Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pure amylase was isolated from pancreata and parotid glands of the baboon, an animal which has a serum amylase level and renal clearance of amylase (C(Am)) similar to man. After bolus injection, both pancreatic and salivary amylase rapidly disappeared from the serum in a monoexponential fashion with a mean serum half-time of approximately 83 min. Only about 24% of the amylase cleared from the serum appeared in the urine indicating that the majority of amylase was removed from the serum by an extraurinary mechanism. The C(Am) by the kidney was constant over a wide range of serum amylase levels and the ratio of C(Am)/C(In), which averaged 3.0%, was not influenced by mannitol diuresis. This suggests that the renal excretion of amylase results from glomerular filtration without appreciable tubular reabsorption. Pancreatic amylase was consistently cleared more rapidly by the kidney than was the baboon's endogenous amylase while salivary amylase was consistently cleared less rapidly than endogenous amylase. THE FINDINGS IN THIS STUDY PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO SEVERAL OF THE FOLLOWING CLINICALLY OBSERVED PHENOMENA: (a) the short serum half-time of amylase accounts for the transient nature of serum amylase elevations in pancreatitis; (b) the extra-urinary removal of amylase accounts for the maintenance of relatively normal amylase levels in uremia; and (c) the more rapid renal clearance of pancreatic amylase compared to salivary amylase may explain the disproportionate elevation of the urinary amylase excretion rate relative to the serum amylase level in acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:Distribution, turnover, and mechanism of renal excretion of amylase in the baboon. 554 73

ALTHOUGH THE PATHOGENESIS OF AUTOIMMUNE PANCREATITIS REMAINS UNCLEAR, THIS REPORT PRESENTS RECENT EVIDENCE OF THE CLINICAL ASPECTS OF THIS DISEASE: mild abdominal symptoms, usually without acute attacks of pancreatitis; occasional presence of obstructive jaundice; elevated levels of serum gammaglobulin, immunoglobulin (Ig)G, or IgG4; presence of autoantibodies; diffuse enlargement of the pancreas; irregular narrowing of the pancreatic duct (sclerosing pancreatitis), often with intrapancreatic biliary stenosis or coexisting biliary lesions (sclerosing cholangitis similar to primary sclerosing cholangitis) seen on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; fibrotic changes with lymphocyte and IgG4-positive plasmacyte infiltration and obliterative phlebitis; occasional association with other systemic lesions (such as sialadenitis), retroperitoneal fibrosis, and interstitial renal tubular disorders; and response to steroid therapy. Based upon these findings, several sets of diagnostic criteria have been proposed. Further studies and international consensus for diagnostic criteria and pathogenetic mechanisms are needed.
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PMID:Recent advances in autoimmune pancreatitis. 2190 18