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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Observer variation in the interpretation of endoscopic pancreatograms has been examined by asking four experienced observers to assess 40 sets of well-documented radiographs (from 20 patients with cancer and 20 with pancreatitis), both without ("blind") and with clinical details, each on three occasions. Individual consistency for "blind" diagnoses ranged from 61% to 78%, increasing significantly with clinical information. Overall diagnostic accuracy with clinical information varied from 52% to 83% for cancer, and from 87% to 95% for pancreatitis. However, unanimous and correct opinions were given by the four observers for only 53% of all cases, even when clinical details were provided. Clinical information changed the radiographic diagnosis in 43% of assessments, 83% of these changes leading to improved accuracy. ERCP gives direct information about the major pancreatic and biliary duct systems and often provides an accurate diagnosis. Caution must be exercised in relying upon radiological appearances alone.
Br J Radiol 1978 Dec
PMID:Is pancreatogram interpretation reliable?--a study of observer variation and error. 73 8

The authors studied 939 patients with acute pancreatitis; 144 of them were operated upon. Total postoperative mortality was 18%; of them 1.05% mortality was due to a mild form and 51.0% mortality occurred in pancreonecrosis and purulent pancreatitis. In extensive necrosis and abscess formation the drainage of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space is recommended. The authors believe that omentopancreatopexy should be applied in oedematous and hemorrhagic forms of pancreatitis and in focal necrosis, as well.
Vestn Khir Im I I Grek 1978 Dec
PMID:[Surgical treatment of acute pancreatitis]. 74 64

The authors consider the urgent surgery for acute cholecystitis complicated with pancreatitis and with marked bile and pancreatic hypertension to be indicated. In their opinion, the best method of eliminating the cause of duct hypertension in the bile and pancreatic duct system is the transduodenal dissection of the papilla followed with papillocholedochoplasty combined in some patients with plasty of the Wirsung's duct. A separate drainage of the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct according to the Doubilet's method was used. Cholecystectomy was carried out upon all the patients. On patient died of progressive pancreonecrosis.
Vestn Khir Im I I Grek 1978 Dec
PMID:[Transduodenal transpapillar operations in acute cholecystitis complicated by pancreatitis]. 74 66

A critical "blind" evaluation of 129 randomly selected angiographic examinations was carried out including 37 control patients, 58 patients affected by proven chronic relapsing pancreatitis and 34 patients with cancer of the pancreas. In 48.5% of the control patients a completely normal angiographic picture was found. The false positives were found in 10.8% of chronic pancreatitis and in pancreatic carcinoma in 5.5% of the cases. Equivocal signs were found in 35.2%. The percentage of the false negative results in chronic pancreatitis was 34.4% (of which 8.6% were suggestive of pancreatic cancer). In pancreatic cancer positive results were seen in 70.6% of the cases. The percentage of the false negatives was 26.5% (suggestive of chronic pancreatitis); equivocal signs were found in 2.9% of these patients. Notwithstanding the not-negligible percentage of errors, angiography can be usefully employed in diagnosis of pancreatic disorders.
Am J Gastroenterol 1978 Dec
PMID:Angiography in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. A critical evaluation. 74 14

Five cases of pregnancy complicated by pancreatitis are discussed. In three of the five cases there was, at the time of the pregnancy, some pathology which might have been responsable for the acute pancreatitis. Three patients were operated on. The phisiopathology and the ethiopathology of this condition are commented, as well as the principal clinical and laboratorial findings. The complications are discussed. The medical treatment represents the best management in these cases. Surgery, ideally, should only be undertaken when the pregnancy is over.
Ginecol Obstet Mex 1978 Dec
PMID:[Pancreatitis and pregnancy]. 74 90

Pancreatic and salivary amylase/creatinine clearance ratios in patients with various degrees of renal impairment were compared with those obtained for control subjects. In chronic renal insufficiency (mean GFR 30 ml/min +/- 15 SD; n = 13) the clearance ratios for pancreatic (mean 3.5 +/- 1.85 SD) and salivary (mean 2.3 +/- 1.3 SD) amylase were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than those in controls. Corresponding control values (n = 26) were 2.64 +/- 0.86 (pancreatic) and 1.64 +/- 0.95 (salivary). Three patients showed values above the normal limit. In the diabetic group (mean GFR 41 ml/min +/- 22 SD; n = 10) salivary amylase/creatinine clearance ratios (mean 2.36 +/- 1.55 SD) were significantly higher than in controls (P less than 0.05). Three patients showed raised values. Pancreatic amylase clearance was raised in only one of these patients. Three patients with terminal disease (mean GFR 10 ml/min) showed markedly raised (two- to threefold) clearance ratios for both salivary and pancreatic amylase. Of a total of 26 patients, eight had increased total amylase/creatinine clearance ratios. Pancreatic amylase/creatinine clearance was increased in seven patients, while nine patients showed raised salivary amylase/creatinine ratios. Patients with raised clearance ratios did not have clinical evidence of pancreatitis. We suggest that, in the presence of impaired renal function, a high amylase/creatinine clearance ratio need not be indicative of pancreatic disease.
Gut 1978 Dec
PMID:Renal clearance of pancreatic and salivary amylase relative to creatinine in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. 74 98

In the rat, pancreatic clamping producing warm ischaemic times ranging from 5 to 90 min gives rise to changes similar to those of an haemorrhagic pancreatitis. The severity of the changes is proportional to the time of ischaemia. After 1 to 1 1/2 h clamping 95 per cent of the glandular changes are reversible, and at 2 months the pancreas appears normal apart from localized areas of fibrosis. The islets of Langerhans remain morphologically normal even after 90 min ischaemia. The implications for islet cell transplantation are discussed.
Br J Exp Pathol 1975 Dec
PMID:Pancreatic ischaemia; sensitivity and reversibility of the changes. 76 18

The case of a recipient of a kidney transplant who developed pancreatitis, complicated by pancreatic pseudocyst subsequently infected by Candidi from an infected parenteral alimentation line, is reported. The case was further complicated by rupture of the cyst leading to Candida peritonitis and development of multiple fistulous tracts between the stomach, ileum, and colon. Despite the 50% mortality of acute pancreatitis in patients with transplants and the 50% mortality reported in Candida peritonitis, the patient was successfully treated by cystogastrostomy, peritoneal lavage, and amphotericin B in association with administration of mannitol and reduction of immunosuppression to a minimal level. After eight weeks of total parenteral alimentation, the fistulous tracts spontaneously closed and the patient was discharged with normal renal function.
South Med J 1976 Dec
PMID:Acute pancreatitis, pancreatic pseudocyst, and Candida peritonitis in recipient of a kidney transplant. 79 99

Obstruction of the common bile duct can now be relieved by endoscopic electrosurgery. This report describes our experience with 267 patients. In 192 of 222 patients with choledocholithiasis all calculi were evacuated by endoscopic papillotomy (EP). The remaining patients had EP because of papillary stenosis. Complications of EP included nine instances of pancreatitis, seven of bleeding, and two perforations. In 2 of 32 patients having EP for papillary stenosis, restenosis has appeared on follow-up. The two fatalities were attributable to purulent cholangitis and acute bleeding. This required to manage these situations. The endoscopic method requires less hospitalization and recuperation. EP and stone extraction are the methods of choice for managing common duct obstruction in high risk patients before cholecystectomy, for retained or reformed stones after cholecystectomy, and for papillary stenosis.
Gastroenterology 1977 Dec
PMID:Endoscopic papillotomy. 91 80

Six cases of pancreatitis following spinal cord injury are presented. No single, etiologically accepted mechanism already postulated to cause pancreatitis can account for all the cases reported. The authors hypothesize that spinal cord disruption may produce pacreatitis by sympathetic-parasympathetic nervous system imbalance resulting in over-stimulation of the sphincter of Oddi. This may lead to stasis of secretions with absorption of amylase into the systemic circulation, and structural pancreatic damage. Pancreatitis in those with cord injuries is easily overlooked because abdominal pain is usually absent and fever is usually attributed to more frequently occurring pulmonary or urinary tract infections. Recognition of this complication is important in order to decrease the morbidity and mortality that follows spinal cord damage.
J Neurosurg 1977 Dec
PMID:Pancreatitis following spinal cord injury. 92 46


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