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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis was created in dogs using the closed duodenal loop technique. After 18 hours, a a constant rate of pancreatic exocrine secretion was stimulated with secretin. A direct relationship was observed between the percentage inhibition of secretin-stimulated pancreatic exocrine flow and the dose of antidiuretic hormone administered to dogs with acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis. The acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis reduced the sensitivity of the exocrine pancreas to secretin and antidiuretic hormone.
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PMID:Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis in the dog. 5. The effect of antidiuretic hormone on pancreatic exocrine secretion. 59 24

Abnormally large duodenal aspirates have been reported in a large percentage of patients with cirrhosis of the liver. The source of this fluid has been variously ascribed to the liver and/or pancreas. The present study was undertaken to clarify its source. Eleven patients with cirrhosis of the liver and one with cholestatic hepatitis underwent an intraductal secretin test during endoscopic cannulation of the pancreatic duct. Six patients with cirrhosis had pancreatic hypersecretion ranging from 7.8 to 26.0 ml/min, while three patients demonstrated low secretory flow rates. Bile flow was negligible or nonexistent in ten patients, while in two others, larger but unmeasurable amounts of bile secretion were present. This study conclusively demonstrates that pancreatic hypersecretion may occur in patients with cirrhosis during secretin stimulation. Impaired metabolism of secretin or the associated pancreatic hypersecretion of early pancreatitis may be responsible for this finding.
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PMID:Pancreatic hypersecretion in liver disease. 61 31

Endocine and exocrine pancreatic function were investigated in 10 patients after pancreatic trauma or traumatic pancreatitis. There were no cases of overt diabetes mellitus. Three patients had subclinical diabetes. In the secretin-pancreozymin test 5 patients had normal exocrine pancreatic function after trauma, whereas in 3 patients bicarbonate and/or enzyme secretion was diminished, to normalize during an observation time of several years. In the remaining 2 patients a secretin-pancreozymin test could not be performed; one of them had slight steatorrhoea. These results are evidence of a good reserve capacity of the endocrine pancreas, and a good regeneration capacity of the exocrine pancreas, after trauma.
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PMID:[Pancreatic function after injury to the pancreas and traumatic pancreatitis]. 62 37

Secretory flow rates were measured inside the main pancreatic duct during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with acute relapsing pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer and in controls after intravenous administration of secretin. Peak secretory flow rates in these groups were 5.04 +/- 1.74, 0.71 +/-1.28, 0.60 +/- 1.37, and 4.13 +/- 0.88 ml/min, respectively. Peak secretory pressures were also measured intraductally in patients with acute relapsing pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer and in controls and were 402 +/- 69, 75 +/- 161, and 403 +/- 99 mm pancreatic juice, respectively. Peak secretory flow rates and pressures measured in controls during constant administration of secretin were similar to those measured when secretin was administered as a bolus.
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PMID:Endoscopic measurement of pancreatic juice secretory flow rates and pancreatic secretory pressures after secretin administration in human controls and in patients with acute relapsing pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer. 70 39

On the assumption that a rise in the pancreatic type isoamylases may not necessarily indicate underlying pancreatitis, genetic studies of human serum and urinary amylase isoenzymes have been performed with the use of electrophoresis. Although the preponderant increase in the two principal pancreatic isoamylases Amylase-1 and 2 has been accepted to be a specific index of pancreatic involvement, 1.68% of normal persons had Amylase-2 with an elevated amylase activity (named "Dominant Amylase-2") up to the same levels as the major isoenzymes. Results of pancreozymin-secretin test and other laboratory findings of these persons with Dominant Amylase-2 were all within normal ranges. Pedigree studies confirmed an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance for this variant. The important of serial determination and pedigree investigations has been shown to distinguish normal persons having Dominant Amylase-2 from patients with pancreatitis without elevated amylase activity. The existence of an inherited trait of pancreatitis-like isoamylase pattern in healthy individuals must be born in mind before coming to a conclusion when amylase isoenzymes are used for clinical medicine, though preponderance of the pancreatic type isoenzymes in serum and urine has been revealed to be a characteristic finding in pancreatitis. Knowledge of amylase genetic polymorphism provides a scientific basis for amylase isoenzyme interpretation.
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PMID:Pancreatitis-like isoamylase pattern in normal persons. 70 65

Studies have been performed on pure pancreatic juice obtained by direct cannulation of the pancreatic duct in 2 patients with acute pancreatitis. The striking abnormalities observed, which were in marked contrast to our observations in 15 normal subjects, were high concentrations of protein throughout the period of secretin stimulation and the sporadic appearance of free proteolytic activity in many 1-min specimens throughout the collection period. In 1 subject repeat studies were performed after resolution of the pancreatitis when the profile observed was normal. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that obstruction of ductules and intraductal activation of zymogens may be important in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:Profiles of pure pancreatic secretions in patients with acute pancreatitis: the possible role of proteolytic enzymes in pathogenesis. 71 Aug 62

The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) and secretin-CCK test for the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. The bicarbonate output after the secretin stimulation was low in 26 out of 30 patients (87%) with pancreatitis, whereas ERP revealed an abnormal duct in 21 (70%) of these patients. In all 7 patients with pancreatic carcinoma, ERP showed major abnormalities, whereas the bicarbonate output was reduced only in four of them. Thus, the secretin test appears to be at least as efficient as the ERP in disclosing pancreatitis. On the other hand, ERP seems to be a more reliable method for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma.
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PMID:A comparative evaluation of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography and secretin-CCK test in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. 72 98

Experimental haemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced in 12 piglets by infusing Nataurocholate trypsin into the pancreatic duct with simultaneous intravenous secretin stimulation. Within some minutes after the infusion all animals developed severe pancreatitis accompanied by the production of bloody ascites. Unless given specific treatment the pigs died within 24 h. Of the animals treated with xylocaine infusion (50 microgram/kg/min for 24 h) one died within 24 h, one during the second day, and four lived for over a week, at which time they were killed. Although xylocaine treatment signficantly improved the survival of the animals, it did not seem to influence the local damage of the pancreatic tissue. Xylocaine has been shown to inhibit phospholipase-A in vitro. It is possible that xylocaine also acts in vivo by inhibiting phospholipase-A, thus preventing lethal tissue damages at an early stage of pancreatitis.
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PMID:Xylocaine treatment in experimental pancreatitis in pigs. 72 7

A comparison has been made between a modified Lundh test and the secretin-CCK test. Thirty-four patients with pancreatic disease (chronic pancreatitis, n = 25; recurrent pancreatitis, n = 5; and pancreatic carcinoma, n = 4) and 20 patients with other gastrointestinal disorders were studied. The results showed that estimation of trypsin secretion, irrespective of the mode of stimulation, had a low sensitivity in detecting pancreatic disease. Estimation of bicarbonate secretion after secretin stimulation provided a more sensitive test, especially for disclosing chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:The secretin-CCK test and a modified Lundh test. A comparative study. 72 16

The prevalence of diabetes due to chronic pancreatitis would appear to be increasing. In western countries this is associated with the known increase in alcohol consumption and AIP. Malnutrition may be etiologic in tropical areas. The incidence of diabetes in chronic pancreatitis is dependent on a number of factors. It is more common in alcohol-induced pancreatitis, rarely occurs after the first attack but tends to increase with time and rises markedly in calcific pancreatitis. Abnormal glucose tolerance occurred in 91% of patients with calcific pancreatitis and 70% of patients with noncalific AIP in our follow up of five to 12 years. This stresses the importance of serial regular glucose tolerance tests in these patients (Table I). The insulin-reserve is severely depleted in most patients who do not yet demonstrate abnormal glucose tolerance, indicating that pancreatitis regularly affects the islets and that nearly all patients are potential diabetics. The beta cells appear to respond better to oral glucose, glucagon or secretin than to i.v. glucose suggesting a selective glucose receptor loss or block to hyperglycemia in chronic pancreatitis. The alpha cells seem to be more resistant to the effects of chronic pancreatitis but true hypoglucagonemia was found in 16% of patients. In addition, stimulated growth hormone secretion may be deficient in pancreatic diabetes. These last two factors, among others, may be responsible for the protracted and even fatal hypoglycemia to which some patients with AIP on insulin therapy are liable. The danger of drug-induced hypoglycemia, coupled with the infrequency of vasculopathy, retinopathy and nephropathy in pancreatic diabetes has induced us to keep these patients hyperglycemic and glycosuric rather than in a sugar-free state, as long as symptoms are contained. Recurrent abdominal pain, marked weight loss and associated steatorrhea often raise special problems in the management of the pancreatic diabetic.
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PMID:Clinical and hormonal aspects of pancreatic diabetes. 80 21


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