Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The exocrine and endocrine pancreas was investigated according to the fluorescence histochemical method of Flack and Hillarp. 1) Green fluorescent adrenergic fibers were regularly seen associated with arteries and arterioles in the exocrine pancreas. 2) Cholinergic fibers as shown by cholinesterase activity, were also found in the parenchyma of pancreas. 3) Yellow fluorescent cells scattered in the exocrine parenchyma and localized to a population of pancreatic islet cells with a characteristic distribution at the islet periphery was found. 4) By the fluorescence microscopic observation, inter-or intralobular pancreatic ducts, involving the zymogen granules, can also be seen after treatment with HCL vapor. 5) Yellow fluorescent cells, beta-cells containing insulin, remained at the Islet periphery. At present, the above mentioned yellow fluorescent cells are identified as containing HPP (Human pancreatic polypeptide) according to the immunofluorescence technique. With the use of the Falck and Hillarp histochemical technique ethionine induced pancreatitis in cats has been investigated. 1) After seven days of ethionine (5 mg/kg BW oral ad.) treatment, pancreas showed histochemical changes such as hemorrhage, fat necrosis, destruction of acinar cells and degranulation of zymogen from the parenchyma of pancreas. 2) Oral administration of ethionine for ten days induced severe degranulation, rupture of vessels, especially of veins and venules and later influenced arteries or arterioles. 3) Necrosis and fibrosis began to appear in the spaces between the cellular debris and marked pancreatic atrophy could be found. 4) The destruction of Islets of Langerhans can be found in the ethionine induced pancreatic parenchyma. On the other hand, an increased number of Islets of Langerhans was also observed in the site of lobule. 5) The presented findings may also suggest that the duration of administration of ethionine is more important factor than graded doses of ethionine in the production of ethionine is more important factor than graded doses of ethionine in the production of ethionine induced pancreatitis in cats.
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PMID:Fluorescence histochemical study of the pancreas in the cat. 79 42

It has been suggested that oxygen-derived free radicals play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of acute experimental pancreatitis in a model of edematous pancreatitis. Accordingly, allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, was shown to mitigate the development of nonfatal acute pancreatitis in ex vivo perfusion models using dogs. For further evaluation of allopurinol, its effect was studied in two forms of fatal necrotizing acute experimental pancreatitis: sodium taurocholate-induced pancreatitis in rats and choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented diet-induced pancreatitis in mice. Allopurinol did not affect the mortality rate, pancreatic enzyme elevation in serum and ascites, the enzyme content of the pancreas, or any parameter indicating histopathological damage in the pancreas. Although these experiments did not determine the role oxygen-derived free radicals play in the development of pancreatitis, they show, none the less, the absence of any beneficial therapeutic effect of a xanthine oxidase like allopurinol on the development of the disease once it has begun.
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PMID:Xanthine oxidase inhibitor in acute experimental pancreatitis in rats and mice. 276 73

Pretreatment with allopurinol partly prevented generation of free oxygen radicals in the pancreas of dogs with experimental acute pancreatitis. Allopurinol holds promise for the prevention of acute postoperative pancreatitis.
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PMID:Antiradical effect of allopurinol at early stages of experimental acute pancreatitis. 1736 95

Allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome is a severe adverse reaction characterized by rash, fever, and internal organ involvement. We report a case of fatal allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with acute pancreatitis.A 46-year-old man was treated by allopurinol for asymptomatic hyperuricemia. The patient developed a diffuse erythrodermic maculopapular eruption and fever. Laboratory analysis revealed cytolysis and cholestasis, amylases and lipases were highly elevated. Computed tomography scans revealed pancreatitis Grade C. The treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia should only be initiated when there is a clear indication to reduce the incidence and the severe consequences of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome.
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PMID:Fatal allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with pancreatic abnormalities. 2051 77

Post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis is a frequent complication either for diagnosis or treatment of pancreatobiliary diseases. A number of pharmacological agents have been tried for prevention or alleviation of the complication. Allopurinol with free radical scavenger property has been considered as an effective prophylactic agent in some clinical trials. Administration of allopurinol in these trials was done in a long period before doing ERCP. Hence allopurinol converts to oxupurinol in the liver rapidly; it seems that clinical judgment about the net effect of allopurinol on prevention of post ERCP pancreatitis is doubtful. In this randomized double blind clinical trial, effect of allopurinol on prevention or alleviation of clinical and laboratory signs of pancreatitis has been evaluated in 74 patients undergoing ERCP. Results showed that there is not any difference between allopurinol and placebo in occurrence and severity of post ERCP pancreatitis (P=0.97). Also there is not any significant difference in amylase rises between 2 groups in 8 and 16 hours after ERCP (P=0.947, 0.287 respectively). Beneficial effects of allopurinol in some of the previous studies may be attributed to its active metabolite (oxypurinol). Further studies recommended about the net effect of allopurinol and oxypurinol in the complication.
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PMID:Does allopurinol prevent post endoscopic retrograde cholangio- pancreatography pancreatitis? A randomized double blind trial. 2205 40