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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curves were performed from blood of subjects with pancreatitis associated with Type V and Type I hyperlipoproteinemia. The hemoglobin-oxygen affininty was markedly increased with P50 varying from 22.3 to 17.7 mmHg. As the hyperlipoproteinemia subsided the clinical and laboratory signs of pancreatic affection disappeared. The increased hemoglobin-oxygen affinity and decreased flow of red cells due to hyperchylomicronemia in the microcirculation may lead to tissue hypoxia, which may act as a precipitating injurious factor leading to pancreatitis during severe hyperlipemia.
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PMID:Increased hemoglobin-oxygen affinity in patients with pancreatitis associated with type I and V hyperlipoproteinemia. 2 74

21 patients with gastroenterological disease and indication for the use of intravenous nutrition received an elemental diet (ED) for 5-44 days. In 6 out of 8 patients with exacerbation of Crohn's disease remissions were achieved, apart from 3 persistent fistulas. In 5 out of 9 cases with various primary diseases and postoperative intestinal fistulas, spontaneous healing was observed. Furthermore, 2 patients with ulcerative colitis, 1 with radiation enteritis and 1 with pancreatitis were treated with ED. On ED, hemoglobin increased from 11.3 +/- 0.4 (m +/- SEM) to 12.0 +/- 0.5 g% (p less than 0.01) and serum albumin from 2.7 +/- 0.1 to 3.4 +/- 0.1 g% (p less than 0.001). Nitrogen requirements were studied in 11 patients receiving various quantities of ED. Nitrogen balance was found to be in equilibrium or positive in 7 patients, and negative in 4. In one patient with severe ulcerative colitis, fecal nitrogen losses were higher than urinary nitrogen losses. The unpleasant taste of ED resulting from free amino acids limited the ED supply in 3 patients and led to premature ending of ED administration in 3 other patients. In such cases ED may be given by nasogastric tube feeding. From the results presented it appears that ED is indicated in Crohn's disease and intestinal fistulas. However, the results obtained require confirmation by further observations and comparison with an intravenously fed control group.
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PMID:[Elementary diet as an alternative to parenteral feeding in severe gastrointestinal diseases]. 40 20

We developed an assay for methemalbumin in biological fluids by using diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex ion-exchange chromatography to separate this protein from interfering components, including hemopexin, transferrin, hemoglobin, and haptoglobin/hemoglobin complex. Initial screening of the samples requires measurement of A280/A405 ratios of the peak tubes of the isolated albumin fraction. Values exceeding 30 indicate that methemalbumin is absent, and no further work is required. Values of less than 30 suggest that methemalbumin is present in the original sample, whereupon the presence and amount of methemalbumin can be ascertained by coloremetric assay for iron with use of ferrozine. Results may be expressed either in terms of micrograms of methemalbumin iron per gram of albumin or in milligrams of methemalbumin per liter. The reproducibility of the method is of the order of +/- 7% (SD). Normal persons have essentially no methemalbumin iron in their serum. Three individuals with hemorrhagic pancreatitis showed values of 65, 98, and 198 mug of methemalbumin Fe per gram of albumin.
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PMID:Clinical determination of methemalbumin. 115 22

Myelosuppression is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and may also be produced by agents used for the treatment of the disease or the treatment of its complications. Didanosine (ddl; 2',3'-dideoxyinosine) is a newer purine nucleoside that has recently become available for therapy for HIV infection. The effects of didanosine on peripheral blood counts have been retrospectively evaluated in the first 170 patients treated with this new agent in four phase I trials. Patients treated with didanosine showed statistically significant improvements in hemoglobin levels, white cell counts, and granulocyte and platelet numbers as compared with baseline values. These changes were seen with or without prior therapy with zidovudine, were somewhat more pronounced at higher doses of didanosine, and persisted for up to 1 year. Reported adverse events included peripheral neuropathy, diarrhea, and most notably, pancreatitis. It is concluded that, while some toxic side effects occur, didanosine therapy in HIV infection is associated with an amelioration of HIV-induced myelosuppression.
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PMID:Effects of therapy with didanosine on hematologic parameters in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease. 146 12

The diagnostic values of CA 19-9 and CEA were evaluated in 187 cases (including 31 gastric, 41 colorectal, 12 pancreatic, 7 hepatobiliar and 5 hepatocellular carcinomas). These tumor markers were compared to the other laboratory parameters [hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum bilirubin, ASAT (aspartate amino transferase), ALAT (alanine amino transferase) GGT (gamma glutamil transpeptidase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase)]. The specificity of CA 19-9 was 89.5%, while the sensitivity of this tumor markers was 91.7% in pancreatic carcinoma, 54.8% in gastric carcinoma and 43.9% in colorectal carcinoma. The sensitivity of CEA only in colorectal patients was higher than that of CA 19-9 (specificity 73.9%, sensitivity 64.5%). Although the CA 19-9 and CEA are not known to give any cross-reaction with each other, simultaneous measurement and evaluation of these two tumor antigens did not result in a better diagnostic sensitivity. After undergoing a gastrointestinal carcinoma operation, CA 19-9 indicated the appearance of tumor recidiva with a 62% sensitivity. Calculated together with CEA the sensitivity elevated to 88.9%. In most of the patient with benign cholostasis, the CA 19-9 and CEA values were out of the normal range (53.3% and 36.4% respectively), so these tumor markers are not suitable to differentiate between benign and malign cholostasis. According to the authors, CA 19-9 is the most useful diagnostic tool to differentiate between pancreatic carcinoma and pancreatitis chronica (both group without cholostasis), as well as for monitoring the patients after surgery of a gastrointestinal cancer.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of CA 19-9 and CEA in gastrointestinal pathology]. 160 81

In 76 male wistar rats with a median weight of 340 g acute pancreatitis was induced by injection of 2% sodium taurocholate into a temporarily closed duodenal loop. 40 animals received an additional cecostomy (group B), the others served as controls (group A). The postoperative figures for amylase, leucocyte count, and hemoglobin were nearly identical in both groups. According to histologic criteria acute pancreatitis was comparable in both groups, too. In nine rats endotoxin was found elevated postoperatively (13.4%). Seven animals belonged to the control (22.6%) and only two to the cecostomy group (5.6%). The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Also the differences between the median serum endotoxin levels reached statistic significance (79 ng/l in group B vs. 219 ng/l in group A). Mortality was significantly increased in endotoxin-positive animals (42.9% vs. 19.4%). Additionally, among the animals of the control group alterations of the colonic mucosa were observed more frequently than in the cecostomy group. The results are in favour of a translocation of endotoxin from the gut lumen into the circulation during acute experimental pancreatitis.
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PMID:[Effect of cecostomy on the pathophysiology and prognosis of acute experimental pancreatitis]. 161 79

One hundred and ninety-three nephrotic children with a total of 271 admissions during the past decade, from 1980 to 1989, were retrospectively reviewed for acute complications and unusual features of nephrotic syndrome. One hundred and forty-nine patients were male, 44 female. Hypertension was found in 41 children (21.2%). Nine patients (4.7%) had a total of 11 episodes of hypovolemic shock. These shock patients had a more severe hemoconcentration (mean hemoglobin concentration 19.6 +/- 1.5 g/dl) and hyponatremia (mean serum sodium 127.5 +/- 8.5 mmole/L). Bacterial infections occurred in 28 children (14.5%) with primary peritonitis in 13, sepsis in 6, cellulitis in 4, urinary tract infection in 4 and osteomyelitis in 1. Almost all infections were caused by gram-negative bacilli. Other complications or features included tetany in 4 (2.1%), thromboembolism in 2 (1.0%), pancreatitis in one (0.5%) and Fanconi syndrome in one (0.5%).
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PMID:Complications of nephrotic syndrome in children. 168 Oct 1

Non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with resistance to ketosis. The onset is usually after age 40 years. Patients are variably symptomatic and frequently obese, hyperlipidemic and hypertensive. Clinical, pathological and biochemical evidence suggests that the disease is caused by a combined defect of insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Goals in the treatment of hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension should be appropriate to the patient's age, the status of diabetic complications and the safety of the regimen. Nonpharmacologic management includes meal planning to achieve a suitable weight, such that carbohydrates supply 50% to 60% of the daily energy intake, with limitation of saturated fats, cholesterol and salt when indicated, and physical activity appropriate to the patient's age and cardiovascular status. Follow-up should include regular visits with the physician, access to diabetes education, self-monitoring of the blood or urine glucose level and laboratory-based measurement of the plasma levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin. If unacceptably high plasma glucose levels (e.g., 8 mmol/L or more before meals) persist the use of orally given hypoglycemic agents (a sulfonylurea agent or metformin or both) is indicated. Temporary insulin therapy may be needed during intercurrent illness, surgery or pregnancy. Long-term insulin therapy is recommended in patients with continuing symptoms or hyperglycemia despite treatment with diet modification and orally given hypoglycemic agents. The risk of pancreatitis may be reduced by treating severe hypertriglyceridemia (fasting serum level greater than 10 mmol/L) and atherosclerotic disease through dietary and, if necessary, pharmacologic management of dyslipidemia. Antihypertensive agents are available that have fewer adverse metabolic effects than thiazides and beta-adrenergic receptor blockers. New drugs are being developed that will enhance effective insulin secretion and action and inhibit the progress of complications.
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PMID:Non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus. 174 94

Methemalbumin was estimated by means of electrophoresis and the method of Walberg, respectively in 59 patients (25 pat. with edematous, 34 patients with hemorrhagic pancreatitis) partially over three days. In addition the estimation of free hemoglobin in ascites has been carried out. By both approaches of methemalbumin estimation there was no differentiation of the two pancreatitis forms possible. Though the method of Walberg was much more sensitive especially in the serum its specificity was correspondingly lower. The tendency to a correlation of the methemalbumin-concentration to the severity of the course of the disease could be observed. Such a correlation has been proved statistically for the free hemoglobin.
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PMID:[Comparison of 2 methemalbumin measurements and of free hemoglobin in view of their value in the differential diagnosis of edematous and hemorrhagic pancreatitis]. 191 Apr 88

In a phase I dosage-finding trial, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (didanosine; ddI) was administered once daily to 36 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex for up to 65 weeks (mean, 32.1 weeks) at six dosage levels. Thirteen of 18 patients previously treated with zidovudine had developed hematologic intolerance. The maximal tolerated dosage of ddI was 12 mg/(kg.d); dose-limiting toxicities were pancreatitis and peripheral neuropathy. Other toxicities included elevation in hepatic transaminase levels, rash, cardiac conduction abnormality, and asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Eighty-six percent of patients who completed 6 weeks of treatment showed improvement in constitutional symptoms and significant weight gain. In patients treated with ddI, the mean number of CD4+ lymphocytes increased from 124/mm3 at baseline to 199/mm3 at 24 weeks (P = .0027) and the mean leukocyte count, total lymphocyte count, and hemoglobin level showed increases (all P less than .01) after 12 weeks. Serum levels of viral p24 antigen decreased greater than or equal to 50% in 14 of 19 assessable patients. No differences between the responses of patients previously treated with zidovudine and those of zidovudine-naive patients were observed. These results indicate that ddI has significant antiretroviral activity in vivo and a toxicity profile different from that of zidovudine.
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PMID:Treatment of AIDS and AIDS-related complex with 2',3'-dideoxyinosine given once daily. 197 27


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