Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aims of the study were to measure the collagen content in pancreas using a colorimetric method and to compare the amount of collagen in normal pancreas (11 cases), diffuse fibrosing pancreatitis (17 cases), and chronic calcifying pancreatitis (11 cases). The procedure of fibrosis measurement was based on the selective capacity of two dyes, Sirius red and fast green, to set on collagen and noncollagenous proteins, respectively. After staining of sections, colors were eluted from the sections and the specific absorbance of each eluted dye was read on a spectrophotometer. The collagen content in normal pancreata was 26.5 +/- 7.2 micrograms collagen/mg protein. The amount of collagen increased with the age of patients: the mean value of the patients under the age of 50 was 18.2 +/- 4 micrograms collagen/mg protein whereas the mean value in older patients was 31.9 +/- 8 micrograms collagen/mg protein (p less than 0.01). The value of collagen in pancreas with a diffuse fibrosing pancreatitis was 44.7 +/- 7.5 micrograms collagen/mg protein. This value was significantly different from the collagen content in normal pancreas (p less than 0.001) and in pancreas with a chronic calcifying pancreatitis (77.9 +/- 8 micrograms collagen/mg protein, p less than 0.001). This method permits discrimination between different chronic diseases that can also be differentiated on a histopathologic basis.
 ...
PMID:Quantitative estimation of the collagen content in normal and pathologic pancreas tissue. 259 83

The regeneration of the rat exocrine pancreas from a hormone-induced pancreatitis was investigated. In a previous study it was shown that the [3H]thymidine labeling index of interstitial cells increases 20- to 30-fold on day 1.5 after the induction of pancreatitis. Here we show by electron microscopic autoradiography that 80% of the labeled interstitial cells are fibroblasts. Their replication, fine structure, and collagen biosynthesis was further investigated: By day 2.5 numerous mitotic figures were found, indicating an enhanced proliferative activity of fibroblasts at the early stage of pancreatic regeneration. The ultrastructural analysis revealed that many fibroblasts contain abundant cytoplasm with a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, prominent Golgi complexes, and secretory granules filled with fibrillar material. In contrast, the pancreatic fibroblasts of saline-infused control animals were shown to be spindle-shaped and to contain only very little cytoplasmic organelles. The collagen biosynthesis was quantified by in vivo labeling with [3H]proline and quantification of [3H]hydroxyproline in pancreatic protein hydrolysates. The collagen biosynthesis of experimental pancreata was measured to be 15 times that of controls on days 1.5 and 2.5 after the induction of pancreatitis and to remain fourfold elevated on days 3.5 through 10.5. In pulse-chase experiments using [3H]proline as the labeled precursor for collagen, the newly synthesized collagen was shown to be degraded with a half-life of 35 h. We conclude that replication of pancreatic fibroblasts and collagen biosynthesis as well as collagen degradation play important roles in the early phase of pancreatic regeneration.
 ...
PMID:Fibroblast structure and function during regeneration from hormone-induced acute pancreatitis in the rat. 275 41

Evidence suggests that changes in prostaglandins and disseminated intravascular coagulation accompany pancreatitis. Both may induce changes in platelet function. We wished to determine if experimentally induced pancreatitis in the dog was associated with altered platelet number and function, and whether there were concomitant changes in prostaglandins. Evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulation in the dogs with pancreatitis were red blood cell fragmentation, increased platelet turnover indicated by macro-platelets and the transient presence of fibrin degradation products in urine. There were no significant changes in platelet count. The platelets from dogs with pancreatitis showed a functional defect characterized by significantly decreased aggregation in response to adenosine diphosphate, arachidonic acid, and collagen. Release of adenosine triphosphate from platelets was reduced in collagen-stimulated aggregation. There were no changes in the plasma concentrations of thromboxane B2, 6-Keto-PGF1a, and PGE2. This defect may have been due to the generation of fibrin degradation products and platelet "exhaustion".
 ...
PMID:Platelet function in experimentally induced pancreatitis in the dog. 308 2

The proliferation of pancreatic extracellular matrix, which characterizes chronic pancreatitis, has been analysed using immunohistochemistry. The relationship of matrix components to intraductal precipitates and the presence of serum proteins in precipitates were also studied to investigate the suggestion that ductal permeability increases in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic tissue from organ donors was compared with that from patients with chronic calcifying or chronic obstructive pancreatitis. Frozen sections were labeled with monospecific antibodies to collagen types I, III, pro-III and IV, laminin, fibronectin, IgG, IgA, and IgM and then visualized by indirect immunofluorescence. In chronic pancreatitis, interstitial collagens and fibronectin appeared increased and disorganized in both fibrous tissue and areas that appeared histologically normal. Type IV collagen distribution was abnormal and in some sites was present with interstitial collagen. In addition, intraductal precipitates were shown to contain immunoglobulins, and defects were identified in the duct basal lamina associated with precipitates. These results demonstrate that in chronic pancreatitis interstitial collagens are extensively disorganized, the fibrosis possibly being relatively labile. The presence of serum proteins in intraductal precipitates confirms an increase in ductal permeability, and associated defects in the basal lamina appear to define a route via which serum proteins may enter the intraluminal compartment.
 ...
PMID:Pancreatic extracellular matrix alterations in chronic pancreatitis. 357 15

Highly purified antibodies to two ubiquitous components of basement membrane, type IV collagen and laminin, were applied to both fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed tissue sections of a variety of invasive carcinomas, carcinomas in situ, and their "look-alike" benign counterparts. These included lesions of the breast (infiltrating ductal carcinoma, comedocarcinoma, and sclerosing adenosis); lesions of the skin (squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen's disease, and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia); lesions of the pancreas (adenocarcinoma and pancreatitis); lesions of the prostate (adenocarcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia); and other epithelial lesions of the invasive, in situ, and benign category. By both immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques, benign and in situ lesions showed intact basement membranes with linear staining of type IV collagen and laminin. The majority of invasive carcinomas, in contrast, lacked immunoreactivity for both of these basement membrane components. In cases of in situ carcinoma with microinvasion, there was thinning, fragmentation, and disruption of the basement membrane in the foci of microinvasion but not elsewhere. Utilizing antibodies to type IV collagen and laminin aids in both understanding the pathophysiology of the invasive process and the recognition of its presence in tissue sections.
 ...
PMID:Loss of basement membrane components by invasive tumors but not by their benign counterparts. 634 6

A new inherited neuromuscular disease was identified in 4 patients (1 male, 3 females), offspring of consanguineous marriages, belonging to the same kindred. The proband was a 24-year-old female with history of ptosis and ophthalmoplegia since childhood and progressive intestinal pseudo-obstruction for the last 4 years of her life. A sural nerve biopsy showed axonal and demyelinating neuropathy. Muscle biopsies of pectoral and gastrocnemius revealed myopathic alterations with marked variation in muscle fiber size, atrophy of both fiber types and normal mitochondria. An upper gastrointestinal study showed barium in the stomach after 8 h and jejunal diverticula. Tests for absorption of fat, protein, carbohydrate, folic acid and vitamin B12 were normal. Serum levels of vitamin A and lipoproteins were also normal. The patient underwent partial gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy. Postoperatively, she developed severe pancreatitis, sepsis, peritonitis and expired. Tissue samples from the proband and from her brother, revealed normal mucosa, but degeneration of smooth muscle of the stomach and small intestine. The myenteric plexus and vagus nerves were normal. The biochemical studies of contractile proteins (myosin, actin, tropomyosin) in the fresh and cultured smooth muscle cells of the proband obtained at the time of gastrectomy showed a 50-75% decrease in the synthesis of different contractile proteins. Turnover of contractile proteins and synthesis and turnover of collagen showed normal values. The reduction in synthesis of contractile proteins may account for the weak peristalsis and be a factor in the pathogenesis of the intestinal pseudo-obstruction.
 ...
PMID:Inherited ophthalmoplegia with intestinal pseudo-obstruction. 668 98

Adverse reactions to L-asparaginase in children undergoing induction therapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia have previously been described and have been noted to include hypersensitivity reactions, pancreatitis, hepatic dysfunction, nephrotoxicity, and central nervous system dysfunction. Recently, however, newly described abnormalities in hematological and hemostatic function have resulted in intracranial hemorrhage and thrombosis of the extremities, immune hemolytic anemia and abnormal collagen stimulated platelet aggregation. The coagulopathy appears to be a result of a combination of events related to decreased synthesis of fibrinogen, antithrombin III and plasminogen. Implications for future modifications of L-asparaginase therapy are further discussed.
 ...
PMID:Adverse reactions of L-asparaginase. 695 44

Clinical research into patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis points to a possible immunopathogenetic process in a number of cases. In order to examine the behaviour between the exocrine pancreas under the influence of anti-rat-pancreas immune serum produced in rabbits, a 1.00 ml immune serum is administered once a week over a maximum 26 week period into Wistar-rats by intraperitoneal injection. By electrone-microscopy a much reduced production of enzymes apparently takes place, though to differing extent. There is also destruction of the basal membrane of acinocytes: the production of interstitial oedema, the new formation of collagen fibres and the proliferation of connective tissue cells. Under a conventional light microscope the first changes become noticeable after 8-12 weeks of study. These take the form of localised cell decay, deterioration and lysis of acinocytes; and an increasing non-specific inflammation. There is also the new formation of connective tissue. After 20-26 weeks the exocrine pancreas is characterised by reduction of parenchyma, acino-ductal metaplasia, chronic inflammatory infiltrates of differing density, fibrous and irregular calibres of the smaller and larger ducts. The findings are almost identical to the structural changes of chronic idiopathic pancreatitis in human beings. The results support the view of an immuno-pathologic aetiology for human chronic idiopathic pancreatitis.
 ...
PMID:Serum-induced chronic pancreatitis. 722 72

Eosinophilia is frequently associated with allergic rhinitis, asthma, drug reactions, parasitic infections, malignant neoplasms, collagen vascular diseases, skin diseases, and pulmonary infiltrates. It has been infrequently described in conjunction with pancreatic diseases and not before, to my knowledge, with pseudocyst formation. A patient with alcohol-related pancreatitis manifested a transient eosinophilia during development of a massive pancreatic pseudocyst. Although he was atopic, with a greatly elevated serum IgE level, there was no recent contact with the specific allergen to which he was sensitized. This constellation of alcohol-related pancreatitis with pseudocyst formation, atopy with elevated serum IgE level, and transient eosinophilia is an interesting coincidence.
 ...
PMID:Transient eosinophilia associated with pancreatitis and pseudocyst formation. 739 17

The events that characterise recovery from severe biliary pancreatitis have not been defined. This study used a reversible model of necrotising pancreatitis, induced by obstructing the opossum common bile pancreatic duct (CBPD), to evaluate this phenomenon. The CBPD of opossums was obstructed with a balloon tipped catheter for five days and then decompressed by removal of the catheter. Recovery was evaluated 0-90 days after relief of obstruction. Serum bilirubin and amylase values rapidly declined, reaching control values 7-14 days after removal of the obstructing catheter. Pancreatic protein and amylase values were transiently increased shortly after relief of obstruction but returned to control values 21 days after decompression. Pancreatic ornithine decarboxylase activity and incorporation of [3H]-thymidine into DNA were transiently increased 14 days after duct decompression suggesting that regeneration occurs at approximately that time. Foci of pancreatic necrosis involved roughly 40% of the gland at time of decompression but these foci gradually disappeared and the gland resembled that of control animals 60 days after decompression. Evidence of fibrosis or collagen deposition in the pancreas was not noted at any time. These studies show that recovery after necrotising biliary pancreatitis occurs comparatively rapidly and the restitution ad integrum occurs. Recovery from necrotising acute pancreatitis in this model is not associated with the development of chronic pancreatitis.
 ...
PMID:Biochemical and morphological changes that characterise recovery from necrotising biliary pancreatitis in the opossum. 759 Apr 43


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>