis without facial anhidrosis) associated with facial pain and numbness is pathognomonic, but the majority of dissections are less typical. The typical angiographic pattern is an elongated regular stenosis of the high cervical internal carotid artery, 2 cm above the non-involved bulbus ("string sign"). The dissection may modify to a tapered occlusion above the point of origin of the internal carotid artery. The natural course is spontaneous resolution of the stricture, without relapse. Optimal management is non-operative since medical treatment has proved to be efficient. These cases confirm the benign course and overall good prognosis of spontaneous dissections of the internal carotid artery which are not as rare as the scarcity of reports might indicate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery. Apropos of 7 cases and a review of the literature]. 217 45

An unclassified type of ophthalmoplegia, composed of sixth-nerve paresis and Horner's syndrome without facial anhidrosis, was studied in an 18-year-old woman following cranial trauma. Carotid angiography disclosed a traumatic intracavernous carotid aneurysm. According to previous anatomical reports, an important sympathetic nerve joins the sixth cranial nerve in the posterior part of the cavernous sinus. An expansive process into the cavernous sinus at this point may cause this unclassified neurological syndrome. A review of the literature and a detailed clinical study were made.
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PMID:An unrecognized neurological syndrome: sixth-nerve palsy and Horner's syndrome due to traumatic intracavernous carotid aneurysm. 728 Sep 87

Tube thoracostomy is a common therapeutic approach applied in medical practice. Certain complications of this procedure have been described in the literature. Oculosympathetic paresis, or Horner's syndrome, occurs from the interruption of second order preganglionic neurons and manifests as miosis, ptosis, hemifacial anhidrosis and enophthalmos. Iatrogenic Horner's syndrome, on the other hand, very rarely couples with tube thoracostomy. Only seven cases have been described in the literature, two of whom were in the pediatric age group. Herein we present a three-year-old girl operated for diaphragmatic hernia who later developed Horner's syndrome at the same side of the thorax tube. Upon the development of the pathology, the tube was repositioned and after one month only a slight ptosis persisted. Our patient seems to be the third case described in the literature. The clinical significance of this pathology is assessed in this report.
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PMID:Horner's syndrome secondary to tube thoracostomy. 1521 55

Horner's syndrome (oculosympathetic paresis) is characterised by the classic triad of ipsilateral palpebral ptosis, pupillary miosis and facial anhidrosis. The syndrome arises from the interruption of sympathetic innervation to the eye and adnexa at varying levels. It is a rare complication of neck surgery.We describe 6 patients who presented with Horner's syndrome after a neck procedure in our department during the last 5 years and review the different neck procedures that can cause it.
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PMID:Horner's syndrome after neck surgery. 2250 36

Congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis (CIPA) is one of the hereditary autonomic and sensory neuropathies. Typically presenting in infancy, it manifests as hyperpyrexia from defects in sweating (autonomic) and self-mutilating injuries from pain insensitivity (sensory). CIPA being rare in North America, diagnosis is often missed due to variable presentation. Subsequent management of its complications is therefore delayed. We report an unusual presentation in a 2-year-old girl with preexisting diagnosis of CIPA who was evaluated for bilateral upper extremity paresis of insidious onset. MRI revealed a mass compressing her cervical spine as the cause, and work up suggested immune dysfunction as possible etiology. To our knowledge, this complication has not been reported before in association with the disease. We introduce the disease by explaining the molecular pathology behind its presenting features. The neurological findings, documented in association with CIPA, are summarized and serve as a reference for the various presentations of this rare disorder. Since this disease is known to affect the immune system, immune defects in CIPA are discussed with recommendations for surveillance of patient's immune status.
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PMID:Congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis: Case report and review of findings along neuro-immune axis in the disorder. 2777 59

Horner syndrome or oculosympathetic paresis is caused by interruption of the sympathetic nerve supply to the face and eye that manifests as facial anhidrosis, blepharoptosis, and miosis. This sympathetic pathway begins in the hypothalamus and synapses in the intermediolateral gray substance of the spinal cord at C8-T2 levels making it susceptible to disruption via a high thoracic intervertebral disk herniation. We present a rare case of a patient with T1-T2 intervertebral disk herniation and Horner syndrome who was treated surgically. After confirming the diagnosis with MRI, the patient was treated with standard posterior approach with laminoforaminotomy and diskectomy. Although posterior approach surgery is most commonly used for laminectomy and/or foraminotomy, successful anterior approaches to upper thoracic lesions are valid as well. Our patient had resolution of his back pain, paresthesias, and grip weakness at 6 weeks postoperatively, but his Horner syndrome persisted at latest follow-up. Patients with cervical radiculopathy symptoms and physical examination findings consistent with Horner syndrome should be evaluated with a MRI that includes the upper thoracic spine. An accurate diagnosis and timely surgical intervention may provide the patient the best chance for regression of symptoms and a satisfactory outcome.
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PMID:T1-T2 Disk Herniation Presenting With Horner Syndrome: A Case Report With Literary Review. 3065 56