Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors examined the effect of long acting somatostatin analogue (Sandostatin, Sandoz) on acute experimental pancreatitis and on the subsequent regeneration. Acute injury to the pancreas was produced by an intraductal intervention (ligature of the bile duct and intraductal injection of taurocholic acid) and by a metabolic route (supramaximal dose of caerulein by repeated subcutaneous injections). The effect of the drug on the acute injury was examined at 6 and 24 hours following the intervention and the effect on regeneration was examined on day 3 and 5 in all cases by determination of plasma enzyme levels and examination of the pancreatic tissue. Long acting somatostatin analogue did not prove to be effective in the serious acute pancreatitis produced by the intraductal intervention. However, in the acute phase of the caerulein induced pancreatitis, it had a beneficial effect as seen by it's ability to moderate the serum enzyme levels. During the examination of pancreatic regeneration was found that in caerulein induced pancreatitis the weight of the pancreas decreases due to atrophy and that this was not affected by long acting somatostatin analogue. As a matter of fact, the somatostatin counteracted the caerulein induced DNA increase, and therefore acted against the reactive hyperplasia. Therefore, the favorable effect of long acting somatostatin analogue is witnessed only in the caerulein induced acute injury but it does not accelerate the rate of pancreatic regeneration following injury. Due to this fact, protracted administration of this agent can not be rationalized.
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PMID:[Effect of somatostatin analogue on experimental pancreatic lesions and their sequelae]. 186 57

Between October 1987 and July 1990 a prospective, nonrandomized, preliminary study was carried out to assess the efficacy of Sandostatin in treating complex pancreatic and gastrointestinal disorders. The study group consisted of 18 women and 12 men, ranging in age from 23 to 80 years (mean 50 years), in whom conventional medical or surgical therapy, or both, had failed. Nineteen patients had pancreatic disease (5 had chronic pancreatitis, 8 acute necrotizing pancreatitis and 6 pancreatic fistula). Thirteen patients had disorders of the small intestine (7 had enterocutaneous fistula and 6 diarrhea-associated short-gut syndrome). Sandostatin was found to be effective in the closure of pancreatic (five of six cases) and enterocutaneous fistulas (five of seven cases), of benefit in controlling the pain associated with chronic pancreatitis (three of five cases) and of some use in achieving short-term control of intractable diarrhea in patients with short-gut syndrome (five of six cases). It was of particular benefit in the management of acute necrotizing pancreatitis. The standard principles of surgical management must be adhered to when using Sandostatin to treat patients with these disorders. Sandostatin can not correct underlying problems such as pancreatic-duct obstruction, malignant disease or unresolved sepsis. These preliminary results justify more widespread use of Sandostatin as part of a prospective randomized and controlled multicentre trial.
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PMID:Sandostatin in the management of nonendocrine gastrointestinal and pancreatic disorders: a preliminary study. 205 54

Natural Somatostatin has a short half-life (3 min), is only active after intravenous administration and causes a rebound hypersecretion of hormones after discontinuation of administration. Recently a long-acting powerful Somatostatin analog was developed (SMS 201-995; Sandostatin) which has a half-life of 113 min after subcutaneous administration. After administration of this analog no rebound hypersecretion of hormones was observed. In the present review the effects of the acute administration and of long-term treatment with SMS 201-995 in acromegalic patients is discussed. In addition the potential role of therapy with Somatostatin analogs and the preliminary effects of Somatostatin and/or SMS 201-995 are discussed in disorders of gastro-intestinal function (haemorrhages, diarrhoea, pancreatitis and endocrine pancreatic tumours), diabetes mellitus, central nervous system disturbances and oncology. Finally, several aspects of the tolerance, tachyphylaxis and side effects of SMS 201-995 are discussed.
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PMID:Non-pituitary actions of somatostatin. A review on the therapeutic role of SMS 201-995 (sandostatin). 287 90

Despite improving results, the management of exocrine complications after pancreas transplantation remains problematic. During a 30-month period, we performed 65 pancreas transplants with bladder drainage. A total of 23 patients (35%) were managed with a long-acting somatostatin analogue (Sandostatin) for persistent hyperamylasemia or allograft pancreatitis. Sandostatin was begun at a mean of 29 days after transplant with a mean duration of therapy of 13 days. Sandostatin therapy was associated with significant reductions in the serum, urine, and peritoneal fluid amylase levels (p < 0.05). Sandostatin also caused a decrease in cyclosporine levels during oral cyclosporine use. In patients receiving Sandostatin, pancreas allograft survival was 83%. We conclude that pancreatitis remains a major cause of morbidity after pancreas transplantation. The selective use of Sandostatin can result in excellent graft salvage with low morbidity. Sandostatin appears to be safe and effective in reducing the exocrine output of the denervated pancreas allograft but also reduces cyclosporine levels.
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PMID:Selective use of Sandostatin in vascularized pancreas transplantation. 750 9

Octreotide acetate (Sandostatin) has been reported to decrease pancreatic related morbidity after pancreatic resections. This study examined the use of octreotide after pancreatic trauma. The charts of all patients treated for pancreatic injuries from June 1988 to February 1992 were reviewed (n = 28). The mean age of the patients was 29 years (range 16 to 61). The mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accident in 7 patients, gunshot wounds in 14, and stab wounds in 7. The mean (+/- SD) abdominal trauma index (ATI) was 33 +/- 14 and injury severity score (ISS) was 22 +/- 12. Pancreatic injuries were graded as grade I (contusion) in 6 patients, grade II (parenchymal injury) in 18, and grade III (ductal injury) in 4. Seven patients (6 grade II and 1 grade III) were treated with prophylactic octreotide acetate, 150 micrograms to 300 micrograms per day, beginning on day 1. There were no pancreatic complications in this group. Of the remaining 21 patients, 6 (29%) developed 9 pancreatic complications: fluid collections in 3, fistula in 4, pseudocyst in 1, and pancreatitis in 1. Three patients had grade III, 1 had grade II, and 2 had grade I injuries. There were no differences in ATI, ISS, or grade of pancreatic injury between patients who were treated with octreotide and those who were not. No complications were associated with the use of octreotide. In conclusion, pancreatic complications occurred frequently (21%) following pancreatic trauma and resulted in significant morbidity. In this nonrandomized series of patients with equivalent ATI, ISS, and pancreatic grade injuries, the prophylactic use of octreotide was associated with no pancreatic complications and no negative sequelae.
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PMID:Octreotide acetate decreases pancreatic complications after pancreatic trauma. 794 92

The inflammatory pancreatic diseases are usually hardly governable; special problems are arosen with the treatment of pancreatic fluid collections. The focal pericystic pancreatitis, the reactive inflammation developing in the course of the injury of the gland as well as draining pancreatic duct filling the cyst up may result in pitfalls. Thus subcutaneous administration of Sandostatin was added to the usual therapeutic regimen in 12 patients. It was applied with external and internal drainage of pseudocysts in 10 patients and in one of them the complication was reduced in an unsuccessful attempt, respectively. The pseudocyst of one patient disappeared by sole somatostatin administration. One cystic formation did not respond to this kind of treatment thus a drainage procedure had to be performed. Based on our initial experiences we seem to find a rather promising tool that may influence the basic process beneficially and makes our instrumental interventions safer and more successful.
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PMID:[The use of a somatostatin analog (Sandostatin) in percutaneous drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts]. 836 49

From February 1995 to July 1996 pancreato-duodenal resection has been performed in 12 patients in RCS (7 men and 5 women, mean age 53.6 years). The operation was indicated in malignant tumors of the pancreatic head, big duodenal papilla, distal part of common bile tract (9 patients); benign diseases of pancreas (3 patients). Sandostatin (0.3 mg/day for 4-7 days) was used in all cases to prevent postoperative pancreatitis and pancreato-jejuno-anastomosis incompetence. The levels of alphfa-amylase, blood glucose, leucocytes were monitored, as well as the duration of pancreato-jejuno-anastomosis drainage use, rate and seriousness of postoperative complications and duration of in-patient treatment. The results were compared to a control group, consisting of 6 men and 6 women (mean age 53.8 years) with malignant tumours of big duodenal papilla, head of the pancreas, common bile tract. The use of Sandostatin has decreased the level of alphfa-amylase in the first postoperative day to 292.8 +/- 152.2 u/l vs. 594.9 +/- 368.79 in a control group (p > 0.05), duration of the drainage use: 6.1 +/- 1.5 days vs. 12.9 +/- 7.2 days (p < 0.05). The number and rate of severity of postoperative complications were significantly less: 58.3% vs. 100%. The frequency of pancreato-jejuno-anastomosis incompetence has decreased 3 times; the rate of abdominal cavity abscesses has decreased by 30%, the number of bile tract complications has decreased too (1 vs. 2). The rates of postoperative mortality were 8.3% in both groups. The use of Sandostatin made it possible to decrease the frequency and severity of postoperative complications and decrease the duration of in-patient treatment.
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PMID:[Results of use of sandostatin in pancreatoduodenal resections]. 916 68

Sandostatin has been used in combined treatment of 30 patients with destructive pancreatitis in a dose 200-600 micrograms/day subcutaneously. The drug significantly depressed production of enzyme toxins in the pancreas but failed to prevent widening of necrotic zones and progression of the process in the retroperitoneal fat. The duration of sandostatin treatment should not be longer than 5-7 days. If no response is achieved for this time, surgical treatment is indicated. It is not reasonable to reject conventional drugs used in acute destructive pancreatitis for sandostatin monotherapy.
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PMID:[Sandostatin treatment of destructive pancreatitis]. 1059 25

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), with mortality rate ranging from 15 to 40 per cent, continues to be a serious challenge to emergency surgeons. Not infrequently, in such cases lesions to the respiratory system develop, with the changes in pulmonary surfactant (PS) occurring during SAP considered as one of the major factors implicated. Alterations in structural phospholipids of PS (lecithin and sphyngomyelin) are assessed under experimental conditions in 26 dogs with modulated SAP at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours, and the obtained results compared to the ones prior to pancreatitis triggering. The animals are divided up into two groups--untreated and given Sandostatin treatment. In either group a reduction of PS fractions is documented, with a statistically significant lesser reduction of the indicators under study being established in the Sandostatin-treated group by comparison with the untreated one. Modulated SAP in dogs accounts for a significant reduction of the surfactant phospholipid values--lecithin and sphyngomyelin--in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).
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PMID:[Lung surfactant changes in acute destructive pancreatitis]. 1169 19

Results of pancreatoduodenal resections were analyzed in 124 patients. All the patients were divided into 3 groups. The most common complication of pancreatoduodenal resections were shown to be postoperative pancreatitis resulting in incompetence of the pancreatodigestive anastomosis. The patients of the first group received traditional therapy. In the patients of the third group the application of a combined medicamentous prophylactics with Sandostatin and Verapanil allows the incidence of postoperative pancreatitis to be decreased from 35.4% noted in the first group to 18.4%.
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PMID:[Prophylactics of acute pancreatitis in pancreatic-duodenal resection]. 1266 Dec 46


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