Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and chronic pancreatitis are characterized by a dense collagen-rich desmoplastic reaction. Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by collagens that can regulate cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. To address the role of DDR1 in PDA, Ddr1-null (Ddr-/-) mice were crossed with the KrasG12D/+; Trp53R172H/+; Ptf1aCre/+ (KPC) model of metastatic PDA. Ddr1-/-; KPC mice progress to differentiated PDA but resist progression to poorly differentiated cancer compared with KPC control mice. Strikingly, severe pancreatic atrophy accompanied tumor progression in Ddr1-/-; KPC mice. To further explore the effects of Ddr1 ablation, Ddr1-/- mice were crossed with the KrasG12D/+; Ptf1aCre/+ neoplasia model and subjected to cerulein-induced experimental pancreatitis. Similar to KPC mice, tissue atrophy was a hallmark of both neoplasia and pancreatitis models in the absence of Ddr1. Compared with controls, Ddr1-/- models had increased acinar cell dropout and reduced proliferation with no difference in apoptotic cell death between control and Ddr1-/- animals. In most models, organ atrophy was accompanied by increased fibrillar collagen deposition, suggesting a compensatory response in the absence of this collagen receptor. Overall, these data suggest that DDR1 regulates tissue homeostasis in the neoplastic and injured pancreas.
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PMID:Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 (DDR1) Is Necessary for Tissue Homeostasis in Pancreatic Injury and Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. 3245 Jan 51

The biopsy-based diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is difficult but is becoming imperative for pathologists due to the increased amount of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy tissue. To cope with this challenge, we propose guidance for the biopsy diagnosis of type 1 AIP. This guidance is for pathologists and comprises three main parts. The first part includes basic issues on tissue acquisition, staining, and final diagnosis, and is intended for gastroenterologists as well. The second part is a practical guide for diagnosing type 1 AIP based on the AIP clinical diagnostic criteria 2018. Inconsistent histological findings, tips for evaluating IgG4 immunostaining and key histological features including the ductal lesion and others are explained. Storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis are diagnostic hallmarks but are sometimes equivocal. Storiform fibrosis is defined as spindle-shaped cells, inflammatory cells and fine collagen fibers forming a flowing arrangement. Obliterative phlebitis is defined as fibrous venous obliteration with inflammatory cells. Examples of each are provided. The third part describes the differentiation of AIP from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), focusing on histological features of acinar-ductal metaplasia in AIP, which is an important mimicker of PDAC. This guidance will help standardize pathology reports of pancreatic biopsies for diagnosing type 1 AIP.
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PMID:Guidance for diagnosing autoimmune pancreatitis with biopsy tissues. 3276 50


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